• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 1995

Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) is an economically important species in Korea because it will be harvested largely within next 20~30 years. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in green moisture content, specific gravity and shrinkage in the stems of a Korean pine trees to provide fundamental information for technical processes. The followings are the results of this study. 1. There were about 110% differences in the heartwood and sapwood' green moisture contents (heartwood=59.5%; sapwood=170.6%). 2. There were no significant differences in average volumetric shrinkage between heratwood and sapwood, even though there were significant differences in moisture contents between them. Therefore, moisture content did not significantly influence on the shrinkage. 3. There was no significant relationship between height and shrinkage in heartwood. However, in the sapwood, shrinkage was highly correlated with the height. 4. Shrinkage levels were the most significant in south-bound direction and least significant in north-bound direction in both heartwood and sapwood. 5. There was a positive correlation between specific gravity and shrinkage in the sapwood. However, no such a relationship was found in the heartwood.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1982

The environmental influence on cone crop of Pinus koraiensis has been studied by means of correlation and regression analysis of number of 1-year-old cone and meteorological data. A positive effect on cone crop is brought about by low air temperature during the year of flower bud differentiation and much sunshine duration for the year and the winter before flower bud differentiation. The weather of June before flower bud differentiation is very important for cone production.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 1983

Number of 1-year-old cone in Pinus koraiensis was influenced by the factors consisting of the tree form. Number of cones increased with increasing DBH, diameter, volume of crown and number of forked stems. However, tree height, crown length, and the ratio of crown diameter to crown length showed no significant relations with number of cones.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 1985

Heritability of height and diameter growth was estimated for 3-year-old seedlings from 75 mother trees in Pinus koraiensis. Estimates of single tree and family heritability by variance analysis were $h^2{_I}$ > 1.0 and $h^2{_F}=0.87$ for height and $h^2{_I}=0.52$ and $h^2{_F}=0.64$ for diameter respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.108-110
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• 2009

The composition of endophytic fungal species from Pinus koraiensis was studied in two areas (Yeongwol and Jincheon), Korea. To identify 113 isolates, rDNA ITS regions were sequenced. On the basis of the ITS sequence, Pestalotiopsis sp. was the most frequently isolated species in both areas. Pestalotiopsis sp. (68.5%) and Lambertella sp. (12.4%) were isolated frequently in Yeongwol, whereas Pestalotiopsis sp. (41.7%), Hypoxylon sp. (20.8%) and Phomopsis sp. (12.4%) were dominant in Jincheon. Hypoxylon sp. and Phomopsis sp. were not found in Yeongwol.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 1993

This study deals with the effect of dwarf growth for the wood and the structural changes of cambium in Pinus koraiensis subjected to water stress. The length and wall thickness of tracheary elements in dwarf trees was shorter and thicker than that in normal trees. The redial width and cell number of the annual rings are narrower and smaller in dwarf trees than those in normal trees. In serial tangential sections, the frequency of anticlinal division is low and loss of cambial initials is small in dwarf trees. The length of cambial initials in water deficit, trees are slightly shorter than that in normal trees, and the instructive growth of cambial initials during differentiation of xylem mother cells is inactive in dwarf trees. Thus, it is interpreted that the shortening of tracheary elements in dwarf trees is due to the fact that the length of cambial initials are shortened and the intrusive growth of those during differentiation of xylem mother cells is inactive. The structural variations in the wood of naturally occurring dwarf trees are similar to those of trees subjected to artificial water stress. Therefore, it is suggested that the variation of xylem element in dwarf trees are related to water conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 1988

This study was executed to investigate the vegetation structure and to propose the administration planning of the Royal Ancestor's Shrine. Five sites sampled in the study area with the clumped sampling method. Pinus koraiensis community covered 27.3% and Quercus aliena community 61.5% of total forest area when considering the actual vegetation. This area of environmental impact grade 3 and 4 area covered 46.9% and it should be restored. The ecological diversity, i.e. species diversity and evenness, showed low class, and especially site 2 which was controlled the user's after 1985 showed the lowest value. Pinus koraiensis community which is a dominant species now in the study area shall be succeed to Quercus aliena community. Robinia pseudoacacia at the eastern wall shall be excluded step by step and it shall be replaced with native species gradually. Ailanthus altissima, Populus ${\times}$ albaglandulosa and Styrax japonica which had higher selection invaded conspicuously the bare land. As the administration planning of the study area, Pinus koraiensis and Styrax japonica shall be thinned out gradually and it shall be replaced with Quercus aliena and Acer palmatum.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 1975

According to Yoshihisa Kuroki's report that the total amount of carotenoid was more in the susceptible to pine bark beetle, than in the resistant ones, carotenoids were extracted from needle leaves of one year old seedlings of Pinus thunbergii, Pinus desiflora, Pinus rigida, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigitaeda and Pinus taeda which are all important pines in Korea, to find their resistant ratio to the insect. The carotenoids were analyzed and compared using the spectra of them by spectrophotometer. The results were as follows: 1. The visible absorption spectra of carotenoids in those pine trees were proved to be very similar. 2. The total amount of carotenoids in needles differed with the tree species and the contents were arranged in decreasing order P. koraiensis>P. rigida>P. thunbergii>P. rigitaeda>P. taeda, it seemed that there was corelation between the cartenoid content and the extent of harm caused by the pine bark beetles except P. koraiensis. 3. But carotenoids were contained in Robinia pseudoacacia, Castanea crenata, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Cedrus deodra leaves too. 4. The total amounts of carotenoids in these pines of 9 species were arranged in decreasing order Robinia pseudoacacia>Pinus koraiensis>Pinus rigida>Pinus thunbergii>Castanea crenata>Pinus rigitaeda>Pinus taeda>Chamaecyparis obtusa>Cedrus deodara. Therefore, it was proved that there was no correlation between carotenoid cotent and extent of resistance to the insect. 5. In the thin-layer chromatography of these carotenoids, 13 kinds of components in P. densiftora, P. koraiensis and P. rigida and 12 kinds of spots in other pines, were detected respectively, under ultra-violet fluorescent lamp $3,600{\AA}$ and $2,537{\AA}$. 6. The eighth spots from the bottom in P. densiflora, P. koraiensis and P. rigida were not found in other pines and other 4 species (Robinia pseudoacacia, Castanea crenata, Chamacyparis obtusa, Cedrus deodra). Especially the spot in P. densiflora fluoresced strong cobalt blue-fluorescence under ultra-violet fluorescent lamp $2,537{\AA}$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 1984

This study was to elucidate the relation between the water relations parameters obtained from P-V curves and stomatal closure. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The water potential at incipient plasmolysis obtained from P-V curves was similar to the water potential at critical stomatal closure. 2) The critical stomatal closure of sun leaves appear at -21 bar (-17 bar, shade leaves) in Pinus koraiensis, -20 bar in Pinus rigida, -22 bar in Pinus densiflora, and -24 bar in Larix leptolepis. On a relative water content basis, the critical stomatal closures of sun leaves appear at 85% (82%, shade leaves) in Pinus kordiensis, 77% in Pinus ragida, 85% in Pinus densiflora, and 70% in Larix leptolepis. 3) The incipient stomatal closures of sun leaves appear at -14 bar (-12 bar, shade leaves) in Pinus koraiensis, -10 bar in Pinus rigida, -15 bar in Pinus densiflora, and -6 bar in Larix leptolepis. On a relative water content basis, the incipient stomatal closures of sun leaves appear at 90% in Pinus koraiensis, 93% in Pinus rigida, 90% in Pinus densiflora, and 93% in Larix leptolepis. 4) The leaf conductance was increased by increase in volume-averaged turgor pressure was linearly increased by increase in relative water content.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.174-177
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• 2014

We investigated the biodiversity of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of three coniferous species (Pinus densiflora, P. koraiensis, Larix kaempferi) on Mt. Minjuji, Korea. A total of 39 isolates were discovered from 17 host plants and their homology with the ITS region was searched. They were then identified as 22 taxa; 64% of fungal isolates belong to Sordariomyetes, 33% of isolates to Leotiomycetes, and 3% isolates to Agaricomycetes.