• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2000년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.158.1-158
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• 2000

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• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soil covering depth and vegetation base materials on the competition between Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq., which were grown in an abandoned coal mine land for three years after seeding, by comparing their growth and stem density. The study site was consisted of sub-plots with four different soil covering depths (0cm, 10cm, 20cm, and 30cm) and four different compounds of vegetation base materials (peat moss (control), soil conditioner+peat moss (S+P), erosion control material+peat moss (E+P), and soil conditioner+erosion control material+peat moss (S+E+P)). Results of this study showed opposite pattern between P. densiflora and L. cyrtobotrya with different soil covering depth and compounds of vegetation base materials in general. P. densiflora showed the highest growth and stem density in plots with 10cm and 0cm depths of soil covering, respectively, while the lowest was shown in plots with 20cm depth of soil covering. In contrast, L. cyrtobotrya showed the highest growth and stem density in plots with 20cm depth of soil covering, while the lowest was shown in plots with 0cm depth of soil covering. In case of vegetation base materials, P. densiflora showed the highest growth and stem density in control plots and plots treated with S+P, respectively, while the lowest was shown in plots with S+E+P treatment. On the other hand, L. cyrtobotrya showed the highest growth and stem density in plots treated with S+E+P, while the lowest was shown in control plots. These results suggested the competition between two plants as a major cause of opposite patterns, which is induced by the suppressed growth and stem density of P. densiflora by fast growing L. cyrtobotrya. Despite the suppression of L. cyrtobotrya on P. densiflora, L. cyrtobotrya can play a positive role in improving soil quality, and thus it would be more desirable for restoring abandoned coal mine land to manage the growth of L. cyrtobotrya periodically, rather than eliminate them.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2023

This study proposes a method for forest vegetation monitoring using high-resolution aerial imagery captured by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) and deep learning technology. The research site was selected in the forested area of Mountain Dogo, Asan City, Chungcheongnam-do, and the target species for monitoring included Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Quercus acutissima. To classify vegetation species at the pixel level in UAV imagery based on characteristics such as leaf shape, size, and color, the study employed the semantic segmentation method using the prominent U-net deep learning model. The research results indicated that it was possible to visually distinguish Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, and Quercus acutissima Carruth in 135 aerial images captured by UAV. Out of these, 104 images were used as training data for the deep learning model, while 31 images were used for inference. The optimization of the deep learning model resulted in an overall average pixel accuracy of 92.60, with mIoU at 0.80 and FIoU at 0.82, demonstrating the successful construction of a reliable deep learning model. This study is significant as a pilot case for the application of UAV and deep learning to monitor and manage representative species among climate-vulnerable vegetation, including Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Quercus acutissima. It is expected that in the future, UAV and deep learning models can be applied to a variety of vegetation species to better address forest management.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate ectomycorrhizal (ECM) diversity on Pinus densiflora seedlings in a disturbed pine forest. Pine seedlings less than one year old were collected from disturbed and undisturbed sites in the Mt. Songni region. The belowground ECM fungal communities colonizing P. densiflora seedlings were studied using morphotyping and DNA sequencing. The relative abundance of ECM root tips was significantly higher in the undisturbed sites than in the disturbed sites, and the ECM species diversity was lower in the disturbed sites than in the undisturbed sites. In addition, the ECM community composition was significantly different in the disturbed and undisturbed forest sites.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2011

The forest of Korea had been severely degraded since early 1900s until 1950s. Korean Government has successfully accomplished the reforestation works since 1960s. However, some plantations showed poor survival and growth caused by ignoring site characteristics in selecting plantation species and lack of tending works such as thinning. The natural regeneration of indigenous species, such as Quercus species and Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc., were examined in the plantations of Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. and Larix kaempferi Fortune ex Gordon. Quercus species regenerated mainly by sprouting while P. densiflora regenerated naturally from a few mother trees that remained in the plantations. P. koraiensis showed poor survival ($IVI{\leq}25%$) and suppressed growth (height ${\leq}3m$ and $DBH{\leq}3cm$ at 20 year-old) by Quercus species or P. densiflora in the plantation areas, however had high survival ($IVI{\geq}70%$) and growth (8 m height and 14.1 cm DBH at 20 year-old) in areas where silvicultural practices were conducted. L. kaempferi showed good survival ($IVI{\geq}40%$) and growth (17.2 m height and 16.3 cm DBH at 30 year-old) mostly in valley areas, while it was nearly dead ($IVI{\leq}10%$) in ridge or ridge-slope areas and was replaced by indigenous species such as Quercus species ($IVI{\geq}25{\sim}55%$) or P. densiflora ($IVI{\geq}18{\sim}50%$).

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2021

To investigate the antioxidant activities of Pinus densiflora needle (Pinaceae), which is widely used as a traditional medicine in Korea, Caenorhabditis elegans model system was used. The n-butanol fraction of P. densiflora needle methanol extract showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide quenching activities in a dose-dependent manner. The n-butanol fraction was measured for the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and oxidative stress tolerance by using C. elegans with reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. In addition, to see that the regulation of the stress response gene is responsible for the increased stress tolerance of C. elegans treated by the butanol extract, SOD-3 expression was measured using a transgenic strain. As a result, the P. densiflora needle n-butanol fraction increased SOD and catalase activities, and decreased ROS accumulation, dose-dependently. Furthermore, the n-butanol fraction-treated CF1553 worm showed higher SOD-3::GFP intensity than the control.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2010

본 연구는 해안 염해지 수목 식재를 위한 내염성 및 내조성 수종을 선발하고자 한국 서해안 해안림의 식생조사와 토양염분도를 조사 분석하였다. 조사지의 토양염분은 전체 평균 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.11dS$m^{-1}$이었고, 최저 0.00dS$m^{-1}$, 최고 0.68dS$m^{-1}$이었다. 토양염분($EC_{1:5}$)은 해안 정선으로 부터 내륙 방향으로 갈수록 낮았으며, Ⅰ지대>Ⅱ지대>Ⅲ지대>Ⅳ 지대 순으로 각각 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.14dS$m^{-1}$, 0.11dS$m^{-1}$, 0.10dS$m^{-1}$, 0.08dS$m^{-1}$이었다. 출현한 자생식물은 52과 104속 24변종 157종 총 181분류군이었다. 토양염분이 가장 높은 단계인 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.51dS$m^{-1}$를 초과하는 곳에서 EC의 특이값 또는 이상치의 수준으로 여러 번 출현하는 수종은 곰솔, 청미래덩굴, 떡갈나무, 졸참나무 등이었다. $EC_{1:5}$ 0.41~0.50dS$m^{-1}$에서는 $EC_{1:5}$ 0.40dS$m^{-1}$ 이하에 속하는 식물들 이외에도 왕자귀나무, 멀구슬나무, 계요등으로 출현빈도가 매우 낮았다. 전체 지대에 출현하는 수종은 리기다소나무, 소나무, 곰솔, 노간주나무 등 이었고, 중요도가 높은 수종은 소나무, 곰솔, 이대, 청미래덩굴, 굴피나무 등이었다. 이러한 수종은 조사지의 자생 수종들 중에서 다른 수종에 비하여 상대적으로 내조성이 강한 것으로 판단되었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2005

We have constructed an AFLP-based linkage map of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zucc.) using haploid DNA samples of 96 megagametophytes from a single maternal tree, selection clone Kyungbuk 4. Twenty-eight primer pairs generated a total of 5,780 AFLP fragments. Five hundreds and thirteen fragments were verified as genetic markers with two alleles by their Mendelian segregation. At the linkage criteria LOD 4.0 and maximum recombination fraction 0.25(${\theta}$), a total of 152 markers constituted 25 framework maps for 19 major linkage groups. The maps spanned a total length of 2,341 cM with an average framework marker spacing of 18.4 cM. The estimated genome size was 2,662 cM. With an assumption of equal marker density, 82.2% of the estimated genome would be within 10 cM of one of the 230 linked markers, and 68.1% would be within 10 cM of one of the 152 framework markers. We evaluated map completeness in terms of LOD value, marker density, genome length, and map coverage. The resulting map will provide crucial information for future genomic studies of the Japanese red pine, in particular for QTL mapping of economically important breeding target traits.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2024

The current study aimed to investigate the impact of CO₂ enrichment on the width of annual tree rings, earlywood and latewood, and the area of annual growth of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. grown in open-top chamber (OTC). To this end, two CO₂ enrichment cases were considered, namely 1.4 × increment (560 ppm in OTC-II) and 1.8 × (720 ppm in OTC-III) were compared with the current atmosphere (400 ppm in OTC-I). The CO₂ enrichment conditions for a period of 12 years (2010-2021) were considered, and all measurements were done through image analysis. The study showed that the increment in CO₂ concentrations positively affected the tree growth. The measurement data from the trees in OTC-III were considerably higher than those from OTC-I, whereas those from OTC-II were slightly higher than those from OTC-I. Decreasing patterns of the measured widths and area in 6-7 years after the beginning of CO₂ enrichment was found for all the OTCs. These patterns were possibly due to changes in the physiological features, such as aging. The findings of the present study can have potential uses as fundamental data for forest management considering CO₂ concentrations.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제112권2호
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• pp.258-266
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• 2023

소나무재선충병(Pine wilt disease)은 소나무재선충(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934))에 의해 발생하며 한국을 비롯한 동북아시아와 유럽의 소나무속(Pinus) 수목들을 고사시키고 있다. 소나무재선충병 저항성에 대한 연구는 자연상태 및 온실포트묘에서 주로 이뤄진 반면 포지에서의 연구가 부족한 편이다. 본 연구에서는 2021년 6월, 포지에 있는 소나무속 수종인 곰솔(Pinus thunbergii Parl.), 잣나무(P. koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.), 소나무(P. densiflora Siebold & Zucc.), 섬잣나무(P. parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), 리기테다소나무(P. rigida × P. taeda), 스트로브잣나무(P. strobus L.)의 묘목을 대상으로 소나무재선충을 인공접종하였다. 그리고 인공접종 후 2주 간격으로 위조지수를 측정했고, 인공접종 24주후의 고사율, 소나무재선충 검출률 및 밀도를 측정했다. 소나무재선충병에 의한 고사율은 곰솔(80%), 잣나무(77.8%), 소나무(62.5%), 섬잣나무(22.0%) 순이였으며 리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무는 고사하지 않았다. 소나무재선충 검출률은 리기테다소나무(22.2%)를 제외하고 모두 고사율과 동일했다. 위조지수의 경우, 소나무재선충병 고사율 순위가 높았던 곰솔, 잣나무, 소나무 3종에서 높은 수치가 나왔으며, 순위가 낮았던 섬잣나무, 리기테다소나무, 스트로브잣나무 3종에서는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 통계분석 결과, 곰솔, 잣나무는 소나무재선충병에 높은 감수성을, 소나무, 섬잣나무는 중간 수준의 감수성을, 리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무는 확실한 저항성을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 소나무재선충 저항성 육종의 기초자료나리기테다소나무와 스트로브잣나무의 조림 필요성에 대한 근거자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.