• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pinus Thunbergii

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Change for 13 Years(1983~1996) and Plant Community Structure of Forest Area around Youcheon Industrial Complex (여천공단 주변 산림지역 식물군집구조와 13년간의 변화(1983~1996년))

  • 한봉호;최송현;박인협
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.212-223
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the plant community structure and identify the change for 13 years(1983~1996) of forest around Youcheon industrial complex, Korea. 27 plots(300$m^2$/1plot) were established in forest around Youcheon industrial complex. By DCA ordination technique, the 27 plots were classified into five communities, which were Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus thunbergii-Quercus spp. community, P. thunbergii-Eurya japonica community, P. densiflora-P. thunbergii community and P. densiflora community. It seemed that P. thunbergii-Quercus app. community and P. densiflora-P. thunbergii community succeeded to Quercus spp. community and it seemed that P. thunbergii community, P. thunbergii-E. japonica community and P. densiflora community would not be replace by another woody species. Soil pH was pH 4.38~4.61, there were bad soil for organic matters content and exchangeable cations(C $a^{++}$, $Mg^{++}$, $K^{+}$) content. Shannon's diversity, H' max and number of species were improved for 13 years. So did soil characteristics.s.s.s.

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Ecological Study of the Pinus thunbergii Forests on the western Seacoast of Korea -Taean Haean National Park- (우리 나라 서해안 지역의 곰솔나무림의 생태학적 연구 -태안해안(泰安海岸) 국립공원(國立公園)을 중심으로-)

  • Song, Ho Kyung;Jang, Kyu Kwan;Oh, Dong Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.11-15
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    • 1997
  • The importance value and volume growth percentage, based on the data obtained from 33 quadrats by $relev{\acute{e}}$ method of Mueller-Dombois and Ellenberg, were applied to investigate Pinus thunbergii forests in Taean Haean National Park. The investigation was done from July till September 1996. 1. The dominant species of tree were found in the order of Pinus thunbergii, Quercus dentata, Robinia pseudcacacia, Platycarya strobilacea, Carpinus coreana, Albizzia julibrissin, Pinus densi-thunbergii, and Quercus serrata 2. The volume growth percentage of Pinus thunbergii was about 0.6%~10.5% and the mean of it's was 3.8%. 3. Chemical properties of forest soil showed ranging pH 4.8~6.3, organic matter 1.51~11.79%, $P_2O_5$ 2.5~14.5ppm, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ 1.3~6.6(me/100g), $Mg^{{+}{+}}$ 0.4~2.6(me/100g), and $K^+$ 0.23~1.89(me/100g).

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Characteristics of Annual Rings of Pinus thunbergii Grown in the Air-polluted Area by Soft X-ray Analysis (Soft X-ray분석(分析)에 의한 대기오염지역(大氣汚染地域)에서 자란 해송(Pinus thunbergii)의 연륜(年輪)의 특징(特徵))

  • Kim, Jong Kab;Kim, Jai Saing
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.80 no.4
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    • pp.351-359
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    • 1991
  • Annual ring characteristics of pinus thunbergii grown in several air-polluted areas were investigated by soft X-ray densitometry. Ring width, maximum density and relative difference between maximum and minimum density(abbreviated to DD) were generally decreased after the beginning of operation of the factories at the vicinity of the pollution sources. Especially at the nearest areas of the industrial complex, those were distinctly decreased, and the changes, either increases or decreases, in percentage of latewood and minimum density could not be explained by the air pollution dosages. Ring width, maximum density and DD were being more apparently decreased after 5 years than those for 5 years after the beginning of operation, and also the rate of decrease was increased from after 5 years after the beginning of operation, and the rate of decrease of ring width was the highest of all. It was inferred that ring width, maximum density and DD of Pinus thunbergii could be used as indicators to detect the growth damage by air pollution.

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The Selection of the Suitable Site for Forest Tree(Pinus thunbergii) (임목(林木)((해송(海松)) 적지선정(適地選定)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Chung, Young Gwan;Park, Nam Chang;Son, Yeong Mo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.82 no.4
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    • pp.420-430
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    • 1993
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the forest environmental factors(5 items) and physico-chemical properties of soil(13 items) on the growth of Pinus thunbergii stands. The 218 plots were sampled over the coastal district of the whole country. In statistical analysis, the explanatory variables were soil and environmental factors(18 items), and the response variable was the site index of Pinus thunbergii stands. Data computation was processed in order of preparation of original data, computation of inner correlation matrix table by correlation analysis, calculation of partial correlation coefficients and coefficients of determination, estimation of regression equation by stepwise begression analysis, and stepwise regression analysis by factor score of factor analysis. The main results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1. The site index in Pinus thunbergii stands way highly correlated with effective soil depth(r=0.8668), slope percentage, organic matter, and total nitrogen. 2. According to the coefficients by partial correlation analysis, effective soil depth(r=0.6270), slope percentage (r=-0.5423) and base saturation(r=0.3278) among environmental factors had a great effect on tree growth. 3. With stepwise regression analysis, the factors effecting on the Pinus thunbergii stands growth were effective soil depth, slope percentage, organic matter, base saturation, soil pH, content of silt, exchangeable Ca, and etc. 4. Estimation equation for the site index of Pinus thunbergii stands was given by $Y=13.2691+0.0242\;X_2-1.2244\;X_4+0.6142\;X_5-0.3472\;X_{11}+0.0355\;X_{13}+0.1552\;X_{15}-0.1002\;X_{17}$. The coefficient of determination for the estimation model was 0.77, which was significant at the 1 percent level. 5. In result of factor analysis by the environmental factors, principal components were 6 factors, and communality contribution percentage was 71.1 percent. 6. By stepwise regression analysis between factor score and site index of Pinus thunbergii stands, the factor group effecting on site index was 5 principal components. The coefficients of determination was 85 percent, which was significant at the 1 percent level. In conclusion, on the occasion of analizing which factors to effect on the tree height growth in Pinus thunbergii stands the stepwise regression analysis proved to be greatly significant. Also the management of Pinus thunbergii stands should be working by the above selected growth factors.

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Change in Needle Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii treated with Artificial Acid Rain (인공산성우(人工酸性雨)의 처리(處理)에 따른 소나무와 곰솔 침엽(針葉)의 엽록소(葉綠素) 형광변화(螢光變化))

  • Choi, Yong-Bong;Kim, Jong-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.84 no.1
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of artificial acid rain(pH2.0, 3.0. 4.0 and 5.0) adjusted by natural rain fall and control group by pH6.5 on the change in needle chlorophyll fluorescence of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii. This study was performed from May, 1994 to August, 1994, during which 20ml of artificial acid rain was used once a week. The results are as follows : In the first treatment of artificial acid rain the measured indexes of fluorescence have increased in pH4.0 and pH5.0 treatments and decreased in pH2.0 and pH3.0 in comparison with those of the control group. As the treatment of artificial acid rain was processed the fluorescence indexes of both Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii have decreased as the degree of acidity increased higher and that of Pinus densiflora has decreased more significantly than Pinus thunbergii. The measurement of change in the numerical indexes of fluorescence was proved to be a very effective criterion to make an early decision of damage of the vegetation by acid rain.

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Inheritance of Isozymes IDH, ME and PGI in Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in Kyungpook Province (경북지방(慶北地方) 소나무 및 곰솔에 대한 동위효소(同位酵素) IDH, ME 및 PGI의 유전(遺傳))

  • Son, Doo-Sik;Hong, Sung-Chun;Yeo, Jin-Kie;Ryu, Jang-Bal
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.78 no.2
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    • pp.242-247
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    • 1989
  • This study was conducted to estimate the inheritance of allozyme variants in IDH, ME and PGI, using megagametophyte tissue of seeds of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in Kyungpook province. Two alleles at a single locus were detected for MH in Pinus densiflora, but Pinus thunbergii showed no varition, showing only one band. Four alleles at one locus were determined for ME in Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii. Two loci were found for PGI and no variation seemed to occurred in A-locus as the presence of one single band. Five alleles were presented in B-locus in Pinus densiflora, but two alleles $B_1$ and $B_2$ in Pinus thunbergii. In PGI, an allozyme composed of multiple bands is observed from haploid megagamtophyte tissues. The isozyme variants of IDH, ME and PGI were appeared to segregate into 1 : 1 ratio for all zones.

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Characterization of a Sapstaining Fungus, Ophiostoma floccosum, Isolated from the Sapwood of Pinus thunbergii in Korea

  • Yun, Yeo-Hong;Hyun, Min-Woo;Suh, Dong-Yeon;Kim, Seong-Hwan
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.5-9
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    • 2009
  • An Ophiostoma fungus was isolated from a stump of Pinus thunbergii in a forest on the West coast of Korea. Microscopic analysis using a light microscope, a stereo microscope, and a scanning electron microscope revealed that it had morphological features of Pesotum and Sporothix synanarmorphs. Based on the $\beta$-tubulin gene sequence analysis, the fungus was identified as the anamorph of Ophiostoma floccosum. Mycological properties of the species including its growth properties on different culture media were described.

Preparation of Tuna Skin Byproduct Film Containing Pinus thunbergii Cone Extract

  • Bak, Jing-Gi;Kim, Jin;Ohk, Seung-Ho
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.360-367
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    • 2020
  • Tuna skin byproduct extract (TSB) was used as a biocompatibility film base material, and its composite film with gellan gum (GG) was prepared. In addition, Pinus thunbergii cone extract (PTCE) was incorporated into the film to provide anti-oxidant and anti-bacteria activities. The tensile strength (TS) of the TSB/GG composite films increased with increasing GG content, whereas elongation at break (E) decreased. TSB/GG film at a ratio of 0.5:0.5 (w/w) showed the most desirable TS and E values. Based on scavenging free radical potentials and disc diffusion method results against growth of bacteria, antioxidant and anti-bacteria activities of films increased with increasing PTCE concentration. Accordingly, this study showed that TSB/GG could be used as a film material while the TSB/GG composite film containing PTCE can be utilized as functional packaging.

Succession and Stand Dimension Attributes of Pinus thunbergii Coastal Forests after Damage from Diplodia Tip Blight around the Sakurajima Volcano, Southern Kyushu, Japan

  • Teramoto, Yukiyoshi;Shimokawa, Etsuro;Ezaki, Tsugio;Jang, Su-Jin;Kim, Suk-Woo;Lee, Youn-Tae;Chun, Kun-Woo
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.481-489
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    • 2018
  • In this study, the succession and stand dimension attributes related to the disaster prevention function of Pinus thunbergii coastal forests were examined after damage from Diplodia tip blight. In 2015, 101 years after the Taisho eruption, field investigations were performed on the vegetation, soil thickness, and pH of surface soil of P. thunbergii coastal forests in western Sakurajima (Hakamagoshi plot) and Taisho lava flows in southeastern Sakurajima (Seto plot). The Hakamagoshi plot had more woody plant species with larger basal areas than that in the Seto plot. The mean age and height, maximal age and height of plant species, and H/D ratio were all larger in the Hakamagoshi plot than in the Seto plot. These results may be explained by the relatively smaller effect of volcanic ash and gas on forests in the Hakamagoshi plot compared to the Seto plot, resulting in a more suitable environment for many plant species. Although P. thunbergii coastal forests in Sakurajima are currently recovering from damages owing to Diplodia tip blight, there has not yet been a sufficient recovery compared to the results from a 1997 study. Furthermore, the results of assessment based on the H/D ratio and abundance of trees in P. thunbergii forests indicate that both regions are not yet effective in disaster prevention. Thus, it is necessary to establish Pinus trees, which can adjust to harsh environments like coastal areas and are resistant to volcanic ash and gas, to enhance the disaster prevention function of P. thunbergii coastal forests in volcanic regions. It may also be helpful to establish coastal forests with ectotrophic mycorrhizal fungi and organic matter coverage. Additionally, it is necessary to ensure the continuous maintenance of stand density and soil quality, and further develop efforts to prevent Diplodia tip blight and promote forest recovery.

Identification of Afzelin and Quercitrin from Pinus koraiensis and Their Contents in Genus Pinus Using HPLC/UV Analysis

  • Lee, Dong Gu;Ryu, Min Ju;Cho, Sunghun;Chung, Ha Sook;Lee, Sanghyun
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.206-210
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    • 2014
  • Phytochemical constituents were isolated from Pinus koraiensis needles by open column chromatography. The structures isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. koraiensis needles were elucidated as afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including $^1H$-NMR and MS. The amounts of afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) in genus Pinus were determined by HPLC/UV analysis. Afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2) contents were highest in P. thunbergii needles. Because P. thunbergii needles contain high amounts of afzelin (1) and quercitrin (2), they have promising potential as new additives to natural medicinal products, health supplements, and beverages.