• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2009

Organic carbon (OC) distribution in 32-year-old pitch pine plantation at Mt. Hotae in Kongju, Korea, was studied from August 2007 to July 2008. In order to investigate the OC distribution, OC in plant biomass, litterfall, litter layer on forest floor, and soil within 50cm depth were estimated. The density of P. rigida plantation was 3,200 trees/ha, average DBH was $18.7{\pm}5.53cm$ and average tree height was $11.1{\pm}1.85m$. Organic carbon stored in plant biomass, litterlayer on forest floor and soil in 2008 was 89.46 ton C/ha (46.09%), 4.32 ton C/ha (2.23%) and 100.32 ton C $ha^{-1}$ 50cm-$depth^{-1}$ (51.68%), respectively. Amount of OC returned to forest floor via litterfall was 2.21 ton C $ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$. Total amount of OC stored in this P. rigida plantation was 194.1 ton C/ha. Net increase of OC in above- and below-ground biomass in this pitch pine plantation was 4.82 ton C $ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2008

Growth and yield prediction methods, ranging from whole-stand models to individual-tree models, have been developed for forest types managed for wood production. The resultant models are used for a host of purposes including inventory updating, management planning, evaluation of silvicultural alternatives, and harvest scheduling. Because of the large investment in developing growth and yield models for improved genotypes and silvicultural practices for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the Southern United States, this region serves to illustrate approaches for modelling intensively managed forests. Analytical methods and computing power generally do not restrict development of reliable growth and yield models. However, long-term empirical observations on stand development, which are time consuming and expensive to obtain, often limit modelling efforts. Given that growth and yield models are used to project present volumes and to evaluate alternative treatment effects, data of both the inventory type and the experimental type are needed. Data for developing stand simulators for loblolly pine plantations have been obtained from a combination of permanent plots in operational forest stands and silvicultural experiments; these data collection efforts are described and summarized. Modelling is essential for integrating and synthesizing diverse information, identifying knowledge gaps, and making informed decisions. The questions being posed today are more complex than in the past, thus further accentuating the need for comprehensive models for stand development.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제19권
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• pp.31-37
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• 2001

Uyeki(1928) classified Pinus densiflora into six ecotypes(Northeastem type, Middle-southern flat type, middle-southern upland type, Wibong type, Ankang type, and Geumgang type) based on the pine tree type. The bark color of Geumgang type was ash-brown color on the lower parts of stem and yellowed color on the upper parts of stem. We investigated the physicochemical properties of soil forests to obtain basic data for preservation of exellent pine (Pinus densiflora for. erecta Uyeki). The results were as follows; The soil texture of the Pinus densiflora for. erecta Uyeki forests were showed nearly as sandy loam, that is, sand, silt and clay were consisted of 72%, 15% and 13%, respectively. Soil acidity(pH 4.6) was lower than Korea average forest soil acidity(pH 5.2). The average contents of available phosphate was 11.7ppm at Sokwang-ri, 26.8ppm at Mt. Eungbong, 24.2ppm at Mt. Kumma. It was the lowest at Uljin(4.6ppm). The contents of carbon was 6.2% at Mt. Chungok, 6.1% at Mt. Eungbong. This value was more than average of Korea forest soil.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze annual diameter growth characteristics for major 11 tree species using the data for Gangwon province of the National Forest Resources Inventory in 2007. The annual diameter growth of coniferous species was 5.02 mm, 4.70 mm, and 3.90 mm in Korean white pine, Japanese larch, and Korean red pine, respectively. In growths of the deciduous trees, dogwood, basswood, and cork oak had 3.55 mm, 3.48 mm and 3.01 mm, respectively. Average of the annual diameter growths for all species was 3.38 mm. The relationship between diameter growth and age class showed that the growth rate decreased for all species as age increased. The age class II had the highest annual diameter rate. In relation of the stand density(trees per hectare) and diameter growth, the diameter growth tended to decrease as the stand density increased for most species, especially Korean white pine, cork oak, and basswood. Finally age had the highest value in the correlation coefficients between measurement factor and growth rate regardless of species.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2019

Plants are consumed by a myriad of organisms that compete for resources. Direct interactions among multiple plant-feeding organisms in a single host can range for each species from positive to negative. Wood-boring beetle faces a number of biotic and abiotic constraints that interfere with the good prospects from the tree. Biotic factors, including arthropod pests and diseases, and abiotic factors, such as drought and water-logging, are the major constraints affecting the species. The present study aimed to provide basic data for analyzing forest health, identify the kinds of wood-boring beetles in the central part of Korea. Our second goal was to analyze the species composition and diversity of regional communities and to examine. A total of 10,461 individual wood-boring beetles belonging to 8 families and 50 species attracted to trap trees in the pine forests were recorded during the study period on study sites. The results of the analysis of collected species showed that the community structure on all study sites was similar. Seasonal occurrences of dominant wood-boring beetles (5 species) from each study site showed the highest number of all species, except for Siphalinus gigas in May, followed by a gradual decline, and the largest number of Siphalinus gigas appeared in June. The similarity index of species composition was relatively high, ranging from 0.75 to 0.90 for each study site.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제113권3호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2024

우리나라는 산림 성숙과 더불어 소나무림의 쇠퇴가 가시화되고 있는데, 토양 비옥도를 포함한 숲 환경에 다양한 변화가 나타나고 있다. 식생 천이와 더불어 버섯류의 천이도 나타나게 되는데, 20세기 말 단기 임산 소득원으로 환영받던 균근성 버섯인 송이 생산성도 감소하고 있다. 산불의 주 피해 대상인 소나무림의 감소는 송이 생산성 감소에 통계적으로 유의한 원인으로 평가되지는 않았다. 소나무림 3영급~8영급에서 송이가 주로 생산되며 생산성이 가장 높은 시기는 4영급~6영급임을 고려할 때, 소나무림의 노령화와 혼효림으로 변화가 가장 중요한 생산성 저하 원인으로 평가된다. 송이산 가꾸기를 통해 장령림의 송이 생산성을 유지･증진할 수 있으므로 적극적인 임분 및 토양관리로 지속적인 송이 생산을 도모할 수 있다. 한편, 최근에는 송이가 자연 발생하는 곳에서 채취하는 방식을 넘어 재배를 위한 시도가 활발히 전개되고 있다. 송이 균환 선단에 소나무를 심어 감염묘를 만든 후 이식하여 새롭게 송이산을 만드는 방식은 성공하였다. 하지만, 감염묘 이식기법은 기존 균환의 훼손과 이식 절차에서의 비효율성이 존재한다. 이를 극복하기 위해 접종묘 생산기술이 대안으로 제시되지만, 접종묘 생산과 이식 과정에서도 송이균 유지에 난관이 존재한다. 최근에는 이를 해결하기 위하여 송이 균환의 마이크로바이옴 연구가 진행되고 있다. 송이 균사의 생장에 도움을 주는 세균이나 균류를 찾아내기도 하였다. 미생물 생태학적인 접근을 통해 송이의 산업적인 재배 시대가 조만간 열릴 수 있으리라 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권2호통권130호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Tree species of wooden structural members of the Beomeo Temple were identified based on light and scanning electron microscopic characters in the present study. Of 10 structural members, 9 softwoods and 1 hardwood were identified. Among softwood members, 7 belonged to hard pine of the Sylvestris section, and the remaining 2 to hard pine of other than the Sylvestris section and hemlock of the genus Tsuga, respectively. A single hardwood member was identified as white oak of the Prinus section under the subgenus Lepidobalanus.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제7권
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

국립광주박물관은 전남문화재연구원에서 발굴 조사한 완도 보길도 윤선도 유적에서 출토된 나막신의 보존처리를 실시하였다. 나막신의 수종은 소나무속 경송류(Pinus sp. (hard pine))로 식별되었으며 처리방법은 t-butanol 치환 후 PEG-진공동결건조법을 이용하여 처리하였다.

• 임산에너지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2003

국산 간벌 소경재인 리기다소나무(Pinus rigida Mill.), 소나무(Pinus densifora Sieb. et Zucc), 일본잎갈나무(Larix kaemferi Carr) 및 상수리나무(Quercus acutissima Carr.)로 만든 무결점재에 대한 휨특성을 조사하였다. 휨강도와 탄성계수는 수종에 따라 차이가 있었다. 비중이 큰 상수리나무가 가장 큰 휨강도와 탄성계수를 나타냈으며, 비중이 작은 일본잎갈나무가 가장 작은 값을 나타냈다. 휨탄성계수와 휨강도는 응력파 탄성계수와 양호한 정의 상관관계를 나타내어 응력파 탄성계수에 의해 휨 특성 예측이 가능하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2014

울진산 금강송재의 재질발현 수령의 판단기준에 대해 검토하기 위해, 소나무(Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.)와 울진금강송(Pinus densiflora forma erecta Uyeki) 대표목의 물리적 성질을 조사한 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 울진금강송의 기건밀도는 소나무재보다 약 20% 이상 높았다. 또한 심재율은 70% 이상이었다. 단위면적($1mm^2$)당 수직수지구의 분포수는 0.3개로서 울진금강송이 소나무보다 약 40% 높았다. 수직수지구의 평균 직경은 소나무 $67.8{\mu}m$, 울진금강송 $67.3{\sim}69.9{\mu}m$로서 수종 간 큰 차이는 없었으며, 연륜수가 증가함에 따라 직경도 함께 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 수평수지구의 분포수는 울진금강송-1이 소나무와 울진금강송-2 보다 약 55% 높은 값을 나타내었다. 소나무와 울진금강송-2의 수지구 분포수는 연륜이 증가함에 따라 감소하였으나, 울진금강송-1은 연륜 증가와 함께 증가하는 상반된 결과를 나타내었다. 방사조직 분포수는 수종 간의 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 동일 수종 내 조재와 만재 사이에서도 차이가 없었다. 연륜이 증가함에 따라 소나무와 울진금강송 모두 방사조직의 분포수가 감소하였다. 방사조직의 세포고는 소나무가 비교적 높았으며, 조재와 만재 사이의 차이는 없었다. 본 연구결과, 울진금강송의 재질발현 기준 수령은 약 150년인 것으로 판단되었다.