• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1261-1268
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• 2001

Effective material properties of active fiber composites with interdigitated electrodes are derived as a function of the fiber volume fraction. For the purpose of applying the rule of mixture, three unit cell models are introduced; each for the deformation and stress continuities in the out of plane and in-plane directions, and the continuity of the electrical displacement in the longitudinal direction. Derived effective material properties are compared with the results by the finite element method; good agreements are observed between them. As an application, the electromechanical behavior of the angle ply laminates with the active fiber layers bonded on the top and bottom surfaces are investigated; the angle of piezoelectric fiber to maximize the twisting curvature is obtained using the present model.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2013년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.699-705
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• 2013

This paper presents vibration testing, control, and finite element analysis of a piping system, which is subjected to the changes in fluid levels. Nuclear power plants typically employ a cooling system that uses sea water. These systems are subjected to dynamic characteristic changes caused by sea-level variations, which introduces failures of cooling system components. Therefore in this study, analytical and experimental studies were performed to understand the effect of sea-level changes on the dynamic characteristics of piping systems. It was shown that, as the sea-level increases, pipe's natural frequencies decreases in relation to its mode shape. A 1/14 scale model was also built to compare the results obtained by the analytical study. A good agreement between experiment and analytical studies were observed. Finally, an on-line resonant frequency identification system was proposed and developed, which utilizes piezoelectric transducers as sensors and actuators, in order to avoid catastrophic failure of piping systems.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1278-1285
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• 2008

This paper presents an inertia type of piezostack based active mount fur unmanned aero vehicle (UAV) camera system. After identifying the stiffness and damping properties of the rubber element and piezostack a mechanical model of the active mount system is established. The governing equation of mount is then derived and expressed in a state space form. Subsequently, a sliding mode controller which is robust to uncertain parameters is designed in order to reduce the vibration imposed according to the military specification associated with UAV camera mount system operation. Control performances such as acceleration and transmitted force are evaluated through both computer simulation and experimental implementation.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.371-383
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• 2022

A novel impact localization method is presented based on impact induced elastic waves in sensorized composite structure subjected to temperature fluctuations. In real practices, environmental and operational conditions influence the acquired signals and consequently make the feature (particularly Time of Arrival (TOA)) extraction process, complicated and troublesome. To overcome this complication, a robust TOA estimation method is proposed based on the times in which the absolute amplitude of the signal reaches to a specific amplitude value. The presented method requires prior knowledge about the normalized wave velocity in different directions of propagation. To this aim, a finite element model of the plate was built in ABAQUS/CAE. The impact location is then highlighted by calculating an error value at different points of the structure. The efficiency of the developed impact localization technique is experimentally evaluated by dropping steel balls with different energies on a carbon fiber composite plate with different temperatures. It is demonstrated that the developed technique is able to localize impacts with different energies even in the presence of noise and temperature fluctuations.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 박막 체적 공진기 대역통과 여파기 설계기법을 제안하였다. 기존의 BVD등가모델을 이용한 여파기 설계기법은 공진 모드에서의 공진기의 임피던스 특성을 몇 개의 집중 소자로 근사함으로써 생기는 오차를 포함하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 공진기의 전기적 임피던스 특성식 자체를 이용한 최적화 FBAR여파기 설계기법을 제안하였다. 유전자 알고리즘을 적용하여 설계기준을 만족하도록 공진기의 두께 및 면적을 최적화하였다. 첫 번째 유전자 알고리즘은 사다리형 여파기의 직렬/병렬 공진기의 직렬/병렬 공진 주파수가 통과대역의 중심주파수와 일치하도록 각 공진기의 압전 물질 두께를 최적화하였다. 두 번째 유전자 알고리즘은 설계하고자하는 대역통과 여파기 특성을 만족시키기 위한 각 공진기의 면적을 최적화하였다. 제안된 방법을 이용하여 설계된 US-PCS 수신 대역통과 여파기는 기존의 방법 및 BVD모델을 이용한 설계결과와 비교하여 우수한 응답특성을 나타내었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1029-1062
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• 2016

In this research, the nonlinear free vibration analysis of boron-nitride micro ribbon (BNMR) on the Pasternak elastic foundation under electrical, mechanical and thermal loadings using modified strain gradient theory (MSGT) is studied. Employing the von $K{\acute{a}}rm{\acute{a}}n$ nonlinear geometry theory, the nonlinear equations of motion for the graphene micro ribbon (GMR) using Euler-Bernoulli beam model with considering attached mass and size effects based on Hamilton's principle is obtained. These equations are converted into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations by elimination of the time variable using Kantorovich time-averaging method. To determine nonlinear frequency of GMR under various boundary conditions, and considering mass effect, differential quadrature element method (DQEM) is used. Based on modified strain MSGT, the results of the current model are compared with the obtained results by classical and modified couple stress theories (CT and MCST). Furthermore, the effect of various parameters such as material length scale parameter, attached mass, temperature change, piezoelectric coefficient, two parameters of elastic foundations on the natural frequencies of BNMR is investigated. The results show that for all boundary conditions, by increasing the mass intensity in a fixed position, the linear and nonlinear natural frequency of the GMR reduces. In addition, with increasing of material length scale parameter, the frequency ratio decreases. This results can be used to design and control nano/micro devices and nano electronics to avoid resonance phenomenon.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.587-614
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• 2014

In recent years the interest in online monitoring of lightweight structures with ultrasonic guided waves is steadily growing. Especially the aircraft industry is a driving force in the development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. In order to optimally design SHM systems powerful and efficient numerical simulation tools to predict the behaviour of ultrasonic elastic waves in thin-walled structures are required. It has been shown that in real industrial applications, such as airplane wings or fuselages, conventional linear and quadratic pure displacement finite elements commonly used to model ultrasonic elastic waves quickly reach their limits. The required mesh density, to obtain good quality solutions, results in enormous computational costs when solving the wave propagation problem in the time domain. To resolve this problem different possibilities are available. Analytical methods and higher order finite element method approaches (HO-FEM), like p-FEM, spectral elements, spectral analysis and isogeometric analysis, are among them. Although analytical approaches offer fast and accurate results, they are limited to rather simple geometries. On the other hand, the application of higher order finite element schemes is a computationally demanding task. The drawbacks of both methods can be circumvented if regions of complex geometry are modelled using a HO-FEM approach while the response of the remaining structure is computed utilizing an analytical approach. The objective of the paper is to present an efficient method to couple different HO-FEM schemes with an analytical description of an undisturbed region. Using this hybrid formulation the numerical effort can be drastically reduced. The functionality of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by studying the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in plates, excited by a piezoelectric patch actuator. The actuator is modelled utilizing higher order coupled field finite elements, whereas the homogenous, isotropic plate is described analytically. The results of this "semi-analytical" approach highlight the opportunities to reduce the numerical effort if closed-form solutions are partially available.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

현재 대부분의 초음파를 이용한 거리 측정 기술은 송신부로부터 수신기까지 초음파가 진행하는 시간 즉, TOF(: Time of Flight)를 측정하여 그 동안 음파가 진행한 거리를 산출하는 방법을 활용한다. 이 경우 거리 측정 정확도를 높이기 위해서는 정확한 TOF의 측정이 필요하다. 본 논문은 정확한 TOF를 산출하기 위해 초음파 송수신기의 수학적 모델을 이용하여 수신된 파형의 수학적 모델을 얻어내고 이를 바탕으로 TOF를 산출하는 방식을 제안한다. 이 방식은 트리거링 후부터 수신된 파형를 이미 얻어진 수학적 모델과 최소자승법을 이용하여 비교하여 초음파 신호가 수신기에 도달한 시점을 역으로 추정하는 방식이다. 제안된 방법을 사용할 경우 트리거링 시점의 변동에 의한 영향을 줄일 수 있음을 실험을 통하여 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1419-1425
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• 1996

In this work, a precies actuator which is capable of high positioning accuracy is developed. For estimation the dynamic behavior of the actuator, system modeling is performed by employing a stick-slip frection law. Dynamic characteristics over various types of driving input signals and vibraiton loci of the driving tip are examined by experiments. Phase differences between the input signals are applied, and the dynamic behavior of slider is investigated. From the simulation and experimental results, it is observed that the dynamic behaviors from the simulation results agree fairly well to those of the experimental results. Thisindicates that the model developed in this work is applicable to other precision mechanisms in which a friction farce is as improtant factor for actuation.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회논문집; 경주코오롱호텔; 22-23 May 1997
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• pp.413-417
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• 1997

Distributed piezoelectric sensor and actuator have been designed for efficient vibration control of a cantilevered beam. Both PZT and PVDF are used in this study, the former as an actuator and the latter as a sensor for our integrated structure. For the PZT actuator, the position and size have been optimized. Optimal electrode shape of the PVDF sensor has been determined. For multi-mode vibration control, we have used two PZT actuators and a PVDF sensor. Electrode shading of PVDF is more powerful for modal force adjustment than the sizing and positioning of PZT. Finite element method is used to model the structure that includes the PZT actuator and the PVDF sensor. By deciding on or off of each PZT segment, the length and the location of the PZT actuator are optimize. Considering both of the host structure and the optimized actuators, it is designed that the active electrode width of PVDF sensor along the span of the beam. Actuator design is based on the criterion of minimizing the system energy in the control modes under a given initial condition. Sensor is designed to minimize the observation spill-over. Modal control forces for the residual(uncontrolled) modes have been minimized during the sensor design. Genetic algorithm, which is suitable for this kind of discrete problems, has been utilized for optimization. Discrete LQG control law has been applied to the integrated structure for real time vibration control. Performance of the sensor, the actuator, and the integrated smart structure has been demonstrated by experiments.