• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2007

The objective of present study was to examine the composition of functional components (isoflavones, phytic acid, and saponin) in hypocotyls and cotyledons of six traditional Korean soybeans, namely Cheongtae, Seoritae, Jinjoori, Subaktae, Yutae, and Huktae. Three 'family' of isoflavones, as four chemical structures were present in hypocotyls and cotyledons of six soybean cultivars: the aglycones genistein, daidzein, and glycitein; the glycosides genistin, daidzin, and glycitin; the acetylglycosides 6"-O-acetylgenistin, 6"-O-acetyldaidzin, and 6"-O-acetylglycitin; and the malonylglycosides 6"-O-malonylgenistin, 6"-O-malonyldaidzin, and 6"-O-malonylglycitin. Isoflavone contents of hypocotyls and cotyledons differed among the cultivars, and glucosides and malonylglucosides accounted for more than 90% of the total phytoestrogens, with the remaining $1\sim7%$ taken up by aglycones. Concentrations of isoflavones in cotyledons were approximately about $10\sim20%$ of respective hypocotyls. Contents of phytic acids in hypocotyls and cotyledons of the selected soybean cultivars were $1.21\sim1.70%$ and $2.59\sim3.01%$, respectively. Hypocotyls of Seoritae showed the lowest content of phytic acid with 1.21%, while cotyledons of Cheongtae showed the highest content with 3.01%. The sapogenol concentrations ranged from $13.58mg/100g\sim20.82mg/100g$ for hypocotyls and $0.95mg/100g\sim2.55mg/100g$ for cotyledons showing that concentrations of saponin are $7\sim10$ times higher in hypocotyls than in cotyledons of respective soybeans. For both hypocotyls and cotyledons the sapogenol A were present in higher concentrations than soyasapogenol B.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2005

Phytic acid chelates excellently the metallic ions and the positive ions, especially has high affinity with $Fe^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$. Merits of phytic acid can be taked in easily, edibile and harmless to body, so it was investigated that phytic acid can be substituted for EDTA in this study. 1. The Intensificative effect of chelating agent and disinfective osmotic shock of Vibrio vulnificus The number of initial existent fungi measured $1.7{\times}10^6$. The percentages of the survival fungi against the osmotic shock by distillated water were calculated at 1 minute, 3 minute and 5 minute after inoculation. The percentages of the survival fungi in $Mg^{2+}$ were 92.5%, 91.8% and 79.8% at each time, the average percentage was 88%. Also the sudden extinction was observed around 1 minute after inoculation and the survival fungi were not observed from 3 through 5 minute in spite of repeated experimentation. 2. Influence of Vibrio vulnificus on the survival of the mice. The first mouse started to die in 180 minute after inoculation in case that the inoculating number was $2.3{\times}10^7cfu/ml$. All died within 4.5 hour. The average of survival time was 226 minute. The first mouse started to die in 228 minute after inoculation in case that the inoculating number was $0.8{\times}10^6cfu/ml$. All died within 5 hour. The average of survival time was 300 minute and the survival time was 1.3 times high. The tendencies of death in two cases were similar, but the fatal rate were largely dependent on inoculating number.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.2363-2368
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• 2007

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with phytic acid (PA) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were investigated by voltammetric methods in buffer solution. The PA-SWNTs/GCE-modified electrode demonstrated substantial enhancements in electrochemical sensitivity and selectivity towards dopamine (DA) in the presence of L-ascorbic acid (AA). The PA-SWNTs films promoted the electron transfer reaction of DA, while the PA film, acting as a negatively charged linker, combined with the positively charged DA to induced DA accumulation in the film at pH under 7.4. However, the PA film restrained the electrochemical response of the negatively charged AA due to the electrostatic repulsion. The anodic peak potentials of DA and AA could be separated by electrochemical techniques, and the interferences from AA were effectively eliminated in the DA determination. Linear calibration plots were obtained in the DA concentration range of 0.1-10 μM and the detection limit of the DA oxidation current was determined to be 0.06 μM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The results indicated that the modified electrode is used to determine DA without interference from AA.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.6 s.90
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• pp.844-849
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• 2005

The chemical composition of isoflavone, oligosaccharide and phytic acid content of three Korean soybeans, Hwanggumkong, Yakkong and Huktae cultivars, were examined. Moisture, crude fat, crude protein and ash content of soybean seeds were all in the ranges of 10.9-$12.5\%$, 15.8-$20.8\%$, 36.5-$41.1\%$ and 5.4-$5.6\%$ respectively, showing differences among the cultivars. Methionine, cystein and histidine were the minor components of soybean protein and ratio of methionine to the total proteins showed significant varietal differences. The main fatty acids of total lipids were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids, which comprised over $80\%$ of the total fatty acids. Yakkong, Hwanggumkong and Hukae contained 2491.4 $\mu$g, 2176.8 $\mu$g and 1893.5$\mu$g of isoflavone in each gram of dry matter, respectively, and existed mainly as glycoside isomers. Oligosaccharide contents were similar among the cultivars. The total concentration of phytic acid was $2.63\%$ of Hwanggumkong, $2.12\%$ of Yakkong and $2.80\%$ of Huktae.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.893-902
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of extracts from the seeds of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fructus (GJE) found in Namhae, Korea. Extraction was performed using three solvents, 70% methanol, Distilled Water (DW), and Ethyl Acetate (EA). We determined the total phenol and phytic acid contents of the extracts to evaluate their nitrogen oxide scavenging activity, antioxidant activity, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition ability. The phytic acid content of GJE was found to be 1.157 mg PAE (Phytic Acid Equivalent) /g DW. The yields of the three extraction processes were as follows: DW, 36.61%; 70% methanol, 30.10%; and EA, 20.40%. The physiological activities of the extract solvents increased significantly with increasing concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/mL) (p<0.05), but were lower than those of ascorbic acid, BHA, and trolox. Total phenol content was the highest in the 70% methanol extract, followed by DW and EA extracts. Further, nitrogen oxide scavenging activity and antioxidant activity were the highest for the 70% methanol extract followed by DW and EA extracts. Based on these results, the bioactivities of the 70% methanol and DW extracts of GJ seeds were excellent. These extracts can be used as natural antioxidants.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1678-1686
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• 2021

In this study, we prepared phosphorous flame-retarding coating solutions by mixing triphosphate (3 phosphonate), phytic acid (6 phosphonate), or ammonium polyphosphate (10 phosphonate) with boric acid as a crosslinking agent and acryl resin binder. Prepared phosphorous flame-retarding coating solutions were coated onto non-woven fabrics, respectively, to obtain high flame-retarding effects. These prepared flame-retardant non-woven fabrics were evaluated using smoke density standard test (ASTM E662), limit oxygen index standard test (ISO E622), and vertical burning standard test (UL 94). Their flame-retarding effects were affected by the number of phosphonate groups. Regardless of natural or synthetic binder resins, their effects showed the following order: ammonium polyphosphate > phytic acid > triphosphate. Natural hydrocarbon compounds were also examined to determine the possible retardancy of binder resins. Results showed that natural hydrocarbon binder resins could be used for preparing fire-retardant nonwoven fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 1989

In this study, effect of heat treatment on phytic acid, phosphorus compounds, and minerals in Korean soybean varieties was investigated. Results were summarized as follwo: 1. In the soybeans tested, protein content ranged from 34.6 to 44.6%, lipid content from 15.4 to 20.2%, fiber content from 4.8 to 6.1% and ash content from 4.5 to 5.9%. 2. Content range for phytic acid in soybean varieties was 1,300 to 1,542mg/100g and its mean was measured 1,392mg/100g. With increasing of the temperature, the phytic acid tends to be destroyed, especially at 6$0^{\circ}C$ the loss was averaged about 20%. 3. Total phosphorus content in soybean ranged from 607 to 681mg/100g and the decending order of phosphors content in soybean varieties was Millyang > Hwangkeum > Kwangkyo > Danyoup > Hill > Jangyoup. It was also destroyed with increasing temperature. 4. Phytate phosphorus content range in soybean was from 315.6 to 318.0mg/100g and decreased with increasing temperature. 5. Inorganic phosphorus content ranged from 95.5 to 110.0mg/100g and it was increased by temperature rising among soybean varieties. 6. Phytate phosphorus to total phosphorus ratio ranged from 5.2 to 5.7 and decreased by temperature rising. 7. The content of nonphytate phosphorus varied widely between soybean varieties and decreased with temperature increase. 8. The content of calcium, iron and magnesium ranged from 15.7 to 25.7mg/100g from 8.8 to 16.8mg/100g and from 121.9 to 143.6mg/100g respectively. The content of Mg showed small difference among soybean varieties. The change of mineral content with heat treatment in soybean did not give any meaningful change mineral content.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.258-262
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• 2007

The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the popular isoflavone-rich soybean 'agakong' in upland and in drained-paddy fields. Analysis revealed no significant variation in terms of plant height, number of seeds per pod, number of nodes, and 100-seed weight between the two cropping system. Number of pods was significantly higher in paddy field(234.2kg 10a$^{-1}$) compared to those harvested in the upland field, which was later manifested on the yield where paddy soybeans obtained 278.1kg 10a$^{-1}$ whereas upland only obtained 179.3kg 10a$^{-1}$. This observed difference in yield was attributed to the observed higher amount of N in the paddy soil (0.907%) as compared to the upland soil (0.458%). In terms of nutritional content, protein and phytic acid contents were the only parameters that showed significant differences while oil, sugar, reducing power and fatty acids were all comparable in paddy and filed condition. Protein content was higher in upland soil (47.4%) than that of the paddy (44.9%) soil. On the opposite, phytic acid was higher in paddy (2.90%) than in upland (1.09%). This study showed that the yield of soybean is generally a factor of soil N, drained-paddy field production of soybean is comparable to upland-filed production with the benefit of increasing phytic acid content while maintaining its nutritional value.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 1997

Phytase(myo-inositol hexkisphosphate phosphohydrolase ; EC 3.1.3.8) was purified from the mucoas of rat intestinal. The molecular weight of enzyme was determined to be 160kDa by sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. Analysis of the purified enzyme o SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) showen that it was composed of two different subunits and the molecular weight of its subunit was found to be 70kDa and 90kDa respectively, indicating that this enzyme is hetrodimer. The enzyme activities were activated in the presence of $ MgCl_{2}$, but inhibited by $ZnCl_{2}$, $MnCl_{2}$, and EDTA. The substrates tested, phytase showed the highest affinity for the enzyme at the physiological ph. The Km value for phytic acid(inositol-hexakisphosphate)was 0.31 mM at pH 7.4. rat intestinal mucosa phytase seems to play an important in the metabolism of inositol.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1700-1704
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• 2010

This study was investigated the changes of chemical components in winter cereal crops before and after germination for development of functional foods. The contents of general composition (crude protein, lipid, and ash), phytic acid, free sugar, mineral, and fatty acid were analyzed. Crude ash content was slightly decreased after germination but protein contents was slightly increased in oats after germination. Phytic acid content showed the highest increase from 1.09 to 1.56 mg/g in oats after germination. Glucose contents of rye and wheat increased 6 and 3.5 folds after germination, respectively. Also, maltose contents of oat and wheat increased 7.4 and 5.5 folds, respectively. Major fatty acids were palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. After germination, palmitic acid and linoleic acid decreased while oleic acid increased in oats and barley. Further studies are needed to investigate the functional components and biological properties of winter cereal crops after germination.