• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

As more and more people desire to live in an apartment complex with a comfortable outdoor space, many construction company became interested in outdoor design. In order to increase the use of outdoor space and create the most pleasant environment, outdoor thermal environment and comfort should be evaluated quantitatively from the design stage. This study utilized ENVI-met 3.1 model to analyze outdoor thermal environment in apartment complex, and evaluated outdoor thermal comfort in 6 points of apartment complex. The physiologically equivalent temperature(PET) was employed as a outdoor thermal index. Playground B had a poor thermal environment with the maximum PET $43^{\circ}C$ (Very hot). Because shading by building and tree didn't affect outdoor thermal environment of playground B. To design comfortable outdoor space from the view point of thermal environment, the factors influencing Mean radiant temperature(MRT) and wind speed should be considered in design stage. Since it is difficult to control outdoor thermal environment compared with indoor environment, we should take into account an assessment for outdoor thermal environment and comfort in outdoor design stage.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.55-71
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• 2013

This study assessed the thermal comfort of new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (Ilsan, Bundang, Dongtan1) using PET (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) which refers to real human heat stress. The relationship between PET and urban spatial elements was also analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The study results show that the thermal comfort of Dongtan 1, which is considering a reduction of the urban heat island effect in the planning phase, is higher than other cities. In addition, through regression results, the impervious ratio, floor area ratio, commercial area ratio, and residential area ratio were found to be major factors increasing PET. Moreover, the river area ratio and NDVI were found to be major factors decreasing PET. This study has scientific significance as research that focuses on the assessment of thermal comfort scientifically and definitely, by estimating PET for an entire urban area using GIS analysis that included remote sense analysis and the wind field model. The results of this study can be used in preparing more effective urban plans for the promotion of citizen thermal comfort.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.839-851
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• 2016

The effect of weather on disease was investigated based on results reported in academic papers. Weather-sensitive disease was selected by analyzing the frequency distributions of diseases and correlations between diseases and meteorological factors (e.g., temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind speed). Correlations between disease and meteorological factors were most frequently reported for myocardial infarction (MI) (28%) followed by chronic ischemic heart disease (CHR) (12%), stroke (STR) (10%), and angina pectoris (ANG) (5%). These four diseases had significant correlations with temperature (meaningful correlation for MI and negative correlations for CHR, STR, and ANG). Selecting MI, as a representative weather-sensitive disease, and summarizing the quantitative correlations with meteorological factors revealed that, daily hospital admissions for MI increased approximately 1.7%-2.2% with each $1^{\circ}C$ decrease in physiologically equivalent temperature. On the days when MI occurred in three or more patients larger daily temperature ranges ($2.3^{\circ}C$ increase) were reported compared with the days when MI occurred in fewer than three patients. In addition, variations in pressure (10 mbar, 1016 mbar standard) and relative humidity (10%) contributed to an 11%-12% increase in deaths from MI and an approximately 10% increase in the incidence of MI, respectively.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 2018

This study measured the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) of the hottest day time in a day, in order to verify the characteristics of human thermal comfort in case of heat wave during summer time in each region, by subdividing the urban areas in accordance with the climatic characteristics with the use of Local Climate Zone (LCZ) as a method of classifying the type of urban climate and the land cover map, targeting the Homaesil residential development district in Suwon. In the results of measurement, the forest and paddy field showed the moderate heat stress while the urban park showed the strong heat stress. Other developed areas showed the extreme heat stress. Such results show the possibility of institutional utilization for the improvement of human thermal comfort through the verification of climatic characteristics and differences in each type of urban areas, and the efficient placement of green infrastructure and the planning of land use to cope with the heat wave even in the planning stage for the establishment of urban planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.12-20
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate human thermal comfort by spatial structure and to explore solutions to improve the thermal environment of a small urban space. The study site was Korea University campus. Thermal conditions were measured to evaluate the quality of the thermal environment in each type of space within the study site. Micrometeorology measurements, analysis of space characteristics for using fish-eye lens photography, and thermal comfort modeling through the use of collected meteorological data, such as temperature and humidity, were performed. Results showed that the level of thermal comfort for humans differs depending on the types of space within the study site. Thermal comfort is better in open spaces than enclosed in the aspect of radiative mean temperature, Predicted Mean Vote(PMV), and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature(PET). This fact is probably due to shadows or buildings or trees that may block solar radiation. Thus, it is necessary to consider the spatial arrangements of buildings and trees to enhance openness and ventilation in the space. Paving materials and exterior building materials should also be selected to lower the radiant temperature. Given these results, a quantitative evaluation on human thermal comfort could propose a way to plan user comfortable small urban spaces. Study methods used and results provided in the study can promote a better way for urban space planning direction to improve environmental quality.