• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.633-640
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• 1995

The trends in nursing practice are not disease-oriented approaches but holistic, humanistic approaches such as human touch, which is an easily applied, economic, and efficient intervention. The purposes of this paper were to clarify the meaning of the concept "touch" to define the precise attributes of “touch” which could be a basis for nursing interventions. This study uses Walker & Avant's process of concept analysis. The concept of touch can be defined as follows : Touch is a process of communication and physical contact with intention, which is transfered by tactile senses. Attributes of touch are defined as 1) It is transferred by tactile senses. 2) A process of communication 3) A expressive pathway of emotion 4) It has intention. Antecedents of "touch" consist that 1) the touch provider understands the touch receiver's perception of past experiences of touch : 2) the touch provider is concerned about the touch receiver and comes up to the touch receiver : 3) the touch provider wants to deliver his /her emotions ; 4) the touch receiver needs the ability to differentiate the tactile senses. In regard to the consequences of touch, it is expected to keep the touching action between the touch provider and receiver, to feel empathy, to able to perceive the consumer's needs, to feel comfort, intimacy, trust, and to calm down the physiological variables. That is performing the nursing as a caring science.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.512-522
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• 2012

This study examined the work environment and wearing conditions of industrial protective clothing in shipbuilding workshops. It also investigated the relationship between the wearing sensation of industrial protective clothing and overall comfort, according to work process. In addition, the work posture according to work process was evaluated based on ergonomic factors. The wearing rate of industrial protective clothing was 73.3%, 66.7%, and 60.1% for workers engaged in welding, grinding, and painting, respectively. The harmful work environment factors, listed from most harmful to least harmful, were found to be high temperature pyrogens, noxious fumes, organic solvents, UV rays, and heavy dust. The aspect of wearing performance of industrial protective clothing that was most related to user dissatisfaction was poor sweat absorbency. In terms of the correlation between the overall comfort and the wearing sensation of industrial protective clothing, the satisfaction was low shown in orders of physiological comfort, sensual comfort, and movement comfort.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7069-7074
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• 2013

Programmed cell death is a basic cellular process that is critical to maintaining tissue homeostasis. In contrast to apoptosis, necrosis was previously regarded as an unregulated and uncontrollable process. However, as research has progressed, necrosis, also known as necroptosis or programmed necrosis, is drawing increasing attention, not least becasu of its possible impications for cancer research. Necroptosis exhibits a unique signaling pathway that requires the involvement of receptor interaction protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIP1 and RIP3), mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) and can be specifically inhibited by necrostatins. Not only does necroptosis serve as a backup cell death program when apoptosis is inhibited, but it is now recognized to play a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes and the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases such as ischemic brain injury, immune system disorders and cancer. The control of necroptosis by various defined trigger factors and signaling pathways now offers the opportunity to target this cellular process for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this paper is to review current findings concerning the connections between various trigger factors and the RIP1/RIP3 signaling pathway as it relates to necroptosis.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

In this article we introduce computer models that have been developed in the past to determine the concentration of metabolic gases, the oxygen and carbon dioxide, along the pulmonary circulation. The terminal concentration of these gases in the arterial blood is related with the total change of the partial pressure of the same gases in the alveoli for the time beginning with inspiration and ending with expiration. It is affected not only by the ventilation-perfusion ratio and the gas diffusion capacity of the lung membrane but also by the pulmonary defect such as shunt, dead space, diffusion impairment and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Some pathological pulmonary symptoms such as ARDS and CDPD can be understood through the mathematical models of these pulmonary dysfunctions. Quantitative study on the blood oxygenation process using various computer models is therefore of foremost importance in order to monitor not only the pulmonary health but also the cardiac output and cell metabolism. Reviewed in this paper include the basic and advanced methods that enable numerical study on the gas exchange and on the arterial oxygenation process, which might depend on the various heart and lung physiological conditions listed above.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2005

Plants dissipate excess excitation energy from their photosynthetic apparatus by a process called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The major part of NPQ is energy dependent quenching (qE) which is dependent on the thylakoid pH and regulated by xanthophyll cycle carotenoids associated with photosystem (PS) II of higher plants. The acidification of the lumen leads to protonation and thus conformational change of light harvesting complex (LHC) proteins as well as PsbS protein of PSII, which results in the induction of qE. Although physiological importance of qE has been well established, the mechanistic understanding is rather insufficient. However, recent finding of crystal structure of LHCII trimer and identification of qE mutants in higher plants and algae enrich and sharpen our understanding of this process. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the qE mechanism. The nature of quenching sites and components involved in this process, and their contribution and interaction for the generation of qE appeared in the proposed models for the qE mechanism are discussed.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.27-31
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• 1993

Certain bacterial species possess the capability of differentiation through several morphogenetic changes which enable them to adapt to certain internal and external stimuli(Losick and Shapiro 1984). Upon induction, cells of A. vinelandii undergo a morphological process which leads to the production of one cyst per cell (Sadoff, 1975). The cysts are considerably resistant to desiccation, which confers a survival advantages upon the organism(Socolofsky and Wyss 1962). Like other prokaryotic differentiations encystment provides a relatively simple model of cellular differentiation. Like in other differentiating bacteria, vegetative growth can be separated from differentiation. Furthermore, the differentiation cycle can be synchronized by specific inducer. There have been a great deal of morphological and physiological studies on this process. However, the mechanisms used to regulate cell differentiation can be clearly defined by careful genetic analysis of the process. Unfortunately, A. vinelandii has proven to be difficult for genetic analysis (Sadoff 1975). For example, it has been shown that a variety of metabolic mutants of Azotobacter speicies are difficult to isolate after mutagenesis with chemical mutagens or UV irradiation. Nevertheless recent advances in molecular genetics in Azotobacter species, especially in the nitrogen fixation research area, appear to be able to overcome this difficulty (Robinson et al. 1986; Kennedy et al. 1986).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.479-482
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• 2002

Jookrhyuk (Bambusae Caulis in Liqamen) is one of the most important ingredients for treating Diabetes mellitus. Various aspects of quality of Jookrhyuk produced in Korea depending on carbonization process were compared. The pH Value was the highest in Jinyoungsangsa Jookrhyuk(pH 3.17) among the three different Jookrhyuk samples. Damyangsan Jookrhyuk that contains high level of total sugars(8.0 Brix, %) show incresed level of tar contents, it exhibited positive realationship between total sugar and tar contents. Concentration of methanol and phenolic compounds which are related to toxicity were the highest in Damyangsan Jookrhyuk(1.34㎎/㎖, 3.84㎎/㎖ respectively). The harmful heavy elements were not found in the evaluated Jookrhyuk samples. In coclusion, it was suggested that Bambusae Caulis in Liqamen should be further puryfied for using as main oral medicines for treating Diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

This study is a report on the restoration process and future projects involving the restoration of the medical records from 1914 to 1974. Cheong-Gang Young-Hoon Kim was born in 1882 and passed away in 1974. His times were the times when Korean Traditional Medicine was being neglected due to the introduction of Western Medicine through Japan. During this time Young-Hoon Kim put much effort into the Korean Traditional Medicine Restoration Movement and left over 150,000 medical records while consistently examining patients. Currently, this data can be found at the College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University and is being compiled into a database as a part of the 2007 Knowledge of Oriental Medicine Web Service Project. The Preface and Chapter 1 introduce the author and the contents of the Cheong-Gang Medical Records, and Chapter 2 briefly discusses the necessity of providing digitalization and modernization to the medical records. Chapter 3 discusses the preservation process of the original medical records, chapter 4 describes the process of restoring and providing web access to the contents of the medical records, and chapter 5describes the main purpose of the medical records as well as future projects and an outlook involving the Knowledge of Oriental Medicine Web Service Project.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.211-221
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• 2012

The process of embryo implantation requires physical contact and physiological communication between the conceptus trophectoderm and the maternal uterine endometrium. During the peri-implantation period in pigs, the conceptus undergoes significant morphological changes and secretes estrogens, the signal for maternal recognition of pregnancy. Estrogens secreted from the conceptus act on uterine epithelia to redirect $PGF_2{\alpha}$, luteolysin, secretion from the uterine vasculature to the uterine lumen to prevent luteolysis as well as to induce expression of endometrial genes that support implantation and conceptus development. In addition, conceptuses secrete cytokines, interferons, growth factors, and proteases, and in response to these signals, the uterine endometrium produces hormones, protease inhibitors, growth factors, transport proteins, adhesion molecules, lipid molecules, and calcium regulatory molecules. Coordinated interactions of these factors derived from the conceptus and the uterus play important roles in the process of implantation in pigs. To better understand mechanism of implantation process in pigs, this review provides information on signaling molecules at the conceptus-uterine interface during early pregnancy, including recently reported data reported.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.374-380
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• 2011

Earlier in Korea Kimchi was made in every family and every province has own taste and specialties. These days almost of the Kimchis are manufactured. We collected variable Kimchis, which were made for private use and isolated microorganisms. Some interesting micobial cells were identified and studied for its application as food and drinks. One of them was identified as Lactobacillus sakei KJ123. This strain is known as producing interesting aromatic components during Sakei fermentation like Kimchi in variable conditions. We tried to develop a health beverage with fermentation process. The Cucurbita maxima has been known as a traditional healthy food and variable positive effects on the human body were already reported. In this study we tried to develop a production process for a healthy fermented drink on this substrate with strains originated from Kimchi. Many kinds of lacctobacilli species existed in the fermented food cannot survive in the acidic conditions like human stomach. So we selected resisting strains in this conditions. The survival rate of Lactobacillus sakei cells in the artificial gastric juice and bile acid and other physiological characteristics at the variable conditions have been tested. After fermentation process some sensory tests on the product with panels were tried.