• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.381-384
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Previous studies reported changes in the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint angle in relation with and without weight bearing, but it is unclear whether sesamoid bone of the great toe changes in weight bearing conditions particularly in subjects with hallux valgus (HV). To investigate how weight bearing conditions can affect the position of the medial sesamoid bone (MSB), first MTP joint angle, and second intermetatarsal angle (IMA) in the recruited subjects. Methods: Subjects were recruited 24 with HV and 21 without HV in study. X-rays were taken in the weight bearing and non-weight bearing conditions. The distance of the MSB, first MTP joint angle, and second IMA were measured from the radiographs. Data were analyzed by paired and Independent t-test. The statistical significance level was p<0.05. Results: In both groups, the first MTP joint angles and the distance of the MSB were significantly smaller, while the second IMA was significantly greater in the weight bearing condition. The difference in the distance of the MSB between the two postures was significantly greater in the group with HV. Conclusion: Weight bearing can affect the first MTP joint angle, second IMA, and position of the MSB; the change in the position of the MSB in weight bearing was greater in the group with hallux valgus. The difference in these variables between weight bearing and non-weight bearing conditions may be considered when measuring HV.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.134-141
• /
• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare with different distance across three conditions in stroke survivors with the grading of cognitive state. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twelve stroke patients who agreed to active participation were included. Participants were allotted to normal cognitive (CN) group (n=7) and cognitive impairment (CI) group (n=5) and then walked on a self-paced walkway at three conditions on the Time Up and Go (TUG) test and the 6 minute walk test (6MWT): 1) walking with your comfortable speed, 2) walking while carrying a tray with glasses, 3) walking with a verbal cognitive task. The TUG test was repeated three successful times on each condition. For the 6MWT, participants were tested one time. Results: The CI group walked slower than the CN group at the three conditions on the TUG test. However, there was no significant difference between two groups to each condition. A significant effect of dual tasking was found only in error of verbal cognitive task condition for the TUG test (p<0.05). On the 6MWT, the participants in the CI group walked short distance rather than the CN group (p<0.05). There were significant differences between two groups not only at all conditions but also at error of verbal cognitive task condition as well (p<0.05). Conclusions: To consider the results of different distances such as the TUG test and the 6MWT, we think that exercises in long distance would be more effective to patients with CI. Those would be improved patient's endurance in cognitive problem.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined training on the physical fitness of male short distance athletes. Methods: Combined training was applied with CLT and isokinetric training three times a week for eight weeks. For CLT, elastic bands were used in the sitting and standing positions to gradually increase sprint and skating movements. Isokinetic training was conducted at $60^{\circ}/sec$ and $180^{\circ}/sec$ to improve muscle strength and muscle power. Results: After the application of combined training, strength (hand force) improved from 42.25 kg to 47.30 kg. Muscle power for standing long jump improved from 240.00 cm to 248.80 cm, while the sergeant jump improved from 55.00 cm to 58.00 cm. Isokinetic testing showed that muscle strength ($60^{\circ}/sec$) improved from 315.65 %BW to 365.79 %BW for the left extensor and from 306.60 %BW to 325.00 %BW for the right extensor. The left flexor improved from 177.23 %BW to 189.47 %BW, but the right flexor decreased slightly from 210.87 %BW to 201.53 %BW. Muscle power ($180^{\circ}/sec$) improved from 254.00 %BW to 293.00 %BW for the left extensor and from 256.00 %BW to 272.00 %BW for the right extensor. The left flexor improved from 150.00 %BW to 162.00 %BW and the right flexor from 145.25 %BW to 182.00 %BW. Conclusion: Combined training could be used as a physical training program for male short distance athletes.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2022

Background: The cross-body and the sleeper stretches have been used to improve posterior shoulder tightness (PST). However, such stretching techniques may not always help achieve scapular stability and may even aggravate patient's symptoms. Therefore, a new stretching technique (passive glenohumeral internal rotation with bridging) was developed as a more effective method that may allow for greater scapular stability without aggravating the symptoms. Thus, this study aimed to examine and compare this novel stretching technique to determine its effect on the range of motion (ROM) and acromio-humeral distance (AHD) in patients with glenohumeral internal rotation deficits (GIRD) with posterior shoulder tightness. Methods: A total of 30 symptomatic patients with asymmetrical GIRD were randomly assigned to two groups: the novel stretching group (n=15) and the joint mobilization group (n=15). The intervention was conducted twice a week for a total of four weeks. The ROM of shoulder internal rotation was measured by a goniometer and the AHD was evaluated by an X-ray before and after the intervention. Results: Both the treatments improved ROM and AHD in patients with GIRD (p<.05). However, the improvements in internal rotation ROM and AHD in the novel stretching group were significantly greater than that of the subjects in the mobilization group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p<.05). Conclusion: These results show that both novel stretching and joint mobilization improved ROM and AHD in patients with GIRD with PST. However, novel stretching was more effective than joint mobilization.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.312-316
• /
• 2022

The article provides a theoretical substantiation of the pedagogical interaction of the subjects of the educational process in the context of distance learning; taking into account the identified features of the implementation of pedagogical interaction defined teaching methods in distance learning; a course has been developed that reveals the features of the pedagogical interaction of participants in the educational process in conditions of distance learning. To solve the tasks and check starting points, a set of methods was used: theoretical: analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literature, dissertation research, curricula, analysis of the conceptual and terminological system; empirical: questioning, conversation, self-diagnosis.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제22권9호
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to determine the features of the application of modern technologies for the development of distance education. The global process of transition to the information society, as well as the economic, political and social changes that accompany it, are accelerating the reform of the higher education system, in which distance education occupies a special place. Based on the results of the study, the main features of the use of modern technologies for the development of distance education are characterized. Future research should be devoted to investigating the impact of Industry 4.0 on the education system.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.359-364
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 관광객의 거리지각이 관광지선택행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 이를 통해 지역관광지 활성화를 위한 마케팅 전략수립에 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과 거주지에 따라 심리적 거리지각에 차이가 있었으며, 성별, 직업에 따라 관광지선택행동에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 심리적 거리지각은 관광지선택행동 중 여행능력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 심리적 거리지각이 관광지선택행동에 영향을 미친다는 것을 분석한 학문적 의의와 함께 지역관광지 마케팅 전략 수립을 위한 새로운 기초정보를 제공했다는 실무적 의의를 갖는다.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2004

안경을 착용한 고등학생 (17~19세) 남녀 150명을 대상으로 안경착용으로 인한 불편감과 안경의 관리 방법 등에 관한 설문지 조사를 실시하여 안경이 갖추어야 할 여러 요건 중에서 안경의 경사각, 정점간 거리, 광학중심 높이, 동공 간 거리등을 중심으로 하여 안경의 착용상태를 관찰해 다음과 같은 연구결과를 얻었다. 1. 안경착용자의 과거에 착용한 안경의 역학적 불편감으로는 코와 귀의 압박감이 34%, 안경의 흘러내림 30%, 시각적 불편감으로는 시력저하 30%, 안정피로 20%로 나타났다. 2. 현재 착용하고 있는 안경의 역학적 및 시각적 불편감은 압박감 50%, 흘러내림 30%, 칼라10%로 나타났다. 3. 비정시의 종류로 볼 때 안경착용자 중 근시가 56.7%, 나머지는 근시성 난시였으며 연구대상자의 60%는 양안 도수가 일치하지 않았다. 4. 착용안경의 경사각을 분석해 본 결과, 양안이 동일한 경우는 66.7%로 나타났고 평균 착용안경 경사각은 $10.07^{\circ}$로 나타났다. 5. 안경착용자의 정점간 거리를 분석한 결과, 양안의 정점간 거리가 통일한 경우는 65.3%로 나타났으며, 연구대상자의 정점간 거리는 평균 13.6 mm로 나타났다. 6. 연구대상자 150명의 단안에서 착용안경의 광학중심 높이와 착용자의 동공중심에서 대의 하부 rim까지의 수직거리가 RAL-RG915의 조제가공 허용오차범위 내에 있는 82안(54.6%)으로 나타났다. 7. 대상자 150명의 단안에서 착용 안경렌즈의 광학중심간 수평거리와 착용자의 동공중심간 거리가 RAL-RG915의 조제가공의 허용오차 범위 안에 86안(57.3%)로 나타났다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2014

The purposes of the current study were to (1) estimate the inter-rater agreement for visual assessment of scapular downward rotation (SDR), (2) develop the scapular downward rotation index (SDRI) as a method to measure SDR objectively and quantitatively, and (3) analyze the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the SDRI. Twenty subjects with scapular downward rotation syndrome (SDRS) were recruited for this study. The visual assessment and the measurement for the SDRI were conducted by two examiners in two sessions each. The SDRI [$(a-b){\div}a{\times}100$] is calculated with the measurement of two linear distances: One is a perpendicular distance from the root of the scapular spine to the thoracic mid-line (a), and the other is a perpendicular distance from the inferior angle of the scapula to the thoracic mid-line (b). Cohen's kappa coefficient was calculated to estimate the inter-rater agreement for visual assessment. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), the standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable differences were calculated to assess intra- and inter-rater reliability of SDR measurement using the SDRI. The results indicated that the kappa coefficient of inter-rater agreement for visual assessment was fair (${\kappa}=.21$). The intra-rater reliability of SDR measurement using the SDRI was excellent for examiner 1 (ICC=.92, 95% CI=.78~.97) and good for examiner 2 (ICC=.82, 95% CI=.55~.93). The inter-rater reliability was moderate (ICC=.73, 95% CI=.32~.89). These findings showed that SDR measurement using the SDRI for subjects with SDRS may be considered reliable and better than the visual assessment.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2015

Purpose : This study examines the effect of trunk stabilization program on the body balance, lung capacity, and muscular activity of the rectus abdominis and external oblique of healthy adults. Method : A survey was conducted for 20 students of K University located in the city of Y in Gyeongsangbuk-do Province of Korea. The trunk stabilization program consisted of a hollowing exercise, curl-up, bridging exercise, and birddog exercise. This was performed 14 times in total (7 times a week for two weeks). For analysis, good balance was used to measure both static and dynamic balancing ability. A peak flow meter was used to measure the maximum expiratory flow, and MP150 was used to measure muscular activity of the rectus abdominis and external oblique. Result : After the trunk stabilization program, the participants showed a difference in score and time taken to achieve static and dynamic balance, and muscular activity of the rectus abdominis and external oblique at a statistically significant level (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the left-to-right distance and front-to-back distance in a dynamic balance, and the lung capacity (p>0.05). Conclusion : The results showed that the trunk stabilization program was effective in enhancing both static and dynamic balancing ability and muscular activity. It also increased the lung capacity although the change was not at a statistically significant level.