• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.403-410
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• 2023

Objectives: To confirm the awareness of child abuse and attitudes toward mandatory reporting among dental hygiene students in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions. Methods: The level of awareness of child abuse according to general characteristics, attitudes toward reporting obligation, and awareness of the mandatory reporting system were analyzed using t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis, and correlation was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Awareness of child abuse was 3.76, 3.68, 3.67, and 3.18 points for neglect, sexual abuse, physical, and emotional abuse, respectively. The attitude toward reporting obligation were 3.60 and 2.62 points for positive and negative reporting attitudes, respectively. Regarding awareness of child abuse, a significant positive correlation was observed between positive reporting attitude (r=0.326, p<0.01) and awareness of mandatory reporting system (r=0.272, p<0.01). Conclusions: To increase the reporting rate among dental hygienists, awareness should be improved starting from the undergraduate level, perceptions of prospective dental hygienists should be reflected in the development and direction of educational programs, and it is necessary to increase accessibility to educational opportunities and continuously seek institutional and policy measures.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.173-206
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• 2017

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to address two questions: (1) To what extent are types of child abuse related to psycho-social maladjustment of the abused? (2) Do relations found in this study vary by the gender, sample size, year of publication, types of publication, and respondents' age? The materials of this study were based on 14 variables obtained from 104 published and unpublished (doctoral disserations and master's theses) research papers over a span of 26 years(1990-2016). Child abuse related variables were categorized into physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and abuse while psycho-social maladjustment grouped as internal (anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and anxiety/depression) and external problem behaviors(aggression, problem behavior, and delinquency). Major findings were: Medium effect size of emotional abuse, abuse, physical abuse, neglect on psycho-social maladjustment among the abused were calculated. Emotional abuse was highly related to every internal and external problem behaviors. Neglect was found to have higher effect size in external problem behaviors than internal problem behaviors. Publication types moderated the association between types of child abuse and internalization while year of publication, number of samples and publication types showed moderation effects on the relation between types of child abuse and externalization. Finding suggest that future studies on child sexual abuse and those on intervention outcome are required and use of well validated instruments are essential.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2019

Recently child abuse has occurred frequently in educational institutions such as daycare center and kindergarten. Therefore, government made it mandatory to install CCTVs, but it is not easy to inspect the CCTV images. In this paper, we propose a model for judging child abuse using CCTV images. First of all, child abuse is a physical abuse of children by adults, thus a model for classifying adults and children is needed. The existing Haar scheme uses the frontal image to classify adults and children. However, the OpenPose allows to classify adults and children regardless of frontal and side image. In this research, a child abuse judgment model was designed and implemented by applying characteristics of adult and child posture when a child was abused. Since the implemented system utilizes the currently installed CCTV image, it is possible to monitor the child abuse in real time without any additional installation, which enables us to cope with the abuse promptly.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.39-58
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors associated with reporting intention and behavior in relation to child abuse among elementary school teachers in Korea based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The Scale, which includes demographics, preparation level of training, school characteristics, reporting-related behavior, reporting intention, knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy, was used to collect the data. A total of 292 teachers provided data. The result of this study is as follows. First, even though the teachers had suspected the child abuse, 16.3% of them reported, whilst 83.7% of them did not. In terms of teachers' reporting intention, the vignettes of very serious cases were higher than the vignettes of less serious cases. The teachers' reporting intention of sexual abuse was the highest among the types of child abuse, and it was followed by physical abuse, neglect and emotional abuse. Second, knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy, all of these variables had positive impacts on teachers' reporting intention. Meanwhile, self-efficacy, reporting intention, and the support level of specialists also had positive impacts on reporting behavior. Additionally, women or postgraduate teachers had a higher possibility to make a report than men or undergraduate teachers. These findings suggest that increasing self-efficacy through education and more thorough training about identifying and reporting on child abuse is more important than anything else for detecting abused children at an early stage.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1181-1198
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to find the general trends of individuals, marital relation, migrated-cultural variables and abuse, and to analyze the effects of the individual, marital relation, and migrated-cultural variables on the abuse. The subjects were 174 immigrant women. The data was analyzed with frequency, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression by SPSS. The major findings were as follows; Physical abuse amongst immigrant women was significantly different according to residence and income factors, psychological abuse was dependent on residence and native country, sexual abuse was dependent on education level, and total abuse was dependent on residence and native country. The level of abuse (range 1-4) was 2.07, Psychological abuse was the highest with 2.23, physical abuse was next with 1.92 and sexual abuse was 1.78. All the abuse types were influenced by the husband's alcohol behavior, communication efficiency, marital conflict, and knowledge of Korean culture. In conclusion, it is important to protect immigrant women who have been abused. So understanding, reasonable coping, prevention programs and counseling of abuse victims were provided to immigrant women.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.44
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• pp.209-231
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• 2001

Recently, child abuse is mentioned in revised Child Welfare Law, on the other hand, elder abuse is not yet recognized as a social problem and little addressed in the field of social service. Like this, elder abuse has gotten less public and professional attention than other areas within the family abuse field. Despite the lack of attention to elder abuse, the number of elder abuse reports and incidents is likely to increase in the future. Based on the recognition that current effort and approach to elder abuse is not appropriate, this study attemped to briefly review laws and programs addressing elder abuse in the United States which have shaped in other contries. In the United States where various laws and programs that address elder abuse exit, there are incresing arguments that addressing elder abuse in the area of social service rather than in the criminal justice systems is more desirable. Because the most common form of elder abuse is not physical abuse but neglect including self-neglect. Self-neglect and neglect caused by caregivers' burden can not be addressed through criminal justice systems appropriately. From these experiences of the United States, the implications for policy, programs, and practice aimed at intervening elder abuse were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.343-356
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the domestic violence experience of military's spouses and its impacts on child abuse and child's growth retardation. Then, the social work interventions were identified to curtail domestic violence experience and its impact on family including their spouses and children. The primary data was collected in 2015 by interviewing two hundred thirty eight spouses of military personnels, the military service 3 unit, the navy service 2 unit, the airforce service 2 unit. The result showed that children of the military families experienced emotional abuse (51.4%), physical abuse (28.9%) and neglect (3.8%). And an association between childhood experience of abuse and perpetration of child abuse was found with a perfect mediation effect of family conflict. Based on the results, social welfare intervention program was suggested to reduce domestic violence among military families in South Korea.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.123-134
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• 2008

This study aimed to assess the roll of various abusive factors on suicide thoughts. In particular, the effects of negligence, physical and emotional abuse, as the subordinate variables of abuse, were examined on suicide ideation. In addition, the mediation effects of shame-proneness and friendships were also investigated. To achieve these specific objectives, subordinate dimensions of abuse such as negligence, physical abuse and emotional abuse were measured for 277 male and 275 female students from Seoul middle schools using a measurement tool. Specifically, experiences of being abused and neglected, the level of suicide thoughts using scale for suicidal ideation (SSI), the level of shame-proneness and friendships using personal feelings questionnaire-2(PFQ-2), and schoolmate relationships were measured using a questionnaire. Analysis of collected data revealed that while suicide thoughts showed significant positive relationship with abuse and shame-proneness, there was a significant negative relationship between suicide thoughts and friendships. In particular, negligence, physical abuse and emotional abuse had significant effects on suicide ideation, while emotional abuse had the greatest effect on suicide ideation. Shame-proneness and friendships partially mediated abuse and suicide thoughts. The findings of this study have contributed to understanding of factors related to suicide thoughts. In particular, the mediation effects of shame-proneness and friendships have been highlighted.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.39-50
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• 1998

This study investigated the relationship between the types of parental abuse and maladjustmental behaviors of adolescents. The subjects were 448 junior and senior middle school students. Statistics were frequencies, percentile, Pearson's r-coefficient, and regression analysis. The main results of this study were as follows ; 1. There were significantly positive correlation between the types of parental abuse and maladjustmental behaviors. 2. The variables, neglect, unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, and physical abuse were found to be the important variables in predicting social withdrawal. Neglect, unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, and sex of the child were found to be the important variables in predicting hyperactivity. Neglect, emotional abuse, and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents were found to be the important variables in predicting aggression. Sex of the child, emotional abuse, and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents were found to be the important variables in predicting retreat. And, neglect and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents were found to be important variables in predicting obsessive-compulsion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.832-851
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• 2020

Physical abuse is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Young children, particularly in the first year of life, are most vulnerable to physical abuse. To evaluate suspected physical abuse, radiologists play a vital role by detecting radiological findings suggestive of physical abuse and differentiating them from other pathologies. This review focuses on radiologic findings, including those for fractures, abusive head trauma, spinal injury, and thoracoabdominal injury, commonly discovered in physically abused children, with special emphasis on biomechanical forces that produce injuries.