• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2003

무선 통신과 하드웨어 설계기술의 발전으로 사용자가 휴대용 장치를 사용하여, 그들의 물리적인 위치에 상관없이 통신을 할 수 있는 이동 컴퓨팅이라는 새로운 패러다임이 생겨났다. 이러한 이동 단말기를 이용한 이동 컴퓨팅은 비연결성, 낮은 대역, 높은 대역의 가변성, 이질망과의 연결, 보안성, 저 전력, 작은 저장공간 등의 제약성을 가지고 있다. 이러한 제약중의 하나인 전원장치의 부족을 극복하기 위하여 두 노드간의 거리에 따라 송신전력을 조정하는 방식인 전력 조절 라우팅 기법(Power Adaption Routing Scheme)이 사용된다. 기존 알고리즘에서는 라우팅 경로를 찾기 위해 소비 전력만을 고려하여 다음 노드를 선택하기 때문에, 최종 목적노드로 최단 거리를 많이 이탈할 수 있고, 또한 전력소비를 최소화하기 위한 라우팅에 참여해야 하는 최적의 노드 수 보다 많은 노드가 라우팅에 참여하여 소비 전력의 낭비를 가져온다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 기존 저전력 소비 라우팅 알고리즘의 단점을 보완하여 라우팅 목적노드로의 점진적인 근접성과 최적의 라우팅 참여 노드 수를 동시에 고려한 새로운 저전력 알고리즘을 제안하고 성능을 분석하였다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.125-145
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• 2003

UDC는 UDCC의 설립을 계기로 전자판의 MRF를 중심으로 매년 추가 및 개정작업을 거듭 해왔다. 이 논문은 UDC의 지리ㆍ전기ㆍ역사류와 그와 밀접하게 관련이 있는 장소 및 시의 공통보조표를 중심으로 변천과정을 살펴보고, 최근판을 대상으로 그 전개상황과 특성을 분석하였다. 이러한 분석의 결과를 바탕으로 KDC의 역사류 개정에 참고가 될 수 있도록 지역별 역사의 전개에 있어서 조합식의 원리를 확대 적용하고, 계통지리학의 자연지리학과 인문지리학을 함께 모아 배정하며, 지역구분표의 확장과 시대구분표의 도입 방안을 제시하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.134-146
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, health promoting behavior and the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodialysis. The subjects were 86 patients undergoing hemodialysis in H hospital. The data were collected using a questionnaire. Data collection was done from January 11th to June 16th, 1999. The analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple regression using the SPSS/PC+ program. The results are as follows: 1. The mean of the level of self-esteem was 25.02, the level of health promoting behavior, 120.04 and the level of QOL, 128.09. 2. Test for hypothesis: Hypothesis 1. "The higher the level of self-esteem of the patients undergoing hemodialysis, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported(r=.296, p<.01). Hypothesis 2. "The higher the level of health promoting behavior, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported (r=.628, p<.001). 3. Health promoting behavior explained 39.5percent of QOL($R^2$=.395, F=27.040, p<.001). 4. Monthly income(F=3.85, p<.01) and marital status(F=4.64, p<.05) were significantly related to the quality of life In conclusion, this study showed that self-esteem and health promoting behavior may be important factors that can improve the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodiaysis. This study identified that nursing plans should include these factors to help physical, psychological and social adaptation of the patients undergoing hemodialysis.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.256-262
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• 1999

만성 통증은 신체적, 심리적, 사회환경적 요인들이 복합적으로 작용한 결과로서 나타나기 때문에 생물정신사회적 관점에서 접근해야 하며 치료는 다각적이고 포괄적인 체제하에서 상호 긴밀한 협력을 필요로 한다. 치료의 목표는 즉각적인 통증의 해소보다는 재활에 초점을 맞추어 환자의 활동과 기능이 증진됨에 따라 부수적으로 통증이 완화될 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. 정신과적 영역에서 만성 통증의 치료는 정신의학적 평가로부터 시작하는데 여기에는 스트레스와 연관된 통증의 정신생리적 기전과 이상 질병행동과 관련된 조작적 조건화 기전, 그리고 증상으로서 통증을 동반하거나 만성 통증에 의해서 유발되는 정신과적 질환들에 대한 평가가 포함된다. 정신과적 치료를 약물치료와 심리적 치료로 나눌 때 약물치료에는 마약성 진통제, 비스테로이드성 소염제, 향정신성약물, 항경련제 들이 포함되는데 그 중에서도 항우울제가 가장 중요한 역할을 한다. 심리적 치료로는 역동적 정신치료와 행동치료적 방법들이 있고 행동치료적 접근법에는 자가조절기법과 조작적 조건화기법 등이 포함되는데, 환자가 갖는 대인관계의 어려움, 신체적 손상, 이상 질병행동 등을 고려하여 적절한 방법을 적용하게 된다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1087-1092
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• 2009

From the environmental adaptation point of view, the clothing habits made by the thermal sensation and clothing weight of elderly women have changed according to the thermal sensation and health condition. The purpose of this study was to obtain the basic data for developing healthy and comfortable clothing for elderly women. Clothing weight, thermal sensation, clothing microclimate, resistance to cold and heat of 198 elderly women in Taejeon were surveyed from October 9, 2007 to October 19, 2007. 1. Clothing weight per body surface area was $830.4g/m^2$ of total clothing weight, $242.8g/m^2$ of underwear clothing weight, $617.3g/m^2$ of outerwear clothing weight, $419.8g/m^2$ of upper clothing weight, and $420.4g/m^2$ of lower clothing weight. 2. More than 90% of the respondents replied that they felt comfortable when the temperature inside the clothing was $33.5^{\circ}C$ and humidity inside the clothing was 30.2%. 3. The elderly women were more sensible to cold than to hot, those who felt cold had a tendency to wear heavier clothing. 4. The appeal rate for physical pain of older and lower income people, especially those with an income under 1,000,000 won, was higher than that of others. On the other hand, the lower the subjective economic level, the younger they were, and the more the monthly average income was, the higher the rate of mental pain. 5. The heavier the total clothing weight was, the higher the appeal rate for general pain.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.335-340
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• 1986

Aspergillus nid$\mu$tans 의 분생포지에는 두 종류의 $\beta$.glucosidase, 즉 tightly-bound enzyme(TBE)과 loosely-bound enzyme(LBE)이 존재한다. 포자수와 효소활성도가 정비례함을 보아 이 효소의 존재을 확인할 수 있었으며, 배양조건 하에서 의 오랜기잔 방치에도 얼정 수준의 활성을 유치하는 높은 안정성을 보였다. 분생포자에 여러가지 물리.화학적 처리를 한 뒤에도 TBE의 환성도에는 큰 변화가 없었으며, TBE의 최적 pH 및 온도는 각각 6.0, $55^{\circ}C$였다.TBE의 열안정성은 균사체의 $\beta$-glucosidase보다 높았으며, $H^{2+}$이온에 대한 내성도 비교적 높은 수준을 보였다. LBE와 균사체 $\beta$-glucosidase의 전기영동 양상이 유사한 것으후 보아 율사체와 동일한 효소가 포자의 표면에 존재후L을 알 수있었다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2015

Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is an essential component of heavy-ion accelerator. For a given design, the intensities of the highly charged ion beams extracted from the source can be increased by enlarging the physical volume of ECR zone [1]. Several models for ECR ion source were and will be constructed depending on their operating conditions [2-4]. In this paper three simulation models with 3, 4 and 6 solenoid system were built, but it's not considered anything else except the number of coils. Two groups of optimization analysis are presented, and the evolution strategy (ES) is adopted as an optimization tool which is a technique based on the ideas of mutation, adaptation and annealing [5]. In this research, the volume of ECR zone was calculated approximately, and optimized designs for ECR solenoid magnet system were presented. Firstly it is better to make the volume of ECR zone large to increase the intensity of ion beam under the specific confinement field conditions. At the same time the total volume of superconducting solenoids must be decreased to save material. By considering the volume of ECR zone and the total length of solenoids in each model with different number of coils, the 6 solenoid system represented the highest coil performance. By the way, a certain case, ECR zone volume itself can be essential than the cost. So the maximum ECR zone volume for each solenoid magnet system was calculated respectively with the same size of the plasma chamber and the total magnet space. By comparing the volume of ECR zone, the 6 solenoid system can be also made with the maximum ECR zone volume.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2009

6LoWPAN(IPv6 Low-power Wireless Personal Area Network)은 IEEE 802.15.4 표준의 MAC 및 PHY 계층을 이용하여 IPv6 패킷을 전송하는 기술이다. IP계층과 MAC계층 사이에 위치한 어뎁테이션 계층에서는 IPv6 패킷을 전송하기 위해 패킷의 단편화와 재조립을 수행한다. IETF 6LoWPAN WG 표준 문서인 RFC4944에서 패킷의 단편화와 재조립에 대하여 정의하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 6LoWPAN에서 패킷의 단편화와 재조립을 효율적으로 관리하는 IRM(Immediate Retransmission Method)과 SRM(Selective Retransmission Method)을 제안한다. IRM은 수신 노드가 하나의 단편패킷을 수신할 때마다 송신 노드에게 Ack 메시지를 전송하지만 SRM은 모든 단편 패킷을 수신한 뒤 Ack 또는 Nak 메시지를 전송한다. 이 때, Nak 메시지는 네트워크상에서 손실 된 단편패킷의 datagram_offset 값을 포함한다. 제안하는 기법의 성능 분석을 위해 C++ 언어를 이용하여 시뮬레이터를 제작하였다. 성능 분석 결과, 제안하는 기법들이 RFC4944 표준의 기법보다 좋은 성능을 보여 준다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1383-1388
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• 2012

Objectives: Regardless of its negative impact on quality of life, little is known about the importance of alopecia from the patients' perspective. This study aimed to explore the whole experience of chemotherapy-induced alopecia among Korean breast cancer patients including perception, attitudes, preparedness, and changes after alopecia. Methods: Patients expected to experience or had experienced alopecia were recruited at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were performed in 21 patients. Recurrent issues were identified and placed into thematic categories. Results: All patients think that appearance is important and they pay attention to how they look like. They had negative perceptions about alopecia. Patients were not well prepared for alopecia, and experienced substantial physical, psychological and social distress. Lack of information and limited social support combined with negative images of cancer made it difficult for patients to overcome the trauma and deterred them from usual daily activities resulting in poor quality of life. Conclusions: Patients were not well prepared for alopecia and negative perceptions, lack of preparedness, and limited social support and resources increased alopecia-related distress. Educational programs for preparing patients to cope with alopecia distress and advocate activities to change people's negative perception about alopecia are needed to reduce the burden imposed by alopecia in cancer patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2011

The objectives were to compare the ability of various rumen microbial fractions to reduce nitrate and to assess the effect of nitrate on in vitro fermentation characteristics. Physical and chemical methods were used to differentiate the rumen microbial population into the following fractions: whole rumen fluid (WRF), protozoa (Pr), bacteria (Ba), and fungi (Fu). The three nitrogen substrate treatments were as follows: no supplemental nitrogen source, nitrate or urea, with the latter two being isonitrogenous additions. The results showed that during 24 h incubation, WRF, Pr and Ba fractions had an ability to reduce nitrate, and the rate of nitrate disappearance for the Pr fraction was similar to the WRF fraction, while the Ba fraction needed an adaptation period of 12 h before rapid nitrate disappearance. The WRF fraction had the greatest methane ($CH_4$) production and the Pr fraction had the greatest prevailing $H_2$ concentration (p<0.05). Compared to the urea treatment, nitrate diminished net gas and $CH_4$ production during incubation (p<0.05), and ammonia-N ($NH_3$-N) concentration (p<0.01). Nitrate also increased acetate, decreased propionate and decreased butyrate molar proportions (p<0.05). The Pr fraction had the highest acetate to propionate ratio (p<0.05). The Pr fraction as well as the Ba fraction appears to have an important role in nitrate reduction. Nitrate did not consistently alter total VFA concentration, but it did shift the VFA profile to higher acetate, lower propionate and lower butyrate molar proportions, consistent with less $CH_4$ production by all microbial fractions.