• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of circuit weight training and aerobic exercise on the bodily formation and abdominal fat area of obese female college students. Methods : The female college students whose BMI is over $25kg/m^2$ were divided into the circuit weight training group and the aerobic exercise group and circuit weight training and aerobic exercise were conducted on the respective group five times a week. Resultlts : 1. The tendency of statistically significant reduction in weight, body fat percentage, and BMI was shown in both the circuit weight training group and the aerobic exercise group but there were no significant differences between these groups. 2. The tendency of statistically significant reduction in total abdominal fat area, and subcutaneous fat area was shown in both the circuit weight training group and the aerobic exercise group but there were no significant differences between these groups. 3. Visceral fat area was reduced more in the aerobic exercise group than in the circuit weight training group Conclusion : It was confirmed that exercise alone in the state of no dietary treatment being given could cause obese people bodily formation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.407-411
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• 2010

ALC was fabricated using cement, lime and quartzite by hydrothermal reaction. ALC has low strength and brittleness on account of inner pores. The studies for resolving these problems were driven by many researchers. Among these researches, the controls of quartzite fineness have been studied for unsuitable properties of ALC. This study experimented with variation of 90 ${\mu}m$ residue for obtain good physical properties. It was found that 90 ${\mu}m$ residue influenced on physical properties of ALC. The lower amount of 90 ${\mu}m$ residue, the higher compressive and bending strength. But the continuing decrease of 90 ${\mu}m$ residue did not cause the increase of strength. In order to application of these results in process, the states of process and hydrothermal products will be considered.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1934-1939
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• 2019

Background: Flexible flat foot is that the medial longitudinal arch collapses in weight bearing and returns normal arch when weight is removed and the weight bearing shifts toward medial part of the foot, which can cause pathological problems in the alignment of the lower extremities and the entire body. Objective: To compare the foot pressure for adults with flexible flat foot. Design: Quasi-Experimental Study Methods: 24 participants with flexible flat foot were recruited and were randomly divided into Visual feedback Short Foot Exercise (VSFE) group and Short Foot Exercise (SFE) group. To compare changes of foot pressure about pre and post intervention, the contact pressure measurement was conducted. Results: In the VSFE, significant differences were observed for the foot pressure of the 1^st toe, 1^st, 3^rd and 4-5^th metatarsal, midfoot, medial and lateral heel (p<.05). The foot pressure of the 3^rd and 4-5^th metatarsal, midfoot showed significant differences in the SFE (p<.05). The contact pressure of the 1^st toe, 3^rd metatarsal showed significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Visual feedback short foot exercise can be useful for moving the pressure from medial to lateral part, and can prevent possible pathological problems.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1657-1662
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• 2018

This epidemiological study aims to determine the incidence, areas, severity, and time of occurrence of sports injuries in elite female rowing athletes who were training at the Jincheon National Training Center for a 1-year period from January 1st to December 31st, 2017. According to the daily injury reports form of the IOC, sport events, weight division, injured area, and cause of injury were recorded, and the following results were found. Upon comparing the incidence of sports injuries, there was a significant difference in weight of double scull athletes. In terms of sports, there was a significant difference between pair and athletes who played double skull. Injuries occurred most commonly in the lower extremity (40.5%), followed by the trunk (35.1%), upper extremity (24.3%). for all athletes in rowing. The knee and lumbar spine/lower back were the most common injury sites. More than 60% of all injuries were Level III, and injuries occurred most frequently during training, followed by weight training and then competition.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 1995

To make filler loaded conducting rubber which has excellent electronical and physical properties, CR and NBR were mixed with barium ferrite(BaO.6Fe2O3). From the result of this study, vulcanization characteristics shows that curve is upgraded as the filler concentration increases and CR has higher torque than NBR. In physical properties, elongation being higher, modulus comes to decrease. Tear strength gradually decrease after showing the maximum point when is in the 100phr in CR. Resilience is not good to cause the increase in filler concentration. In electrical properties, conductivity becomes low when filler concentration increase. The increase of voltage makes a conductivity grown, but the rate change is weak. The influence of temperature hardly changes on increasing temperature. The morphology and the dispersion of a conductivity filler in vulcanizates through SEM were good. The more filler concentration increases, the shorter the particle interval is.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.425-432
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• 2022

Antifouling paints that inhibit the attachment and contamination of marine organisms mainly use TBT compounds, but because of their toxic components, they cause ecosystem disturbance and environmental destruction problems, so It is necessary to research eco-friendly antifouling paints that are easy to maintain and effective antifouling technologies. In this study, physical surface treatment of silane coating and chemical antifouling technology were applied to the metal surface to secure the stability of the surface of the marine structure and inhibit the attachment and growth of marine organisms. Adhesion of marine organisms was evaluated according to the coating conditions through surface evaluation of the charged material for 15 months in the waters of the west coast of Korea. In accordance with ASTM D6990-05, antifouling properties fouling rates (FR) and physical degradation rates(PDR) were evaluated through visual inspection of the evaluation specimens. As a result of evaluating the antifouling performance of the coated surface, it was confirmed that the antifouling performance was maintained at the 50% level even after 15 months in the sample subjected to physical processing and silane coating.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.14-33
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper aims to articulate determinants of inter-organizational cooperation based on to the extent to which inter-organizational tasks are related to product development and production processes. Design/Methodology - This research conducted OLS regression analysis based on the data acquired from questionnaire survey in Korean auto industry. Findings - Our analysis has verified that complementary and compatible resources, as well as physical and human asset specificities, positively affect inter-organizational product development cooperation. Conversely, in the production process, only complementary resources positively affect inter-organizational cooperation, whereas compatible resources and physical asset specificity have a negative influence. The changing characteristics of compatible resources (with IT innovations and AI), and physical asset specificity (influenced by a rising need to reduce production costs), cause inter-organizational cooperation in production to decrease. Originality/value - This research attempts to expound upon these determining factors of inter-organizational cooperation by considering both complementary-compatible resources and asset specificity in product development and production simultaneously. The reason why the impact of complementary-compatible resources and asset specificity on inter-organizational cooperation is critical in understanding the determinants of inter-organizational cooperation is that the attributes of complementary-compatible resources and asset specificity in production have changed drastically due to the continuing diffusion of IT innovations and AI (Artificial Intelligence).

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

Background: Hamstring shortness results in the inappropriate activation of the quadriceps femoris because of the loss of the reciprocal inhibition mechanism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of that activation during lunge exercises on the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, medial, and lateral hamstrings in participants with hamstring shortness and normal length. Design: Quasi-experimental design Methods: Participants were divided into a hamstring shortness group(n=20) and a hamstring normal length group(n=23), based on a hamstring length test. During lunge exercises, muscle activation of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, medial, and lateral hamstrings were measured by electromyography. Results: Each muscle tested was less activated in the hamstring shortness group than in the hamstring normal length group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>.05). Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference between the shortness and normal hamstring groups during short lunge exercise time, longer exercising periods will result in the inappropriate activation of the quadriceps femoris. During lunge exercise, hamstring shortness causes an imbalance activation of quadriceps femoris and hamstring, and continuous hamstring shortness can cause damage on joints of lower limb.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.208-213
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• 2024

With the development of industry, miniaturization and densification of semiconductor components are rapidly progressing. Particularly, as demand surges across various sectors, efficiency in productivity has emerged as a crucial issue in semiconductor component manufacturing. Maximizing semiconductor productivity requires real-time monitoring of semiconductor processes and continuous reflection of the results to stabilize processes. However, various unexpected variables and errors in judgment that occur during the process can cause significant losses in semiconductor productivity. Therefore, while the development of a reliable manufacturing system is important, the importance of developing sensor technology that can complement this and accurately monitor the process is also growing. In this study, conducted a basic research on the concept of diagnostic sensors for thickness based on the physical changes of thin films due to etching. It observed changes in resistance corresponding to variations in thin film thickness as etching processes progressed, and conducted research on the correlation between these physical changes and thickness variations. Furthermore, to assess the reliability of thin film thickness measurement sensors, it conducted multiple measurements and comparative analyses of physical changes in thin films according to various thicknesses.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.4096-4101
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• 2023

Radon is a radioactive gas produced from the uranium-238 series. Radon gas affects public health and is the second cause of lung cancer. The study samples were collected from one area of the city of Jazan, southwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The influence of engineering and physical parameters on the emanation coefficient of gas and other gas parameters was studied. Parameters for radon were measured using a CR-39 Solid-State Nuclear Track Detector (SSNTD) through a sealed emission container. The results showed that the emanation coefficient was affected directly by the change in the grain size of the soil. All parameters of measured radon gas have the same behavior as the emanation coefficient. The relationship between particle size and emanation coefficient showed a good correlation. The values of the emanation coefficient were inversely affected by the mass of the sample, and the rest of the parameters showed an inverse behavior. The results showed that increasing the volume of the container increases the accumulation of radon sons on the wall of the container, which increases the emission factor. The rest of the parameters of radon gas showed an inverse behavior with increasing container size. The results concluded that changing the engineering and physical parameters has a significant impact on both the emanation coefficient and all radon parameters. The emanation coefficient affects the values of the radiation dose of an alpha particle.