• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2022

Laelapinae mites are involved in transmission of microbial diseases between wildlife and humans, with an impact on public health. In this study, 5 mite members in the subfamily Laelapinae (laelapin mites; LM) were morphologically identified by light microscopy, and the phylogenetic relationship of LM was analyzed in combination with the sequence information of part of the LM cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene. The morphological identification revealed that 5 mites belonged to the genera Laelaps and Haemolaelaps, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the ratio of nonsynonymous mutation rate to synonymous mutation rate of LM was less than 1, indicating that the LM cox1 gene had undergone purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Laelapinae is a monophyletic group. The genera Haemolaelaps and Hyperlaelaps did not separated into distinct clades but clustered together with species of the genus Laelaps. Our morphological and molecular analyses to describe the phylogenetic relationships among different genera and species of Laelapinae provide a reference for the improvement and revision of the LM taxonomy system.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.127-143
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• 2022

This study was conducted to clarify the phylogenetic position and relationships of Korean Poaceae taxa. A total of 438 taxa including 155 accessions of Korean Poaceae (representing 92% and 72% of Korean Poaceous genera and species, respectively) were employed for phylogeny reconstruction. Sequence data of eight chloroplast DNA markers were used for molecular phylogenetic analyses. The resulted phylogeny was mostly concordant with previous phylogenetic hypotheses, especially in terms of subfamilial and tribal relationships. Several taxa-specific indels were detected in the molecular phylogeny, including a 45 bp deletion in rps3 (PACMAD [Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, Danthonioideae] clade), a 15 bp deletion in ndhF (Oryzeae + Phyllorachideae), a 6 bp deletion in trnLF (Poeae s.l.), and two (17 bp and 378 bp) deletions in atpF-H (Pooideae). The Korean Poaceae members were classified into 23 tribes, representing eight subfamilies. The subfamilial and tribal classifications of the Korean taxa were generally congruent with a recently published system, whereas some subtribes and genera were found to be non-monophyletic. The taxa included in the PACMAD clade (especially Andropogoneae) showed very weak and uncertain phylogenetic relationships, presumably to be due to evolutionary radiation and polyploidization. The reconstructed phylogeny can be utilized to update the taxonomic positions of the newly examined grass accessions.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2009

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA were used to assess phylogenetic relationships of four Korean oyster species. The average number of species-specific markers identified from five universal rice primers (URPs) by RAPD-PCR was 1.8 for Crassostrea gigas, 3.2 for C. nippona, 3.6 for C. ariakensis, and 4.6 for Ostrea denselamellosa. The length of the ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region ranged from 1,001 to 1,206 bp (ITS1, 426-518 bp; 5.8S, 157 bp; and ITS2, 418-536 bp), while the GC content ranged from 55.5-61.1% (ITS1, 56.8-61.8%; 5.8S, 56-57.3%; and ITS2, 54.1-62.2%). A phylogenetic analysis of the oysters based on our RAPD, ITS1, and ITS2 sequence data revealed a close relationship between C. gigas and C. nippona and a distant relationship between the genera Crassostrea and Ostrea. Our results indicated that RAPD and ITS sequence analysis was a useful tool for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships and for the selection of species-specific markers in Korean oysters.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

한국산 향나무절 식물에 대한 계통학적 유연관계를 규명하고, 더불어 향나무속 및 향나무절의 계통 및 유연관계를 잘 나타낼 수 있는 분자마커를 찾아내고자 분자계통학적 연구를 수행하였다. 엽록체 DNA matK와 psbA-trnH를 분자마커로 활용하였으며, 두 유전자의 조합분석결과 향나무절이 100%의 BP로 지지되는 분계조를 이루었다. 눈향나무+단천향나무 분계조와 향나무+섬향나무+뚝향나무 분계조는 각각 91%, 100%의 BP로 지지되었다. 따라서 한국산 향나무절은 (1) 눈향나무+단천향나무, (2) 향나무+섬향나무+뚝향나무 두 개의 분계조로 구분하는 것이 가장 적합할 것으로 생각되고, 본 연구에서 이용된 두 개의 분자마커 중 matK가 psbA-trnH 보다 향나무속 및 향나무절의 계통 및 유연관계를 규명하는데 다소 높은 해상력을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2017

Background: Species in the heterokont genus Synura are colonial and have silica scales whose ultrastructural characteristics are used for classification. We examined the ultrastructure of silica scales and molecular data (nuclear SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA, and plastid rbcL sequences) to better understand the taxonomy and phylogeny within the section Petersenianae of genus Synura. In addition, we report the first finding of newly recorded Synura species from Korea. Results: We identified all species by examination of scale ultrastructure using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Three newly recorded species from Korea, Synura americana, Synura conopea, and Synura truttae were described based on morphological characters, such as cell size, scale shape, scale size, keel shape, number of struts, distance between struts, degree of interconnections between struts, size of base plate pores, keel pores, base plate hole, and posterior rim. The scales of the newly recorded species, which belong to the section Petersenianae, have a well-developed keel and a characteristic number of struts on the base plate. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from three genes in 32 strains (including three outgroup species). The results provided strong statistical support that the section Petersenianae was monophyletic, and that all taxa within this section had well-developed keels and a defined number of struts on the base plate. Conclusions: The phylogenetic tree based on sequence data of three genes was congruent with the data on scale ultrastructure. The resulting phylogenetic tree strongly supported the existence of the section Petersenianae. In addition, we propose newly recorded Synura species from Korea based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters: S. americana, S. conopea, and S. truttae.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2011

꿀풀목 현삼과에 속하는 식물들의 재분류가 최근에 이루어졌는데, 엽록체 DNA의 염기서열에 따라 많은 수의 식물들이 꿀풀목의 다른 과로 옮겨졌다. 이들 중에서 국내의 산야에서 쉽게 발견할 수 있는 꽃며느리밥풀, 나도송이풀, 물칭개나물, 외풀, 주름잎의 계통분류를 시도해 보았다. 우선, 이 식물들의 18S rRNA 및 ITS1의 염기서열을 결정하여 GenBank에 등록하였다(각각, accession numbers GU359046, GU359047, GU359048, GU359049, GU359050). 꽃며느리밥풀, 나도송이풀 및 물칭개나물의 경우에는 엽록체 DNA의 염기서열에 기초를 둔 현재의 분류체계와 본 연구에서 분석한 결과가 잘 일치하였다. 그러나 주름잎과 외풀의 경우에는 분석 결과에 있어서의 차이가 커서 결론에 도달할 수가 없었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2017

Despite the broad distribution of leishmaniasis among Iranians and animals across the country, little is known about the genetic characteristics of the causative agents. Applying both HSP70 PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among Leishmania spp. isolated from Iranian endemic foci and available reference strains. A total of 36 Leishmania isolates from almost all districts across the country were genetically analyzed for the HSP70 gene using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis. The original HSP70 gene sequences were aligned along with homologous Leishmania sequences retrieved from NCBI, and subjected to the phylogenetic analysis. Basic parameters of genetic diversity were also estimated. The HSP70 PCR-RFLP presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, with no further intraspecific variation, corresponding to 3 Leishmania species available in the country, L. tropica, L. major, and L. infantum. Phylogenetic analyses presented 5 major clades, corresponding to 5 species complexes. Iranian lineages, including L. major, L. tropica, and L. infantum, were distributed among 3 complexes L. major, L. tropica, and L. donovani. However, within the L. major and L. donovani species complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny was not able to distinguish clearly between the L. major and L. turanica isolates, and between the L. infantum, L. donovani, and L. chagasi isolates, respectively. Our results indicated that both HSP70 PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses are medically applicable tools for identification of Leishmania species in Iranian patients. However, the reduced genetic diversity of the target gene makes it inevitable that its phylogeny only resolves the major groups, namely, the species complexes.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2018

국내에 분포하는 천남성속의 계통학적 유연관계와 한약재 천남성(Arisaematis Rhizoma)으로 사용되는 천남성 3종(둥근잎천남성, 두루미천남성, 일파산남성)에 대한 분류학적 특징을 분석하기 위하여 천남성속 식물에 대한 분자계통학적 연구를 수행하였다. 3개의 범용성 DNA 바코드(ITS, matK, rbcL) 염기서열을 이용하여 국내 분포 천남성속 8분류군과 중국에 분포하는 약전수재 종 1분류군을 포함하는 9종 50개 시료와 같은 과의 Dracunculus vulgaris를 군외군으로 하여 유연관계를 분석하였다. 3개의 개별 DNA 바코드 염기서열과 이들을 유합한 염기서열로 계통학적 유연관계를 분석한 결과, 천남성속의 9 분류군은 6개의 독립적인 분계조를 형성하며 구별되었으며(Clade I, 둥근잎천남성 및 천남성; Clade II, 점박이천남성 및 섬남성; Clade III, 큰천남성; Clade IV, 일파산남성; Clade V, 두루미천남성; Clade VI, 무늬천남성 및 거문천남성), 이들 6개의 분계조는 각각 Pedatisecta절, Sinarisaema절, 및 Tortuosa절로 분류되었다. 또한 이들 DNA 바코드 구간의 비교 결과는 천남성속 식물의 종 및 종 이하 분류 단위의 분류학적 재검토의 필요성에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공하였다. 하지만 대한민국약전에 수재되어 한약재로 사용가능한 3종의 천남성 기원종의 종내 분류학적 연관성이나 분자계통학적 특징은 확인되지 않았다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1202-1206
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• 2016

Subsection I과 II의 시아노박테리아 균주들은 단세포성이며, Subsection III의 시아노박테리아 균주들은 섬유상의 다계통성, 이형 사이토시스 형성성 균주들인 반면, Subsections IV와 V는 단일계통성으로 보고되어있다. 본 연구에서 13 균주의 시아노박테리아의 the small subunit rRNA (16S rRNA) 염기서열들이 - Subsection III의 Oscillatoria nigro-viridis PCC7112, Subsection IV에 속하는 Anabaena, Nostoc, Tolypothrix, Calothrix 및 Scytonema속을 포함한 6 균주, Subsection V에 속하는 Hapalosiphon, Fischerella and Chlorogloeopsis 속의 6 균주 - 결정되었다. 결정된 16S rRNA 염기서열을 이용하여 시아노박테리아의 분자계통분석을 수행하였다. 그러나, 16S rRNA의 염기서열 결정을 근거로 한 본 연구의 계통분석결과 Subsection IV는 단일 계통성이 아닌 다계통성이며, 반면 Subsection V는 이전에 보고되어진 것처럼 단일 계통성임을 나타내었다. 또한, 본 연구 결과는 Scytonema속이 이형 사이토시스 형성성 시아노박테리아인 Subsection IV 및 V의 공통 조상일 수 있음을 강력하게 나타낸다. 부가적으로, 본 연구의 분자계통 분석을 통해 Anabaena속은 다계통성으로 계통학적으로 다양한 종들로 구성되어 있음을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구 결과는 Anabaena속이 좀 더 세밀하게 재분류 되어져야 함을 나타낸다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1997

The nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA genes of seven corticioid species were sequenced. These sequences were analyzed and compared with those of 24 other species of the order Aphyllophorales and phylogenetic trees were constructed using parsimonious methods. Phylogenetic analyses showed that two species among examined members of the Corticiaceae, Resinicium bicolor and Thanatephorus praticola, are located distantly from the remaining six species. The separation of R. bicolor seems to be kphylogenetically significant because it has very unique cystidia. The independent lineage of T. practicola suggests that it is also phylogenetically distinct because it has unusual features like the homobasidium producing secondary spores and the spetal ultrastructure of pore cap. Furthermore, Auriscalpium vulgare, Bondarzewia berkeleyi, and Heterobasidion annosum from different families of the Aphyllophorales proved to be closely related to the species of the Corticiaceae. They all have amyloid spores and grouped with Aleyrodiscus amorphus, which is a member of the Corticiaceae. The amyloidity of spores seems to be an improtant character throughout the order of the Aphyllophorales.