• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.266-270
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• 2010

In case of the Dental X-ray apparatus, the diameter (or the field size) of the tip of the cone should be less than 7 cm according to the Diagnosis Radiation Equipment Safety Management. However, deviation from the field is not expected to be big as photography is made at close range from the skin. Also, as the size of film or digital detector used in intra-oral photography is $3\times4cm^2$, the size mentioned above can be considered to be much bigger. Furthermore, the patient dose by short-distance photography can not be ignored. Therefore, effect on the patient dose, resolution and image qualty was examined by reducing the cone diameter by 0.5 cm interval. The result showed that the patient dose was reduced and a partial improvement in picture contrast was observed. Therefore, it can be concluded from these results that further investigation may be worthwhile in terms of policy.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare dental plaque scores obtained through clinical examinations and various imaging techniques, as well as to assess the effectiveness of herbal and conventional toothpastes for plaque removal. Materials and Methods: Thirty volunteers were divided into 3 groups. Each group was given a different toothpaste (from 2 herbal toothpastes and a conventional toothpaste) with which to brush their teeth for 21 days. Both initially and after brushing, dental plaque samples were collected, and plaque on the buccal surfaces of anterior teeth was scored using several imaging systems after staining with a disclosing agent. Specifically, digital dental photography, intraoral digital scanning, and FluoreCam imaging were employed to capture intraoral images. The Turesky Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index was used for clinical examination and image analysis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and correlational assessments between clinical examination and imaging scores were conducted before and after toothpaste use. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson correlations were utilized. Results: The lowest mean value was observed in the clinical examination without staining, while the highest was obtained using the FluoreCam method. No significant change was found in the level of any microorganism assessed following toothpaste use (P<0.05), with the exception of a decrease in S. mutans levels after using conventional toothpaste (P<0.05). Conclusion: Herbal toothpaste demonstrated plaque-removal effectiveness comparable to that of conventional toothpaste. The use of imaging methods for measuring plaque index has been suggested as a means to educate patients about plaque control and promote ongoing oral care.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2024

PURPOSE. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of different shade selection techniques and determine the matching success of crown restorations fabricated using digital shade selection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Teeth numbers 11 and 21 were prepared on a typodont model. For the #11 tooth, six different crowns were fabricated with randomly selected colors and set as the target crowns. The following four test groups were established: Group C, where the visual shade selection was performed using the Vita 3D Master Shade Guide and the group served as the control; Group Ph, where the shade selection was performed under the guidance of dental photography; Group S, where the shade selection was performed by measuring the target tooth color using a spectrophotometer; and Group I, where the shade selection was performed by scanning the test specimens and target crowns using an intraoral scanner. Based on the test groups, 24 crowns were fabricated using different shade selection techniques. The ΔE values were calculated according to the CIEDE2000 (2:1:1) formula. The collected data were analyzed by means of a one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS. For the four test groups (Groups C, Ph, S, and I), the following mean ΔE values were obtained: 2.74, 3.62, 2.13, and 3.5, respectively. No significant differences were found among the test groups. CONCLUSION. Although there was no statistically significant difference among the shade selection techniques, Group S had relatively lower ΔE values. Moreover, according to the test results, the spectrophotometer shade selection technique may provide more successful clinical results.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.193-207
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• 2004

The aims of the study are as following : First, define and clarify the role and function of the dental hygienist. Second, based on thai definition, present an improved dental hygienist curriculum, improving their special competence. This study seeks to present a way for promoting role of dental hygienists as independent specialists, rather than as auxiliaries, contributing to better dental service in the process. The research was pursued by surveying by questionnaire those directly related to dental hygiene. They are 58 professors of dental hygiene, 164 dentists, 253 dental hygienists and 496 dental hygiene students, selected by the method of simple random sampling. Due to the small size of the sample, professors' group was analysed only through frequency and probabilities. For groups with larger samples(dentists, dental hygienists, dental hygiene students), methods of chi square(${\chi}^2$) tests, frequency analysis and one-way ANOVA were used in their analysis. Conclusions of the study are as following : First, role and function of the dental hygienist was defined and clarified. According to the analysis of the survey, main role of the dental hygienists as perceived by 62.9% of dentists was supporting treatments and managing patients and facility. This perception by dentists differs significantly to perception of other groups, which saw main role of dental hygienists as preventive dental treatment and dental hygiene education. Also, only 20.2% of dental hygienists perceived patients and facility management as their main role. This divergence of perception between groups weakens speciality competence of dental hygienists. To strengthen dental hygienists' speciality competence, preventive dental treatment and dental hygiene education must be defined as main role of dental hygienists. Furthermore, role of dental hygienists can be categorized into cooperative and auxiliary role. Second, in order to strengthen speciality competence of dental hygienists, their education must be augmented with curriculum emphasizing cooperative role. Specifically, courses on preventive dental treatment, dental hygiene education and dental X-ray photography must become compulsory, as well as becoming more comprehensive and organized. Also, training in schools and hospitals must be focused on those subjects. In addition, courses concerning auxiliary role must be incorporated into optional courses and more pedagogical courses are needed to widen students' career choices. Third, practical relevance of national dental hygienist certification examination must be heightened. In the survey, all groups gave negative response to questions concerning practical relevance of national dental hygienist certification test. Specifically, contents of the tests must be changed to test participants' competence in the cooperative area. Also, the test itself must be strengthened by adding practical examination to the certification scheme, as well as having more difficult examinations.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.40
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• pp.38.1-38.9
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• 2018

Background: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone lesion characterized by the progressive replacement of normal bone with fibro-osseous connective tissue. The maxilla is the most commonly affected area of facial bone, resulting in facial asymmetry and functional disorders. Surgery is an effective management option and involves removing the diseased bone via an intraoral approach: conservative bone shaving or radical excision and reconstruction. Case presentation: This case report describes a monostotic fibrous dysplasia in which the patient's right midface had a prominent appearance. The asymmetric maxillary area was surgically recontoured via the midfacial degloving approach under general anesthesia. Follow-up photography and radiographic imaging after surgery showed the structures were in a stable state without recurrence of the FD lesion. Furthermore, there were no visible scars or functional disability, and the patient reported no postoperative discomfort. Conclusions: In conclusion, the midfacial degloving approach for treatment of maxillary fibrous dysplasia is a reliable and successful treatment option. Without visible scars and virtually free of postoperative functional disability, this approach offers good exposure of the middle third of the face for treatment of maxillary fibrous dysplasia with excellent cosmetic outcomes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.40
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• pp.7.1-7.5
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• 2018

Background: Oroantral communicating defects, characterized by a connection between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity, are often induced by tooth extraction, removal of cysts and benign tumors, and resection of malignant tumors. The surgical defect may develop into an oroantral fistula, with resultant patient discomfort and chronic maxillary sinusitis. Small defects may close spontaneously; however, large oroantral defects generally require reconstruction. These large defects can be reconstructed with skin grafts and vascularized free flaps with or without bone graft. However, such surgical techniques are complex and technically difficult. A buccal fat pad is an effective, reliable, and straightforward material for reconstruction. Case presentation: This report describes three cases of reconstruction of large oroantral defects, all of which were covered by a pedicled buccal fat pad. Follow-up photography and radiologic imaging showed successful closure of the oroantral defects. Furthermore, there were no operative site complications, and no patient reported postsurgical discomfort. Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of the pedicled buccal fat pad is a reliable, safe, and successful method for the reconstruction of large oroantral defects.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.262-266
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare Plaque Percent Index (PPI), calculated by Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHPI), Rustogi's modification of the Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI), and the Quigley & Hein Plaque Index (QHPI), with visual assessment. Methods: Ninety-six subjects, aged between 30-65 years, were examined; twenty subjects were included in the final analysis. The subjects' teeth were stained and photographed. Dental coloring and intraoral camera photography were performed by a single examiner. The oral images obtained were analyzed using Image J to measure the area of dental plaque. The values of PHPI, RMNPI, and QHPI were calculated twice. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The results of the correlation analyses of PPI with PHPI, QHPI, and RMNPI were as follows: for PHPI, the correlation coefficient (r)=0.584; for QHPI, r=0.689; and for RMNPI, r=0.729. Further, the kappa indices of PHPI, QHPI, and RMNPI were 0.810, 0.677, and 0.590 respectively. Conclusions: Among RMNPI, QHPI, and PHPI dental plaque indices, RMNPI and QHPI showed a high degree of correlation with the actual stained dental plaque area; on the other hand, PHPI showed the highest kappa index.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.225-234
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to classify Korean young adults into 3 groups on the basis of upper incisor exposure rates (UIERs) and to compare the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue variables. Methods: Samples were obtained from 127 students at the College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University in South Korea. Facial photographs of frontal posed smiles and lateral cephalograms of the subjects were taken. The subjects were divided into 3 groups on the basis of UIERs and 20 measurements were compared among the 3 groups. The correlations between the variables were determined. Results: Male and female subjects showed significant differences in the group distribution. Male subjects showed higher frequencies of low smiles, and female subjects showed higher frequencies of high smiles. The vertical height of the anterior alveolar process of the maxilla directly correlated with the UIER. However, the UIER showed no significant correlation with the vertical height of the anterior basal bone or the inclination of the upper incisor axis. In female subjects, the upper central incisor clinical crown length showed an inverse correlation with the UIER. However, this variable showed no significant correlation with the UIER in male subjects. Conclusions: The UIER was directly correlated with the levator muscle activity of the upper lip and inversely correlated with the upper lip thickness, yet there was no correlation between the UIER and upper lip length at rest.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.322-332
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• 2015

A 12-year-old girl was referred to our clinic for evaluation of an unaesthetic dental appearance. All permanent teeth were erupted, while the deciduous maxillary right canine was retained. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a complete transposition of the maxillary left canine and first premolar involving both the crowns and the roots. Initial cephalometric analysis showed a skeletal Class III pattern, with a slight maxillary retrusion and a compensated proclination of the upper incisors. The patient's teeth were considered to be in the correct position; therefore, we decided to attempt treatment by correcting the transposition and using only orthodontic compensation of the skeletal Class III malocclusion. After 25 months of active orthodontic treatment, the patient had a Class I molar and canine relationship on both sides, with ideal overbite and overjet values. Her profile was improved, her lips were competent, and cephalometric evaluation showed acceptable maxillary and mandibular incisor inclinations. The final panoramic radiograph showed that good root parallelism was achieved. Two-year follow-up intraoral photography showed stable results.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.294-303
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether orthodontic treatment experience affects the individual's perception of smile esthetics and to evaluate differences among orthodontically treated laypersons, non-treated laypersons, and dentists by using computerized image alterations. Methods: A photograph of a woman's smile was digitally altered using a software image editing program. The alterations involved gingival margin height, crown width and length, incisal plane canting, and dental midline of the maxillary anterior teeth. Three groups of raters (orthodontically treated laypersons, non-treated laypersons, and dentists) evaluated the original and altered images using a visual analog scale. Results: The threshold for detecting changes in maxillary central incisor gingival margin height among laypersons was 1.5 mm; the threshold of dentists, who were more perceptive, was 1.0 mm. For maxillary lateral incisor crown width and height, the threshold of all three groups was 3.0 mm. Canting of the incisal plane was perceived when the canting was 3.0 mm among non-treated laypersons, 2.0 mm among treated laypersons, and 1.0 mm among dentists. Non-treated laypersons could not perceive dental midline shifts; however, treated laypersons and dentists perceived them when the shift was ${\geq}3.0mm$. Conclusions: Laypersons with and without orthodontic treatment experience and dentists have different perceptions of smile esthetics. Orthodontically treated laypersons were more critical than non-treated laypersons regarding incisal plane canting and dental midline shifts. Based on these findings, it is suggested that orthodontic treatment experience improved the esthetic perceptions of laypersons.