• Title/Summary/Keyword: Phosphorus removal efficiency

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Phosphorus Removal by Aluminium Ion Generated with the Pitting Corrosion of Aluminium (알루미늄의 부식으로 발생한 알루미늄 이온에 의한 인 제거)

  • Cheong Kyung-Hoon;Jung Oh-Jin
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.705-710
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    • 1999
  • The fundamental experiments on the phosphorus removal from water were carried out by the batch and continuous reactors which used aluminium and copper plate. In this systems, the phosphorus was removed by aluminium ion generated with the electrochemical interaction (pitting corrosion) of aluminium and copper. In the batch experiments, the efficiencies of phosphorus removal increased when the surfaces of aluminium and copper plate were brushed. The phosphorus removal by aluminium ion was affected the copper plate and NaCI in this system. The optimal pH values were 5 and 6 for the phosphorus removal. The efficiency of phosphorus removal increased with increasing NaCI concentration, surface area of aluminium and copper plate. The $CUSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$ instead of copper plate could be used as Cu source. The effluent $PO_4-P$ concentration as low as 2 $mg/{\ell}$ could have been obtained during the continuous experiment at HRT of 48 hrs.

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A Study on the Use of Oyster Shells for Phosphorus Removal (인 제거를 위한 패각의 활용법에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jong-Il;Kim, Woo-Hang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.105-109
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    • 2008
  • In our country, limiting nutrient is known as phosphorus in the most lakes. Therefore, the removal of phosphorus is a very important process in sewage treatment. However, many of the sewage treatment plants employ the conventional activated sludge process, known to remove $10{\sim}30%$ of phosphorus. Thus, additional phosphorous removal process will be needed. Oyster shells have been known to remove phosphorus in water. The removal efficiency of phosphorus was highest at smallest size of oyster shells and at the highest pH for batch test. The phosphorous removal rate with various calcium concentrations was increased by increasing calcium concentration. At the 20 mg/l of calcium, more than 90% of phosphorous was removed in two hours. The removal efficiency of phosphorous was increased greatly at 300% of recirculation rate. With 300% of recirculation rate, the removal efficiency reached 80% at pH 11. The negative effects of bicarbonate on crystallization were observed in oyster shells. The effects of bicarbonate on rate constant were also investigated by applying these results to experimental equation. The rate constant was decreased at the inverse logarithm bicarbonate concentration.

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Study on Behavior of Organic, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in the Sequencing Batch Reactor (연속회분식 반응기(Sequencing Batch Reactor)에서 유기물, 질소 및 인의 거동에 관한 연구)

  • 한기백;박동근
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.6 no.5
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    • pp.521-529
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    • 1997
  • In the study, we Investigated the behavior and removal efficiency of organics, nitrogen. phosphorus with operating conditions in SBRs. Substrate used was synthetic wastewater in which the ratio of $COD_{cr}$. : N : P was 100 : 12 : 2. The cycling the in SBRs was adjusted at 6 hours and 8 hours, and then certainly Included anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Also, for each cycling time. we performed 2 series of experiment simultaneously which was set up 10 days and 20 days as SRT. The removal efficiency of $COD_{cr}$. was over 97% in all operating conditions. In the 6 hours cycling time, the removal efficiency of $PO_4^{3-}-P$ reached almost 100% in steady state. And then we could observe a typical phonemena of phosphorus release and uptake, and the removal efficiency of N was 67%, Residual N source was almost TKN and most of the rest remained as $NO_2-N$. Also the difference in both SRTs was not observed practically. In the 8 hours cycling time, dissolution of sludge appeared. and, $PO_4^{3-}-P was not nearly removed but nitrogen was removed up to 75%, And the residual nitrogen was accumulated as $NO_2^--N$.

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Effects of dolomite addition on phosphorus removal by chemical coagulation of secondary treated effluent (백운석 첨가가 응집에 의한 하수 처리수의 인 제거에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Byung-Ha;Park, Joon-Hong;Cha, Ho-Young;Maeng, Sung-Kyu;Song, Kyung-Guen
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.443-451
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    • 2012
  • Wastewater treatment plants need to reduce phosphorus in order to meet increasingly stringent regulations on phosphorus. This study evaluated the feasibility of dolomite as a coagulation aid to enhance phosphorus removal from secondary treated wastewater by chemical coagulation. Standard jar tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of dolomite addition on a coagulation process for phosphorus removal and to determine the optimum doses of coagulants and dolomite. Coagulants used with dolomite yielded a significant improvement in phosphorus removal and reduced total phosphorus concentrations below 0.02 mg/L in wastewater effluent. Dolomite has played an important role in enhancing phosphate adsorption and increasing pH, as a coagulation aid. The maximum removal efficiency of phosphorus in this study was yielded at 25 mg/l of dolomite and 20 mg Al/L of PAC dose. However, considering economic aspects, the optimum doses of dolomite and PAC were 10 mg/L and 15mg Al/L, respectively. Consequently, dolomite, a coagulation aid, can be used in coagulation processes to enhance the removal of phosphorus.

A Study on the Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus by Operation Mode for Livestock Wastewater Treatment Post-process Using SBR (축산폐수의 후처리공정으로서 SBR 적용시 운전인자에 따른 질소와 인의 제거특성에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Gun-Youl;Lee, Young-Shin
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.214-219
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    • 2009
  • This study examined the removal efficiency of the nitrogen and phosphorus in order to compensate for the combined process of ATAD(Autothermal Thermophilic Aaerobic Digestion) and EGSB(Expended Granular Sludge Bed), which are treatment methods for livestock wastewater, by introducing SBR(Sequencing Batch Reactor) as post-treatment process. The analysis on the treatment efficiency of each operation mode showed that, in the case of T-N, the treatment efficiency were 67.1% and 74.2% for Run-1 and Run-2, respectively, and in the case of T-P, the values were 71.2 and 74.1, respectively, which are indicating that the treatment efficacy is higher in the condition of Run-1, in which the time period of Anoxic and Aerobic segments were increased. In addition, the result of analyzing removal characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus by Influx load showed that removal efficiency of nitrogen was better in the case of high influx load than in the case of low influx load. Regardless of Influx load, phosphorus showed constant influx concentration, so that removal efficiency of phosphorus was influenced littler by Influx load than that of nitrogen. This study also fed methanol as an external carbon source and performed experiment to induce denitrification under anoxic condition by using nitrate among nitrogen compounds of SBR reactor, and the results showed that intermittent feeding was more effective in Nitrogen Removal than composite feeding.

Phosphorus Removal from Domestic Sewage by Electrolysis with Aluminium Electrodes (알루미늄의 전기분해를 이용한 오수 중의 인 제거)

  • Cheong, Kyung-Hoon;Choi, Hyung-Il;Jung, Oh-Jin
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.70-76
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    • 1999
  • A laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the phosphorus removal using the activated sludge-electrolysis reactor which consisted of A$^2$/O system and aluminium electrodes as cathode and anode. In this system, the phosphorus was removed by aluminium ion, which was eluted from aluminiumelectrodes by electrolysis. In the batch experiments, when the current densities were 0.026, 0.052 and 0.08 A/dm$^2$, the phosphorus removal efficiencies for synthetic sewage were 66.4, 86.4 and 98.7% respectively. These results showed that the phosphorus removal efficiency increased with the increase of the current density. When the current values were 13, 26 and 40 mA respectively, the amounts of Al$^{3+}$ eluted from electrodes according to Faraday's law were 0.049, 0.07 and 0.12 g and Al/P mole ratio were 1.1, 2.0 and 3.41. In the continuous experiments, As hydraulic retention time(HRT) increased, COD and total nitrogen(T-N) removal efficiencies for domestic sewage increased. The average phosphorus removal rates of the activated sludge-electrolysis system were 97, 91, 80 and 80% at the HRT of 48, 24, 18 and 12 hours, respectively. Especially, the phosphorus removal rate in the activated sludge system with aluminium electrodes was higher than that in the system without aluminium electrodes.

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A Study on Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter and Phosphorus in Eutrophic Lake by Coagulation Process Using Powdered Activated Carbon (분말활성탄 응집침전 공정을 이용한 부영양화 호소수의 용존 유기물 및 인의 제거 연구)

  • Cho, Kyung Chul;Lee, Min Hee;Park, Jung Hwan;Jung, Jongtai
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.629-635
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the removal behaviors of DOM(dissolved organic matter) and phosphorus in eutrophic lake water by coagulation process with PAC(powdered activated carbon). It was observed that the removal characteristic of soluble matter was different from that of dissolved one, and the removal of DOM was effected by both pH and coagulant dosage. It was founded that PAC could increase the removal efficiency by an adsorption of DOM in coagulation process. A formation of soluble and colloidal matters resulted in the degradation of phosphorus removal efficiency in a chemical precipitation process. The phosphorus removal efficiency could be enhanced by an absorption of colloidal matter and dissolved complex with PAC addition. In addition, the PAC addition caused the increase of floc density in coagulation process, that led to the rise of sedimentation rate, and resulted in a significant improvement of solid-liquid separation efficiency.

Effects of mixing/aeration ratio and SRT on nutrient removal in SBR process (연속회분식반응조 공정에서 교반/폭기비와 SRT가 영양염류제거에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Seok-Jun;Kim, Han-Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.291-301
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    • 2002
  • In this study, nutrients treatment by sequencing batch reactors(SBR) was performed. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies were evaluated by changing SRT and mixing/aeration ratio. Not only nitrogen but also phosphorus removal patterns were investigated through track studies on 1 cycle. As SRT was fixed and mixing/aeration ratio was changed, maximum nitrogen removal efficiency was 87.6% at mixing/aeration ratio 0.67. Phosphorus removal efficiencies were more than 85.5% except no mixing condition. As mixing/aeration ratio was fixed and SRT was changed, nitrogen removal efficiencies were 70.5~79.8%, which represented slight changes, while phosphorus removal efficiencies were 49.0~97.3%, which represented sharply decreasing tendency at less than 20 day. Both phosphorus release rate k and maximum phosphorus release rate $P_{max}/M$ were are decreased as SRT was decreased, but they were not affected by mixing/aeration ratio. It was found that there is a linear relationship between ortho-phosphate uptake and maximum ortho-phosphate release.

Coagulation-membrane separation hybrid treatment of secondary treated effluent for high efficiency phosphorus removal (하수 2차처리 방류수의 총인 고효율 처리를 위한 응집·막분리 혼성처리)

  • Choi, Wookjin;Lee, Byungha;Park, Joonhong;Cha, Hoyoung;Lee, Byungchan;Song, Kyungguen
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.47-53
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    • 2018
  • This study investigated phosphorus removal from secondary treated effluent using coagulation-membrane separation hybrid treatment to satisfy strict regulation in wastewater treatment. The membrane separation process was used to remove suspended phosphorus particles after coagulation/settlement. Membrane separation with $0.2{\mu}m$ pore size of micro filtration membrane could reduce phosphorus concentration to 0.02 mg P/L after coagulation with 1 mg Al/L dose of polyaluminum chloride (PACl). Regardless of coagulant, the residual concentration of phosphorus decreased as the dose increased from 1.5 to 3.5 mg Al/L, while the target concentration of 0.05 mg P/L or less was achieved at 2.5 mg Al/L for the aluminum sulfate (Alum) and 3.5 mg Al/L for PACl. Moreover, alum showed better membrane flux as make bigger particles than PACl. Alum showed a 40% of flux decrease at 2.5 mg Al/L dose, while PACl indicated a 50% decrease of membrane flux even with a higher dose of 3.5 mg Al/L. Thus, alum was more effective coagulant than PACl considering phosphorus removal and membrane flux as well as its dose. Consequently, the coagulation-membrane separation hybrid treatment could be mitigate regulation on phosphorus removal as unsettleable phosphorus particles were effectively removed by membrane after coagulation.

Optimization of TiCl4 Concentration and Initial pH for Phosphorus Removal in Synthetic Wastewater (합성폐수 내 인을 제거하기 위한 TiCl4 농도 및 초기 pH 최적조건 도출)

  • Shin, So-Yeun;Kim, Jong-Ho;Ahn, Johng-Hwa
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.619-624
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    • 2015
  • This study experimentally determined the effect of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) concentration ([TiCl4]) (0.25-0.55 mM) and initial pH (3-11) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater (2 mg P/L). The P removal efficiency increased when [TiCl4] increased. The P removal efficiency showed a parabolic trend with an inflection point at pH 7. At the molar ratio of TiCl4 and P>6.2, the P removal efficiency was over 90% and the residual P concentration was less than 0.2 mg/L. Within the design boundaries, the complete P removal could be achieved at 7.0≤initial pH≤8.5 and 0.43≤[TiCl4]≤0.55 mM. The final pH was over 5.8 at initial pH≥7.7 and [TiCl4]≥0.35 mM. The results showed that TiCl4 was effective in P removal in water so that it could be an alternative chemical for P removal.