• 농촌계획
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

The present study was carried out to investigate the P fractions of surfical sediment of Dongjin sea area. Furthermore, potential released loading of adsorbed and non-apatite inorganic phosphorus were investigated in the sediment of Dongjin sea area. The contents of phosphorus fractions of the surficial sediment in Dongjin sea area were adsorbed-P 0.06%, nonapatite inorganic-P 13.02%, apatite-P 60.22%, and residual-P 26.70%. The most abundant fraction was apatite-P, residual-P, nonapatite inorganic-P, and adsorbed-P followed it. Potential released loading of adsorbed and non-apatite inorganic phosphorus surveyed 2.6 and 597ton respectively. These results show that sediment-managing and interception from external pollution are needed for water environmental maintenance of Dongjin sea area.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2006

The chemical fractions of phosphorus were investigated in the soils of reclaimed and natural tidelands of southwest coastal area of Korea. The content of total-P varied to ranged from 322 to 614 mg/kg dry weight with a mean value of 467 mg/kg. The order of different fractions of phosphorus in reclaimed tideland soils was as follows: 1) inorganic phosphorus: Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > reductant soluble Fe-P. 2) organic phosphorus: Inositol-P > nucleic acid-P > phospholipid-P. The content of Al-P showed negative correlation with organic matter content but showed positive correlation with pH. The content of Fe-P showed negative correlation with clay mineral content but showed positive correlation with organic matter content. Reductant soluble Fe-P and Ca-P were no correlation with soil properties. The content of inositol-P showed highly positive correlation with clay mineral, organic matter content, and CEC.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1966

1. Uniformly $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells were further grown in a standard "cold" medium and aliquots of the algal cells were taken out at the beginning of, and at intervals during the culture, and subjected to analyze the contents of $^{32}$ P and total P in various fractions of the cell constituents. 2. When the $^{32}P$--labeled algae were grown in a normal "cold" medium, the P-contents in the fractions of DNA and protein increased. In the meantime the $^{32}P$- in acid-insoluble polyphosphate fraction decreased considerably, while that in RNA-polyphosphate complex significantly increased. 3. It was inferred that, under the experimental conditions of the present study, the phosphorus in polyphosphate seems to be transferred to RNA polyposphate complex and the phosphorus used in the synthesis of DNA and protein was, directly or indirectly, taken from those fractions above.ose fractions above.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제9권1_2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1966

Using the Chlorella cells which had been uniformly labeled with $^{32}P$, the distribution of phosphorus in various fractions of cell material was investigated. Uniformly $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells were further grown in a P-free medium, and some protions of the cells were taken out at intervals during the culture, and subjected to analyze the contents of $^{32}P$ in various fractins of the cell constituents. 2. Analysis of the $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells showed that the highest in P-content was the fraction of RNA followed by those of lipid, RNA-polyphosphate complex, acid-insoluble polyphosphate, acid-soluble polyphosphate, DNA and protein. 3. During the culture of $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells in a P-free medium, amounts of phosphate in DNA, protein and lipid fractions increased, while the P-contents in the fraction of RNA-polyphosphate complex decreased as well as those of acid-insoluble polyphosphate and acid-soluble polyphosphate fractions. 4. It was inferred that phosphorus used in the syntheses of DNA and protein was taken from polyphosphates of the cells, and RNA-polyphosphate complex would play an important role as a phosphate pool.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2010

The effects of suspended solids size on culture water quality were determined in a commercial recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. The particulate phase of the culture water was serially divided into six size fractions using 300, 200, 100, 75, 45, and 26 ${\mu}m$ pore size stainless sieves. The total, dissolved, and particulate nitrogen and phosphorus, and suspended solids for each fraction were determined. The concentration ranges in the fractions were: total nitrogen, 164-148 mg $L^{-1}$; total phosphorus, 20.4-15.5 mg $L^{-1}$; and total suspended solids, 8.1-6.1 mg $L^{-1}$. The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased significantly (P<0.05) with a 26 ${\mu}m$ and 200 ${\mu}m$ filter pore size, respectively. Nutrients from dissolved organic substances were much higher than from particulates. Analysis of particle size fractionation and its effects on water quality is useful to estimate removal efficiencies of a commercial effluent screening device for solid management and development of solid removal systems.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.219-234
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• 1974

인산고정능(燐酸固定能)이 대단(大端)히 큰 것으로 알려진 제주도(濟州道) 화산회토양(火山灰土壞)에서 시용인산(施用燐酸)의 동태(勳態)를 파악(把握)코저 재배년수(栽培年數)가 다른 감귤원(柑橘園)에서 채취(探取)한 토양(土壤)에 대(對)하여 인산(燐酸)의 분별정량(分別定量)을 행(行)하고 각(各) 토양인산(土壤燐酸)의 축적형태(蓄積形態), 그의 토심(土深)에 따른 변화(變化) 및 이들에 영향(影響)을 미치는 토양(土壤)의 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質)과의 관계(關係)를 비교검토(比較檢討)함과 아울러 인산흡착실험(燐酸吸着實驗)을 행(行)하여 인산흡착(燐酸吸着)에 대(對)한 등온흡착식(等溫吸着式) 및 인산시용량(燐酸施用量) 결정기준(決定基準)인 인산흡수계수(燐酸吸收係數)에 대(對)한 검사(檢討)를 하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 무기인산(無機燐酸)의 분별정량(分別定量)을 Chang & Jackson 법(法)에 의(依)하여 행(行)한 결과 형태별(形態別) 함량(含量)은 Water-soluble p

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.272-279
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• 1988

토양(土壤)의 인산함량(燐酸含量)과 인산(燐酸)의 고정력(固定力)이 상이(相異)하고 토양(土壤)의 특성(特性)을 달리하는 11개(個) 밭토양(土壤)에서 인산(燐酸)을 여러 수준(水準)으로 시용(施用)하고 대두(大豆)를 재배(栽培)하여 토양(土壤)의 여러 인산분획물(燐酸分劃物)이 대두(大豆) 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響)과 인산(燐酸) 분획물(分劃物)들 간(間)의 관계(關係)에 대하여 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 토양중(土壤中) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)이 낮고 인산(燐酸)의 고정력(固定力)이 큰 토양(土壤)에서 인산(燐酸)의 비효(肥效)가 컸으며 대두(大豆) 수량(收量)은 유효인산(有效燐酸) 및 무기태인산함량(無機態燐酸含量)과 유의성(有意性)있는 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였다. 2. 토양(土攘)에 시용(施用)된 인산(燐酸)이 유효인산(有效燐酸) 으로 변화(變化)되는 비율(比率) 즉 유효인산화율(有效燐酸化率)은 2.5-91.7% 범위(範圍)로 토양(土壤)의 종류(種類)에 따라 상이(相異)하였으며 평균(平均) 48.5%이었다. 3. 대두(大豆) 수량(收量), 식물체(植物體) 인산함량(燐酸含量) 및 흡수량(吸收量)과 개화기(開化期)기 토양중(土壤中)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 및 무기태(無機態) 인산함량(燐酸含量)과의 관계(關係)에서 대두(大豆) 수량(水量)은 유효인산(有效燐酸), Al-P 및 Ca-P와 식물체(植物體) 인산함량(燐酸含量) 및 흡수량(吸收量)과는 Fe-P를 제외(除外)하고 모두 유의성(有意性) 있는 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였으나, Fe-P함량(含量)도 제주통(濟州統)을 분리(分籬)해서 보면 유의성(有意性)있는 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였다. 4. 개화기(開花期) 토양중(土壤中) Al-P/Fe-P 비(比)는 인산(燐酸) 시용량(施用量)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 증가(增加)되었으며, 그 증가폭(增加幅)은 토양(土壤)의 종류(種類)에 따라 상이(相異)하였고, 대두수량(大豆收量), 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量), 토양(土壤) 및 식물체(植物體) 인산함량(燐酸含量)과 유의성(有意性) 있는 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였으나, Fe-P와는 유의성(有意性) 있는 상관관계(相關關係)를 보이지 않았다. 5. 개화기(開化期) 토양(土壤)의 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量)은 인산(燐酸) 시용량(施用量)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 점점 감소(減少)되었으며, 감소(減少) 정도(程度)는 인산(燐酸)의 고정력(固定力)이 낮은 토양(土壤)에서 크고 인산(燐酸)의 고정력(固定力)이 큰 토양(土壤)에서 작았다. 한편 토양(土壤)의 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量)은 토양(土壤) 및 식물체(植物體) 인산함량(燐酸含量), 식물체(植物體) 인산(燐酸) 흡수량(吸收量), 무기태(無機態) 인산(燐酸)(Sa-P, Al-P, Ca-P) 함량(含量)과 유의성(有意性) 있는 부(負)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였으며, 수량(收量)과는 유의성(有意性)은 없었지만 부(負)의 상관경향(相關傾向)을 보였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2015

In order to investigate the effect of internal loading from sediment on algal blooming at Chusori area in Daechung Reservoir, the amount and contamination level of sediment and the release rate of total phosphorus were analyzed. The sedimentary layer was consisted with two layers, and the average depth of upper and lower ones were 0.35 and 1.44 m, respectively. The fraction of inorganic phosphorus in the sediment was higher than that of organic phosphorus, and the fractions of phosphorus which responsible for internal loading were very high as in the range of 72.7 and 80.2% of inorganic phosphorus. The C/N ratio of sediment taken with core sampler indicated the organic compounds are originated from settled algae from water body. The average release rate of total phosphorus from sediment was $6.74({\pm}0.50)mg/m^2/day$. These results indicated that the internal loading from sediment contributes the excessive algal growth at Churosi area, and the countermeasures to improve the quality of sediments are required to manage algal blooming in Daechung Reservoir.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2014

Rain events are extremely important for phosphorus (P) dynamics in rivers since large portions of annual river P loads can be transported in particulate forms during only a few major events. Despite their importance, a precise estimation of P contribution in river sediments after rainy seasons has rarely been reported. This study estimated the longitudinal variation in the concentrations of different inorganic P fractions in bed sediments of the South Han River over a rainy season, through using the sequential extraction method. Non-apatite P was the dominant form, representing more than 60% of total inorganic P (TIP) content in sediments. Although no significant variation of TIP contents was observed, the proportion of bioavailable P in TIP pools decreased after the rainy season. The concentrations of individual inorganic P fractions ($NH_4Cl-P$, $NH_4F-P$, NaOH-P, and $H_2SO_4-P$) were significantly different across sites and after the rainy season (p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA). $NH_4F-P$ and NaOH-P concentrations in sediments increased in a downstream direction. After the rainy season, $NH_4Cl-P$ concentrations in sediments decreased whereas $NH_4F-P$ and $H_2SO_4-P$ concentrations increased. The redistribution of individual P fractions in sediments observed after rainy seasons were possibly due to the changing contribution of various sources of runoff and the variation in flow related particle size. Current estimation of P in bed sediments of the South Han River suggests a lower potential of internal P loading from sediments after the rainy season.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2014

Weirs are conventional structures that control water level and velocity in streams to facilitate water resource management. Despite many weirs built in streams, there is little information how weirs change hydrology regime and how that translates to sediment and phosphorus (P) responses. This study evaluated the influence of weirs on P retention and mobilization in an urban tributary of the Han River in Korea. Total P concentrations in sediments upstream of weirs were higher than the downstream site, mainly due to the increase of potentially available fractions (labile P and aluminum- and iron-bound P) (p < 0.05). Equilibrium phosphorus concentrations ($EPC_o$) were lower than soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations of stream waters, but there was an increasing trend of sediment $EPC_o$ upstream of weirs compared to the downstream site (p < 0.001) indicating a greater potential for P release upstream of weirs. Sediment core incubation showed that SRP release rates upstream of weirs were higher than the downstream site under anoxic conditions of the water column (p < 0.01), but not under oxic conditions. SRP release rates under anoxic conditions were greater than that measured under oxic conditions. Un-neutral pH and increased temperature could also enhance SRP release rates upstream of weirs. We conclude that weirs can increase P retention within stream sediments and potentially promote significant P releases into waters, which in turn cause eutrophication.