• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2119-2123
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• 2007

This study deals with performance characteristics of heat pipe combined with a solid-liquid phase change material(PCM). The outer diameter of the heat pipe was 9.5 mm and the total length was 600 mm, where the evaporator, the adiabatic section and the condenser lengths were equally 200 mm. A paraffin wax having a melting point of 58.5$^{\circ}C$ was used as PCM. The paraffin container was attached to the adiabatic section of the heat pipe. The paraffin container had outer diameter of 18 mm, wall thickness of 1.2 mm and the total length of 100 mm. The heat pipe was tested with tilt angle of horizontal degree and favorite angle 10 degree, with evaporator lower position to provide stable operation of the heat pipe. Input thermal load was varied from 40 W, with increment of 40 W, to above 100 W until the maximum temperature of the heat pipe wall reached 200$^{\circ}C$. Test results of the PCM heat pipe were presented in comparison with conventional heat pipe of the same basic dimensions. The performance was analyzed in terms of temperature distribution, thermal resistance and heat transport capability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 기존의 GST(GeSbTe=2:2:5)와 비교하여 상변화 재료로서의 Ga 도핑된 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$의 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 실험에 사용된 Ga 도핑된 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ 박막은 전통적 melt-quenching 방법에 의해 비정질로 제작된 벌크를 Thermal evaporation을 통하여 Si(100) 및 유리 (coming glass, 7059) 기판 위에 200nm의 두께로 증착하여 제작하였다. 각 박막의 상변화 특성은 여러 온도에서 열처리된 박막을 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 측정을 통하여 확인하였다. 각 조성 박막의 비정질-결정질 상변화속도 비교를 위하여 나노-펄스 스캐너 (nano-pulse scanner)를 사용하여 power; 1~17mW, pulse duration; 10~460ns 범위에서 박막의 상변화에 따른 반사도 차이를 측정 분석하였다. Ga의 도핑농도에 따른 전기적 특성 차이를 확인하기 위하여 4-point probe를 이용하여 박막의 면 저항을 측정하였고 또한 hall 측정을 통하여 박막의 흘 계수, 흘 농도 및 이동도를 확인하고 Ga가 상전이에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2010

상변화 재료로 가장 널리 이용되고 있는 $Ge^2Sb^2Te^5$ 박막에 전기전도성이 높은 Au를 첨가하여 상변환 특성을 연구하였다. ($Au)_x(Ge^2Sb^2Te^5)_{1-x}$ (X = 0, 0.05, 0.1) 박막은 Si 와 Glass 위에 Au 타켓과 $Ge^2Sb^2Te^5$ 타겟을 Co Sputtering 하여 만들었다. 증착된 박막은 Nanopulse Scanner 를 사용하여 결정화 속도를 측정하였다. 또한 $100^{\circ}C{\sim}400^{\circ}C$까지 $25^{\circ}C$간격으로 열처리 후 4 point prove를 이용하여 열처리 온도에 따른 저항의 차이를 측정하였으며 비정질 - 결정질 천이의 구조를 확인하기 위하여 XRD를 측정하였다. UV-VIS/IR 장비를 사용하여 비정질 박막과 결정화된 박막의 물성과 전기적 특성을 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.229-230
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 비정질-결정질간 가역적 상변화 기록 매질로 이용되고 있는 $(Ag_{5.5}In_{6.5}Sb_{59}Te_{29})$ 합금 박막의 Ag 조성 증가에 따른 원자구조와 상변화 특성간의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 실험에 사용된 AgInSbTe 조성은 5N의 금속 파우더를 용융-냉각법으로 벌크를 제작하였고 열증착 방법으로 Si (100) 및 유리(corning glass, 7059) 기판위에 200 nm 두께로 박막을 증착하였다. 비정질 박막의 결정화속도를 평가하기 위해서 658 nm의 LD가 장착된 나노-펄스 스캐너를 이용하여 power; 1~17mW, pulse duration; 10~460 ns의 범위에서 각 조성의 상변화에 따른 반사도 차이를 측정, 비교 분석하였다. 또한 각각의 박막을 $100^{\circ}C$ 에서 $300^{\circ}C$까지 $50^{\circ}C$ 간격으로 $N_2$ 분위기에서 1시간동안 열처리 한 후 XRD와 UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer를 사용하여 각 상의 구조분석 및 광학적 특성을 분석하였으며, 4-point probe로 면저항을 측정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2007

AgInSbTe물질은 compact disc rewritable(CD-RW)와 rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD+RW)과 같은 상변화 기록매체에 널리 쓰여지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 AgInSbTe조성에 Te가 증가되었을때 변화하는 상변화 특성에 대한 연구를 수행하기 위하여 ($Ag_{3.4}In_{3.7}Sb_{76.4}Te_{16.5})x(Te)1-x$의 조성 (x=1,0.9,0.8,0.7)의 벌크 및 박막시료를 제작하였고 열증착방식을 이용하여 200nm 두께의 박막을 형성하였다. 각 박막은 질소분위기에서 100-300도 범위에 1 시간동안 열처리 하였고 XRD와 UV-ViS-NIR Spectrophotometer룰 통해 각 조성의 구조 및 광학적 특성 분석을 살시하였다. 또한 as-deposited 박막에 대하여 4-point probe를 사용하여 면저항을 측정하였고 AFM (atom force microscopy)을 통해 표면분석을 실시하였다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

This paper presents a design method of programmable low pass filter(PLPF) which reduce an estimation error of a zero crossing point(ZCP) for a high speed brushless DC(BLDC) motor drive. BLDC motor sensorless drive is possible by estimation of ZCP. The ZCP estimated by detecting a change of back-EMF polarity has the estimation error because noises exist on the measured back-EMF. Therefore a calculated commutation timing using the ZCP is inaccurate. And the inexact commutation timing leads to ripples of 3-phase current and degradation of drive performance. This paper proposes the design method of the PLPF to overcome these problems. First, a speed calculated a inaccurate period of the ZCP is analyzed in the frequency domain. Then, the PLPF that has varying cut-off frequency according to change of the speed is designed on the frequency analysis result. The proposed method is verified by the experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2009

Si 도핑한 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ 박막은 비정질상에서의 열적 안정성증가, fcc에서 hex상으로의 상전이 억제, 활성화 에너지 증가 등의 특성을 보인다. 본 연구에서는 Si 도핑에 의한 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ 박막의 전기적 그리고 구조적인 특성에 관한 실험을 진행하였다. 실험에 사용된 Si 도핑 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ 박막은 Si 기판 위에 radio frequency power supply를 사용해 Si과 $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ 타겟을 co-sputtering하여 증착하였다. Si의 sputtering 파워를 달리하여 실리콘의 농도를 다르게 증착 하였고 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)를 사용하여 박막의 Si 농도를 측정하였다. 증착된 박막은 질소 분위기 하에서 $5\;^{\circ}C$/min으로 열처리 하여 여러 온도와 Si 농도에서의 박막의 특성을 측정하였다. 열처리 전, 후의 박막은 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 분석을 통하여 각각의 온도에서의 구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 열처리 온도에 따르는 필름의 전기적 특성 파악을 위해서 four-point probe를 이용하여 박막의 면저항을 측정하였고 그 값은 3 회 이상 측정하여 평균값을 사용하였다. Nano-pulse scanner를 사용하여 다양한 파워범위와 펄스폭 범위에서의 박막의 상변화에 따른 반사도 차이를 측정하여 각 조성에서의 비정질-결정질상 변화속도를 분석하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discern the critical point in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation by changing plasma free fatty acids (FFA) level in rat. In the study, 3 key steps in lipid oxidation were examined after changing plasma FFA level by acipimox. The rates of both palmitate and palmitoylcarnitine oxidation were decreased by decrease of plasma FFA level, however, carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) 1 activity was not changed, suggesting CPT1 activity may not be involved in the fatty acid oxidation at the early phase of plasma FFA change. In the fasted rats, ${\beta}-hydroxy$ acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (${\beta}$-HAD) activity was depressed to a similar extent as palmitate oxidation by a decrease of plasma FFA level. This suggested that ${\beta}-oxidation$ might be an important process to regulate fatty acid oxidation at the early period of plasma FFA change. Citrate synthase activity was not altered by the change of plasma FFA level. In conclusion, the critical step in fatty acids oxidation of skeletal muscles by the change of plasma FFA level by acipimox in fasting rats might be the ${\beta}-oxidation$ step rather than CPT1 and TCA cycle pathways.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.41
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• pp.125-170
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• 2011

In Korea, the evolution of welfare for people with disabilities can be divided largely four stages. The first phase is before 1981, the second is from 1981 to 1988, the third is from 1989 to 2006 and the fourth phase is from 2007 to now. In the first phase people with disabilities were considered as ones of charity. In the second period the welfare ideal for people with disabilities was appeared. In the third, the framework of welfare system for people with disabilities was formed and welfare services began to be expanded. The fourth phase has been the time to secure human right and social services for people with disabilities. In Korea, for people with disabilities, 2007 was the year of historical turning point. "The Act of Prohibition on Disability Discrimination and Remedy for Right"was built that year and became effective the next year. Also "The Special Education Act for People with disabilities" was enacted newly. "The Disabled Welfare Act" was amended for the change of welfare paradigm. The change is introduction of Independent Living. After 2007 Korean legal systems for people with disabilities have been improved largely.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.110-116
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• 2017

This paper proposed a new real-time parameter tracking algorithm. Unlike the convenience algorithms, the proposed real-time parameter tracking algorithm can estimate parameters through three-phase voltage and electric current without coordination transformation, and does not need information on magnetic flux. Therefore, it can estimate parameters regardless of the change according to operation point and cross-saturation effect. In addition, as the quasi-real-time parameter tracking technique can estimate parameters through the four fundamental arithmetic operations instead of complicated algorithms such as numerical value analysis technique and observer design, it can be applied to low-performance DSP. In this paper, a new real-time parameter tracking algorithm is derived from three phase equation. The validity and usefulness of the proposed inductance estimation technique is verified by simulation and experimental results.