• 제목/요약/키워드: Phacellium

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한국산 Cercospora 및 관련 속의 분류학적 연구 (IV) (Taxonomic Studies on Cercospora and Allied Genera in Korea (IV))

  • 김정동;신현동
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제26권4호통권87호
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    • pp.437-449
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    • 1998
  • 본 연구는 1990년부터 국내에서 채집하여 고려대학교 농생물학과 진균표본보관소(SMK)에 보존하고 있는 Cercospora 및 관련 속의 진균을 대상으로 분류학적 연구를 실시한 결과의 네 번째 보고이다. 이번에는 Cercospora 3종, Phacellium 1종 Pseudocercospora 2종, Pseudocercosporella 1종 및 Ramularia 3종에 대한 균학적 특징을 기재, 묘사하였다. 고추에서 Cercospora capsici, 꽃황새냉이에서 C. cardaminae, 느러진장대와 장대나물에서 C. nasturtii, 쇠별꽃과 별꽃에서 Phacellium episphaerium, 구기자나무에서 Pseudocercospora chengtuensis, 고욤나무에서 P. diospyri-morrisianae, 배추와 유채 및 냉이에서 Pseudocercosporella capsellae, 나도냉이에서 Ramularia armoraciae, 익모초에서 R. lamii var. lamii, 수영 및 소리쟁이에서 R. pratensis var. pratensis를 각각 동정하였다.

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Morphology, Phylogeny and Ecology of Hyphomycetes Hyperparasitic to Rusts

  • Park, Mi-Jeong;Park, Jong-Han;Hong, Seung-Beom;Shin, Hyeon-Dong
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국균학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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    • pp.55-55
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    • 2015
  • Rust is one of the most destructive diseases on economically important plants such as agricultural and horticultural crops, as well as forest trees [1]. Chemical treatment is the most effective means to control rust, but use of the chemical fungicides involves inevitable risks to human health and environment [2]. Unfortunately, biocontrol is currently impracticable for rust disease management [3]. It is necessary to exploit biocontrol agents to help prevent rust diseases. As a fundamental research for future development of biocontrol agents for rusts, biodiversity of hyperparasites occurring on rust fungi was investigated. During 2006-2010, 197 fungal isolates of the rust hyperparasites were collected and isolated from various combinations of mycohosts and plant hosts in many regions of Korea. Based on morphological and molecular data, they were identified as 8 genera and 12 species. Besides, phylogenetic relationships between the hyperparasites and related taxa were inferred. A total of 114 isolates of Pseudovirgaria were obtained from rust pustules of Phragmidium spp. and Pucciniastrum agrimoniae infecting rosaceous plants. Phylogenetic analysis using multigene sequences revealed a high level of genetic variability among many isolates of Pseudovirgaria and close correlation between the isolates and mycohosts. Only two species of Pseudovirgaria, P. hyperparasitica and P. grisea are often difficult to distinguish by their morphological similarity, but on the molecular basis they were clearly differentiated from each other. There had been no previous record of P. grisea outside Europe, but the present study has proved its presence in Korea. Among six distinct groups (five of P. hyperparasitica and one of P. grisea) within the Pseudovirgaria isolates, each lineage of P. hyperparasitica was closely associated with specific mycohosts and thus might have cospeciated with their mycohosts, which probably led to coevolution. Although P. grisea possesses a host preference for Phragmidium species occurring on Rubus, it was not specific for a mycohost. P. grisea seems to evolve in the direction of having a broad mycohost range. Seventeen isolates of Verticillium-like fungi were isolated from rust sori. Based on morphological data and DNA sequence analysis, the isolates were identified as three Lecanicillium species, viz. L. attenuatum, Lecanicillium sp. 1, Lecanicillium sp. 2, and V. epiphytum. The unidenified two species of Lecanicillium appear to be previously unknown taxa. Sixty-six isolates of miscellaneous hyphomycetes belonging to 6 species of 5 genera were obtained from pustules of rust fungi. On the basis of morphological and molecular analyses, the miscellaneous hyphomycetes growing on rusts were identified as Acrodontium crateriforme, Cladophialophora pucciniophila, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Phacellium vossianum, Ramularia coleosporii, and R. uredinicola.

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