• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.243-255
• /
• 2017

Plants planted in the green-roofed areas in Busan and Jinju were surveyed. The woody plants investigated in this study were classified into 52 families and 156 species, and the herbaceous plants were classified into 30 families and 97 species. Woody plants mainly planted were Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, R. indicum, C. kousa, P. mume, and E. alatus. However, Pinus spp. were planted in all areas. The main herbaceous species planted were Sedum kamtschaticum, S. takesimense, S. middendorffianum, T. quinquecostatus var. japonica, and A. spathulifolius Maxim. According to surveying the distribution of woody plant pests, they could be classified into six orders, 24 families, and 46 species that usually appeared from April to October but especially between June and September. We investigated 39 insect species in relation to pest damage to leaves, 21 insect species in relation to that of branches, and 39 insect species in relation to that of stems of woody plants.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 1997

Biological control of turfgrass insect pest Blitopertha orientalis, forest insect pests, Agelastica coerulea, Meganola melancholia, and Glyphodes perspectalis,vegetable insect pests, Plutella xylostella and Agrotis segetum were conducted with entonopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae J-22 isolated from black pine forest soil in Cheju province. Mortality of B. orientalis larvae was 53.3% at the rate of 3.4 $\times$ 1O 7 conidia /ml. A. coerulea and M melancholia larvae showed 100% mortalities at 9.6 $\times$ 106 conidia /ml and 2.7 $\times$ 10 7 conidia /ml as well. However, G. perspectalis larvae were not dead even at 4$\times$ 1O 7 conidia /ml. On the other hand, M anisopliae J-22 was effective against P. xylostella larvae showing 100% mortality at 4 $\times$ 10 7 conidia /ml. KEy words:Entomopathogenic fungi, Biological control, Metarhizium anisopliae, Pathogenicity,Blitopertha orientalis, Agelastica coerulea, Meganola melancholia, Glyphodes perspectalis,Plutella xylostella, Agrotis segetum.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2003

Accurate forecasting of occurrence time and abundance of insect pests is essential for developing technology of integrated pest management system. Digital image processing algorithms were utilized to automatically recognize rice planthoppers which are major insect pests in the rice cultivation field and were subsequently used to estimate densities in the field for efficient forecasting of insect pests. To the images taken in the rice field, image decomposition, top-hat transformation, threshold, and minimum and maximum filter were implemented for patterning individually the brown planthopper specimens attached at the bottom area of rice stems. In average 95.8cio of images were correctly recognized for estimating densities by the developed system, and the recognition rate was higher than that obtained from direct observations by experienced observers. Furthermore, the size of the recognized specimens was measured and was used for estimating the age structure in the observed brown planthopper populations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.94 no.5 s.162
• /
• pp.334-337
• /
• 2005

Pine wood nematode isolates from Haman, Gyoungsangnam-do were cryopreserved with three different cryoprotectants (glycerol, ethylene glycol and dimethylsulfoxide), Nematode Growth medium (NGM) and M 9 buffer solution, respectively, and then survival rate, reproduction ability, and pathogenicity of stored nematodes were compared. Survival rates of juvenile was excellent in 15% glycerol solution as $72{\pm}5.3%$. The survival ability of nematodes at juvenile stage was more efficient than that of nematodes at adult stage. Pre-incubation treatment at $4^{\circ}C$ before storing in liquid nitrogen didn't affect the survival ability of pine wood nematode. When the reproduction ability of nematodes was confirmed on Botrytis cinerea agar plates at $28^{\circ}C$ incubator, there was no difference between cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved. Pathogenic ability of cryopreserved nematodes was also evaluated and confirmed by artificially inoculating them on 2-year old red pine seedlings.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.340-346
• /
• 2016

To understand how Bursaphelenchus xylophilus kills pine trees, the differences between the effects of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus on pine trees are usually compared. In this study, the migration and attacking ability of a non-pathogenic B. mucronatus in Pinus thunbergii were investigated. The distribution of B. mucronatus and the number of dead epithelial cells resulting from inoculation were compared with those of the pathogenic B. xylophilus. Although B. mucronatus is non-pathogenic in pines, its distribution pattern in P. thunbergii was the same as that of B. xylophilus. We therefore concluded that the non-pathogenicity of B. mucronatus could not be attributed to its migration ability. The sparse and sporadic attacking pattern of B. mucronatus was also the same as that of B. xylophilus. However, the number and area of the dead epithelial cells in pine cuttings inoculated with B. mucronatus were smaller than in those cuttings inoculated with B. xylophilus, meaning that the attacking ability of B. mucronatus is weaker than that of B. xylophilus. Therefore, we concluded that the weaker attacking ability of B. mucronatus might be the factor responsible for the non-pathogenicity.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.344-349
• /
• 2013

Intraspecific variation in morphometry of pine wood nematodes Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus in relation to geographical locations in South Korea was investigated using morphometric characters (body length, a, b and c ratio, stylet length, and spicule length for a male nematode and V (%) value for a female nematode). B. xylophilus was isolated from Pinus thunbergii in Jinju (1998), Ulsan (2000), Yangsan (2000), Mokpo (2001) and Jeju (2004), and from P. densiflora in Gumi (2001). B. mucronatus was isolated from P. thunbergii in Jinju (1991) and from P. densiflora in Milyang (2001). The body length of male and female B. xylophilus had the highest coefficient of variability and showed significant differences among geographical locations. The V (%) value for female B. xylophilus showed the lowest coefficient of variability, changing little with geographical area and host plant. All morphometric characters in B. mucronatus except for stylet length and female body length showed no significant differences between locations or hosts, suggesting they may not be affected by geographical area or host plant.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.52-56
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND: It is known that impacts of climate change on damage occurrence by insect pests and diseases are increasing. The negative effects of climate change on production will threaten our food security. It is needed that on the basis of analysis of the impacts, proper strategies in response to climate change are developed. METHODS AND RESULTS: The objective of this paper is to estimate impacts of climate change on rice damage occurrence by insect pests and diseases, using the panal model which analyzes both cross-section data and time series data. The result of an analysis on impacts of climate change on rice damage occurrence by pest insect and disease showed that the damage occurrence by Rice leaf roller and Rice water weevil increased if temperature increased, and damage occurrence by Stripe, Sheath blight, and Leaf Blast increased if precipitation(or amount of sunshine) increased(or decreased). CONCLUSION: Adaptation strategies, supplying weather forecasting information by region, developing systematical strategies for prevention of damage occurrence by pest insect and disease, analyzing the factors of damage occurrence by unexpected pest insect and disease, enforcing international cooperation for prevention of damage occurrence are needed to minimize the impacts of damage occurrence on rice production.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2008

Nine species of Curculionidae, Pimelocerus elongates (Roelofs, 1873), Phylaitis maculiventris Voss, 1958, Egiona picta (Roelofs, 1875), Cryptorhynchus electus (Roelofs, 1875), Rhadinopus confinis Voss, 1958, R. sulcatostriatus (Roelofs, 1875), 1962, Deiradocranus setosus (Morimoto, 1962), Rhadinomerus annulipes (Roelofs, 1875), and R. maebarai Chujo et Voss, 1960 are recorded for the first time in Korea. And the distribution of the species of Shirahoshizo hiurai Morimoto to Korea which its distribution was unclear is confirmed with this report. Habitus photos and descriptions of the species are given.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.235-239
• /
• 2003

The silkworm Bombyx mori L. was studied as the potential “host” of popular in Uzbekistan biocontrol ectoparasite, entomophagous Bracon hebetor Say. Being one of representatives of economic-beneficial insects, the silkworm (larvae, pupae and imago) can be used as highly sensitive test organism for revealing of neuro toxic effects of insects venom as well as of their purified components in screening assays. In comparative aspect, except a mulberry silkworm, representatives of Uzbekistan pests cotton-boll worm Helycoverpa armigera Hbn., lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Wlk., codling moth Corpocapsa pomonella L., malaria mosquito Anopheles claviger and Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say have been subjected to insect toxic test of bracon venom gland extract (VGE) and its fractions which were obtained by gel-chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The paralyzing effect of the VGE and its fractions was shown in a various degree on the pests.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.60 no.2
• /
• pp.137-140
• /
• 2017

Agricultural pests, diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and two-spotted spider mite (Teyranychus urticae), are becoming major pests in human dwellings in a variety of ways across the world. For management of these pests, the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum and Cinnamomum cassia prepared by steam distillation, hexane extraction and supercritical extraction methods were evaluated for the insecticidal effects. Using the contact bioassay, the $LD_{50}$ value of C. sativum oil by steam distillation extraction method was $30.59{\mu}g/cm^2$ against M. persicae adults. The $LD_{50}$ values of C. cassia oils prepared by steam distillation and hexane extraction methods were 5.96 and $4.64{\mu}g/cm^2$, respectively, against T. urticae adults, and $LD_{50}$ value of the essential oil by supercritical extraction method was $6.50{\mu}g/cm^2$ against M. persicae adults. This study showed that C. sativum and C. cassia oils could be an effective natural acaricide and insecticide against agricultural pests.