• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2012

Applicability of 8 day interval flow data for the calibration of hydrologic model was evaluated using Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) at Kyungan watershed. The 8 day interval flow monitored by Ministry of Environment located at upstream was calibrated and periodically validated during 2004-2008. And continuous daily flow monitored by Ministry of Construction & Transportation (MOCT) and located at the mouth was compared with daily simulated data during 2004-2007 as spatial validation. Automatic calibration tool which is Model-Independent Parameter Estimation & Uncertainty Analysis (PEST) was applied for HSPF calibration procedure. The model efficiencies for calibration and periodic validation were 0.63 and 0.88, and model performances were fair and very good, respectively, based on criteria of calibration tolerances. Continuous daily stream flow at the mouth of Kyungan watershed were good agreement with observed continuous daily stream flow with showing 0.63 NS value. The PEST program is very useful tool for HSPF hydrologic calibration using non-continuous daily stream flow as well as continuous daily stream flow. The 8 day interval flow data monitored by MOE could be used to calibrate hydrologic model if the continuous daily stream flow is unavailable.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2024

Harmful pet insects, if not controlled, can negatively affect people, plants and their surrounding environment. In Vietnam, all crops are regularly impacted by pest insects. In serious cases, crops can be totally destroyed by insect pests. Harmful insects that damage crops often grow fast and increase rapidly. Therefore, research on insects is crucial for managing pests, protecting crops, and forecasting pest situation in the following years. This study aimed to collect data regarding changes of pests on rice and corn as two main crops in four provinces in Red River Delta of Vietnam, including Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, and Hung Yen, from 2018 to 2022. Primary data were collected from reports of government agencies and official statistics. Based on these data, this study evaluated changes of pest insects in five years, discussed reasons for such changes and response methods, and forecasted pest's behavior in the following years. Significant findings of this study include the fact that Vietnam has to face many difficulties to develop its agricultural sector. For insect management, an essential action is to do ground surveys to gather all related data including weather data, pesticide data, crop yield, and product quality. This information is meaningful for finding out causes of changes, understanding relationships between insects and surrounding factors, and predicting the situation in the following years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.133-143
• /
• 2018

In spite of the growing importance of landscaping trees, the rate of flawed and withered trees damaged by pest, disease, drought or frost is increasing. In order to evaluate the performance of the Tree Protective Pad, which are developed to reduce the failure ratio in landscape planting, the tree protective pad for 'digging', 'pest controlling', and 'insulating' are tested based on the five functional criteria; moisturizing effect, wither preventive effect, pest and disease control, thermal effect, tensile strength, and environmental performance. The result of this study is as follows. The moisturizing effect of the tree protective pad for digging is found to be outstanding. According to the result of testing the pad on trees, in particular, it is better than jute tape in wither preventive effect, which means it is expected to prevent flaw and wilt from planting during the improper seasons like summertime. The experiment of installing the protective tree pad for pest controlling to the trunk of Quercus mongolica shows that preventive effect of the pad from diseases and insects is superior, and it also has economical effect by reducing the use of agricultural chemicals. The comparative test of the pad for insulating and jute tape proves that the temperature of the pad is about $2^{\circ}C$ higher than outside. The rate of tensile strength and biodegradation of the pad exceeds the optimal level, so it is revealed that the pad may be the work efficient and environment-friendly product. Likewise, by timely irrigating trees, the tree protective pad economically prevents trees from pest, disease,drought or frost, which may be caused by improper seasonal or delayed planting. As a means of reducing the flaw and facilitating the growth of trees, the exceptional performance of the pad is expected to effectively used in landscape planting and management.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2007

The majority of farm managers growing the garden products in greenhouse concern massively about the diagnosis and prevention of the breeding and extermination for pests. especially, the managing problem for pests turns up as main issue. In the paper, we first build a wireless sensor network with soil and environment sensors such as illumination, temperature and humidity. And then we design and implement multimedia pest predication and management system which is able to predict and manage various pest of garden products in greenhouse. The proposed system can support the database with information about the pests by building up wireless sensor network in greenhouse compared with existing high-priced PLC device as well as collect various environment information from soil, the interior of greenhouse, and the exterior of greenhouse. To verify the good capability of our system, we implemented several GUI interface corresponding desktop. web, and PDA mobile platform based on real greenhouse model. Finally, we can confirm that our system work well prediction and management of pest of garden products in greenhouse based on several platforms.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.514-522
• /
• 2022

Non-destructive testing (NDT) technology is a widely used inspection method for agricultural products. Compared with the conventional inspection method, there is no extensive sample preparation for NDT technology, and the sample is not damaged. In particular, NDT technology is used to inspect the internal structure of agricultural products infested by pests. The introduction and spread of pests during the import and export process can cause significant damage to the agricultural environment. Until now, pest detection in agricultural products and quarantine processes have been challenging because they used external inspection methods. However, NDT technology is advantageous in these inspection situations. In this pilot study, we investigated the feasibility of X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify pest infestation in agricultural products. Three kinds of artificially pest-infested fruits (mango, tangerine, and chestnut) were non-destructively inspected using X-ray CT and MRI. X-ray CT was able to identify all pest infestations in fruits, while MRI could not detect the pest-infested chestnut. In addition, X-ray CT was superior to the quarantine process than MRI based on the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image acquisition time, and cost. Therefore, X-ray CT is more appropriate for the pest quarantine process of fruits than MRI.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 1973

The yield of rice is increased to amounts of fertilizer applied in paddy field but excessive application of fertilizer stimulates outbreaks of disease and insect pest. If, therefore, diseases and pests stimulated by excessive application of fertilizer would be effectively controlled, increaseed yield of rice would be possible. This experiment was conducted to determine the fertilizer application rate that would produce maximum yields when diseases and pests are controlled. 1. The fertilizer application rates and the incidence of leaf and apanicle blast were positively correlated at the $1\%$ level. 2, Without disease and pest control the maximum yield of hulled rice was 347-378kg/10a, which occurred at nitorgen application levels of 8.0-8.5 kg/10a. with effective control of diseases and pests the maximum yield of hulled was 453-462 kg/10a, which occurred at nitrogen application levels of 18.5-19.0 kg/10a. Yield increase at appropriate nitrogen levels by disease and pest control resulted in more than 100 kg/10a. 3. There was no significant yield difference between the NPK experimental plots with fixed PK levels and with varying PK levels. 4. The maximum effect of disease and pest .control as expressed biy yield index of hulled rice was $65\%$, the minimum effect was $30\%$, the average effects were $42-45\%$.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.205-240
• /
• 1992

In reality, it is a green revolution of the entire agricultural matrix in Korea that integrated pest control plays an important role in the possible breakthrough in rice self-sufficiency. In paddy agroecosystem as man-modified environment, rice is newly established every year by transplantation under diverse water regimes which affect a microclimate. Standing water benefits rice by regulating the microclimate, but it favors the multiplication of certain pets through the amelioration of the microclimate. Further, the introduction of high yielding varieties with the changing of cultural practices results in changing occurrence pattern of certain pests. In general, japonica type varieties lack genes resistant to most of the important pests and insect-borne virus diseases, whereas indica type possesses more genes conferring varietal resistance. Thus, this differences among indica type, form the background of different approaches to pest management. The changes in rice cultivation such as double cropping, growing high-yielding varieties requiring heavy fertilization, earlier transplanting, intensvie-spacing transplanting, and intensive pesticide use as a consequence of the adoption of improves rice production technology, have intensified the pest problems rather than reduced them. The cultivation of resistant varieties are highly effective to the pest, their long term stability is threathened because of the development of new biotypes which can detroy these varieties. So far, three biotypes of N. lugens are reported in Korea. Since each resistant variety is expected to maintain several years the sequential release of another new variety with a different gene at intervals is practised as a gene rotation program. Another approach, breeding multilines that have more than two genes for resistance in a variety are successfully demonstrated. The average annual rice losses during the last 15 years of 1977-’91 are 9.3% due to insect pests without chemical control undertaken, wehreas there is a average 2.4% despite farmers’insecticide application at the same period. In other words, the average annual losses are prvented by 6.9% when chemical control is properly employed. However, the continuous use of a same group of insecticides is followed by the development of pest resistance. Resistant development of C. suppressalis, L. striatellus and N. cincticeps is observed to organophosphorous insecticides by the mid-1960s, and to carbamates by the early 1970s in various parts of the country. Thus, it is apparent that a scheduled chemical control for rice production systems becomes uneconomical and that a reduction in energy input without impairing the rice yield, is necessarily improved through the implementation of integrated pest management systems. Nationwide pest forecasting system conducted by the government organization is a unique network of investigation for purpose of making pest control timely in terms of economic thresholds. A wise plant protection is expected to establish pest management systems in appropriate integration of resistant varieties, biological agents, cultural practices and other measures in harmony with minimizing use of chemical applications as a last weapon relying on economic thresholds.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2017

The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), a plant pest, and gray mold disease, caused by Botrytis cinerea, affect vegetables and fruit crops all over the world. To control this aphid and mold, farmers typically rely on the use of chemical insecticides or fungicides. However, intensive use of these chemicals over many years has led to the development of resistance. To overcome this problem, there is a need to develop alternative control methods to suppress populations of this plant pest and pathogen. Recently, potential roles have been demonstrated for entomopathogenic fungi in endophytism, phytopathogen antagonism, plant growth promotion, and rhizosphere colonization. Here, the antifungal activities of selected fungi with high virulence against green peach aphids were tested to explore their potential for the dual control of B. cinerea and M. persicae. Antifungal activities against B. cinerea were evaluated by dual culture assays using both aerial conidia and cultural filtrates of entomopathogenic fungi. Two fungal isolates, Beauveria bassiana SD15 and Metarhizium anisopliae SD3, were identified as having both virulence against aphids and antifungal activity. The virulence of these isolates against aphids was further tested using cultural filtrates, blastospores, and aerial conidia. The most virulence was observed in the simultaneous treatment with blastospores and cultural filtrate. These results suggest that the two fungal isolates selected in this study could be used effectively for the dual control of green peach aphids and gray mold for crop protection.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
• /
• v.9 no.7
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 2020

As the consumption of fishery products continues to increase, aquaculture industry has emerged instead of fishing industry facing limitations of fish stock resources. Recently, smart fish farming industry has rapidly developed through convergence with 4th Industrial Revolution technology. Accordingly, it is important to derive a future model of smart fish farming platforms in order to secure the superiority of the aquaculture industry and the technology standard hegemony. In this study, the future direction of smart fish farm platform was derived through the analysis of environment related to politics, economy, society, and technology related to smart fish farming by applying PEST methodology of macro-environment analysis. It is expected that it will help the public and industrial circles in planning and implementing related projects by including the entire process of value chain of aquaculture industry of breeding, production, management and distribution, and by presenting advanced models based on artificial intelligence and digital twin.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.49-61
• /
• 2021

Integrated mite management provided a basic direction to early the fruit tree IPM. The early IPM concept was based on incorporation of the biological control for mite pests with the existing chemical control compatibly. Since then, the hypotheses and mechanisms of the interaction between species diversity and pest population dynamics have provided a broader understanding of mite-centered pest management in fruit tree ecosystems. Based on the principle of the ecosystem, biological control and pest management through habitat modification or manipulation are developing to the concept of agro-ecological engineering. In particular, the natural enemy diversity is dynamically changed according to the different cultivation environment in the management of mite pests, and the species composition of phytophagous mites is also changed by the environment for orchard management. This paper reviews the biological control of mites, which was the basis of apple IPM, and also re-examines the topics of species diversity and pest management, predacious mite diversity in relation to mite control and the change of species composition of mite pests in the sight of ecological engineering. Finally, we suggest a strategy for biological control of spider mites in apple orchards in Korea.