• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2004

In a variety of animal species, the perinatal exposure of experimental animals to the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo­p-dioxin (TCDD) leads to the immune dysfunction, which is more severe and persistent than that caused by adult exposure. We report here the changes of gene expression and the identification of the marker-genes representing the dioxin exposure. The expressions of the transcripts were analyzed using the 11 K oligonucleotide­microarray from the bone marrow cells of male C57BL/6J mice after an intraperitoneal injection of $1{\mu}g$ TCDD/kg body weight at various time intervals: gestational 6.5 day(G6.5), 13.5 day(G13.5), 18.5 day(G18.5), and postnatal 3 (P3W)and 6 week (P6W). The type of self-organizing maps(SOM) representing the specific exposure dioxin could be identified as follows; G6.5D(C14), G13.5D(C0, C5, C10, C18), G18.5D(7): P3W(C2, C21), and P6W(C4, C15, C20). The candidate marker-genes were restricted to the transcripts, which could be consistently expressed greater than $\pm$2-fold in three experiments. The resulting candidates were 85 genes, the characteristics of that were involved in cell physiology and cell functions such as cell proliferation and immune function. We identified the biomarker-genes for dioxin exposure: smc -like 2 from SOM C14 for the dioxin exposure at G6.5D, focal adhesion kinase and 6 other genes from C0, and protein tyrosine phosphatase 4a2 and 3 other genes from C5 for G13.5D, platelet factor 4 from C7 for G18.5D, fos from C2 for P3W.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2008

We have detected the slime mold, Diachea leucopodia (GNU06-10) in a strawberry greenhouse located in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongnam. Typical fruiting bodies had developed gregariously on the strawberry leaves, petioles, and plant debris on ground soil habitat, and also surprisingly on plastic pipes and a vinyl covering. Field samples were examined via stereomicroscopy, light microscopy, and SEM for the determination of morphological characteristics. Dark-brown to black spores formed gregariously within the stipitate cylindrical sporangium, and were covered by an iridescent peridium, which may be intact at maturity, or may have disintegrated. The upper portion of the peridium generally breaks up to expose the spores, whereas the lower portion was usually persistent. The results of energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analysis showed that lime was present in the stalk and columella but absent from the spores, capillitium, and peridium. The above characteristics confirm its taxonomic position in the genus Diachea. However, this genus is intermediate in character between the Physarales and Stemonitales of the Myxogastromycetidae. Hence, this genus had been classified as a member of the Stemonitales until the mid-1970's, on the basis of its iridescent peridium and noncalcareous capillitial system, similar to Comatricha of the Stemonitaceae. By way of contrast, emphasis on morphological characteristics, most notably the calcareous stalk and typical columella, places Diachea within the order Physarales. The presence of a phaneroplasmodium during the trophic stage and lime deposition in its sporophores, as was confirmed in this work, supported the inclusion of Diachea in the Physarales, and the noncalcareous capillitial system verified its identification as a member of the Didymiaceae. Further characteristics of the species D. leucopodia include the following: phaneroplasmodium, spore globose 7.5 ${\mu}m$ in diameter, very minutely roughened; sporangia $500{\mu}m\times1mm$, more or less cylindrical, gregarious, stalked 1.2mm; stalk and columella white.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2011

Although antenatal diagnostic technique has considerably improved, precise detection and proper management of the neonate with congenital heart disease (CHD) is always a great concern to pediatricians. Congenital cardiac malformations vary from benign to serious conditions such as complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA), critical pulmonary and aortic valvular stenosis/atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), which the baby needs immediate diagnosis and management for survival. Unfortunately, these life threatening heart diseases may not have obvious evidence early after birth, most of the clinical and physical findings are nonspecific and vague, which makes the diagnosis difficult. High index of suspicion and astute acumen are essential to decision making. When patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is opened Widely, many serious malformations may not be noticed easily in the early life, but would progress as severe acidosis/shock/cyanosis or even death as PDA constricts after few hours to days. Ductus dependent congenital cardiac lesions can be divided into the ductus dependent systemic or pulmonary disease, but physiologically quite different from each other and treatment strategy has to be tailored to the clinical status and cardiac malformations. Inevitably early presentation is often regarded as a medical emergency. Differential diagnosis with inborn error metabolic disorders, neonatal sepsis, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and other pulmonary conditions are necessary. Urgent identification of the newborn at such high risk requires timely referral to a pediatric cardiologist, and timely intervention is the key in reducing mortality and morbidity. This following review deals with the clinical presentations, investigative modalities and approach to management of congenital cardiac malformations presenting in the early life.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.371-374
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• 2018

A 3-month-old female Maltese puppy was hospitalized with persistent diarrhea in a local veterinary clinic. Blood chemistry and hematology profile were analyzed and fecal smear was examined. Diarrheal stools were examined in a diagnostic laboratory, using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) against 23 diarrheal pathogens. Sequence analysis was performed using nested PCR amplicon of 18S ribosomal RNA. Coccidian oocysts were identified in the fecal smear. Although multiplex real-time PCR was positive for Cyclospora cayetanensis, the final diagnosis was Cystoisospora ohioensis infection, confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA. To our knowledge, this the first case report of C. ohioensis in Korea, using microscopic examination and phylogenetic analysis.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2014

The rapid growth of complexity and scale can be witnessed in the design and development of modern systems. As such, the severity of damages in the occasional accidents has attracted great deal of attention lately. Although a variety of methods have so far been studied to overcome or reduce the disastrous results of hazards, the issues seem still persistent and even complicated due to the situation mentioned above. The concept of functional safety has been regarded as one approach to handling the matters by shifting up to the functions level from the consideration of each physical component itself. The outcomes of those efforts would be the international standards on functional safety such as IEC 61508 and its relatives including IEC 62278, EN 50128, ISO26262, and so on. In this paper, a method of how hazards can be analyzed to be coped with those standards has been studied. In the method proposed, the systems modeling language (SysML) is playing a key role to model and analyze the hazards from the viewpoint of functional safety. The approach taken has been applied in the analysis of the hazards in railroad systems. In spite of focusing on the individual components hazards, the method based on functional safety has analyzed them collectively with the added effect of identifying the cause originated from the interface between the functions.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1048-1058
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 압전 세라믹 재료를 작동기 및 감지기로 이용한 사각 경계면이 고정된 얇은 사각평판의 능동 진동제어 방법을 제시한다. 실험 데이터에 기초한 다중 입출력계의 주파수영역 모델링방법을 이용하여 분포된 센서 및 구동기 특성이 포함된 구조물의 동적 특성이 규명된다. 제어기 구조로는 혼합형을 채택하고 되먹임 제어기는 LQG 제어기법에 의해 설계된다. 앞먹임 제어기는 다중 filtered-$x$ 최소자승오차법에 의해 적응되도록 한다. 진동제어에 대한 시뮬레이션 및 실험결과는 제안된 제어기법이 지속적 외란 및 과도적 외란에 효율적으로 적용될 수 있음을 보인다.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2005

This paper presents a hybrid control algorithm for the active noise control in the rectangular enclosure using an active/passive foam actuator. The hybrid control composes of the adaptive feedforward with feedback loop in which the adaptive feedforward control uses the well-known filtered-x LMS(least mean square) algorithm and the feedback loop consists of the sliding mode controller and observer. The hybrid control has its robustness for both transient and persistent external disturbances and increases the convergence speed due to the reduced variance of the jiltered-x signal by adding the feedback loop. The sliding mode control (SMC) is used to incorporate insensitivity to parameter variations and rejection of disturbances and the observer is used to get the state information in the controller deign. An active/passive smart foam actuator is used to minimize noise actively using an embedded PVDF film driven by an electrical input and passively using an absorption-foam. The error path dynamics is experimentally identified in the form of the auto-regressive and moving-average using the frequency domain identification technique. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the hybrid control and the feasibility of the smart foam actuator.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

This case report details two remissions at onset and relapse after 4 years each with Korean herbal medicine treatment in a 33-year-old male patient diagnosed as Crohn's disease (CD) by clinical and colonoscopic examination. He presented bloody diarrhea and severe abdominal pain, and his symptoms were persistent even with usual Western medications, so he was offered surgery and biologics. He was then given Sayeok-Tang for 8 months and remission was induced. Four years later he had a relapse and this time he was given Banha-Sasim-Tang, and Baekduong-Ga-Gamcho-Agyo-Tang, based on pattern changes with intense symptom monitoring. Clinical and endoscopic remission was confirmed after 4 months of herbal medicine treatment and no adverse events were reported. This case report shows that individualized Korean herbal medicine treatment has the potential for induction of remission of CD and further research is warranted.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.321-335
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• 2022

Copper-based Metal-organic framework (MOF) namely ([Cu (INA)₂]-MOF) is synthesized by ball milling and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the topography, microstructure, and elemental evidence determination, powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the crystallinity measurement, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was performed to determine the thermal stability of the material, and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for functional groups identification. The use of [Cu (INA)₂]-MOF as hazardous removal material of β-agonists as persistent hazardous micro-pollutants in our environmental water is first reported in this study. The removal efficiency of the Cu-MOF is successfully determined to be 97.7% within 40 minutes, and the MOF has established an exceptional removal capacity of 835 mg L^-1 with 95 % percent removal on Clenbuterol (CLB) even after the 5th consecutive cycle. The Langmuir model of the adsorption isotherms was shown to be more favourable, while the pseudo-second-order model was found to be favoured in the kinetics. The reaction was exothermic and spontaneous from a thermodynamic standpoint, and the higher temperatures were unfavourable for the adsorption study of the CLB. As a result, the studied MOF have shown promising properties as possible adsorbents for the removal of CLB in wastewater.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.249-256
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• 2020

Historical construction health and safety (H&S) challenges, in terms of a range of resources and issues, continue to be experienced, namely design process-related hazards are encountered on site, workers are unaware of the hazards and risks related to the construction process and its activities, activities are commenced on site without adequate hazard identification and risk assessments (HIRAs), difficulty is experienced in terms of real time monitoring of construction-related activities, workers handle heavy materials, plant, and equipment, and ultimately the experience of injuries. Given the abovementioned, and the advent of Industry 4.0, a quantitative study, which entailed the completion of a self-administered questionnaire online, was conducted among registered professional (Pr) and candidate Construction H&S Agents, to determine the potential of Industry 4.0 to contribute to resolving the challenges cited. The findings indicate that Industry 4.0 technologies such as augmented reality (AR), drone technology, virtual reality (VR), VR based H&S training, and wearable technology /sensors have the potential to resolve the cited H&S challenges as experienced in construction. Conclusions include that Industry 4.0 technologies can finally address the persistent H&S challenges experienced in construction. Recommendations include: employer associations, professional associations, and statutory councils should raise the level of awareness relative to the potential implementation of Industry 4.0 relative to H&S in construction; case studies should be documented and shared; tertiary construction management education programmes should integrate Industry 4.0 into all possible modules, especially H&S-related modules, and continuing professional development (CPD) H&S should address Industry 4.0.