• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2001

Hiccups is one of the omnipresent phenomenon occurring in everyone. Most episodes are time-limited, but, sometimes, they become intractable and protracted for a long time. In most cases, they are idiopathic. But, sometimes there are cases which have diverse kinds of underlying disorders. In this study, the author reports a case of idiopathic and persistent hiccups. He recently encountered a 64 year old male patient with intractable and persistent hiccups for over two weeks. By using the method of 8 Constitutional Acupuncture therapy and herbal medication( Hyangsapyeungwutang) regarding him as RENOTONIA. After 7days of treatment, the symptoms disappeared.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.226-228
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• 2011

We report a case of spontaneous right carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) in a proximal segment of persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA) and combined vascular anomalies such as left duplicated hypoplastic proximal posterior cerebral arteries and a variation of anterior choroidal artery supplying temporal and occipital lobe. A 45-year-old male presented with progressive right exophthalmos, diplopia, and ocular pain. With manual compression of the internal carotid artery, a cerebral angiography revealed a right CCF from a PPTA. Treatment involved the placement of detachable non-fibered and fibered coils, and use of a hyperglide balloon to protect against coil herniation into the internal carotid artery. A final angiograph revealed complete occlusion of PPTA resulted in no contrast filling of CCF.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 2018

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a common venous anomaly of the thorax and usually drains into the right atrium. Less often it drains into the left atrium and has previously been related to ischemic stroke. We report a case of PLSCV that founded during ischemic stroke evaluation in a 77-year-old woman which was detected on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) with saline agitated test and computed tomography.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.312-315
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• 2005

The persistent hypoglossal artery[PHA] is a rare anomaly that belongs to the group of embryonic carotid-basilar artery anastomoses that may occur in adults. The most commonly reported type of such an anastomosis is the primitive trigeminal artery, followed by the PHA. We report a 35-year old man, hospitalized because of an intraventricular hemorrhage, who was found to have a right persistent PHA. Three-dimensional computed tomography[CT] angiography provided excellent anatomical topology of the anomaly. To our knowledge, this patient is the first case of a PHA identified by this means in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.290-291
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• 2011

Persistent primitive olfactory artery (PPOA) is a rare anomaly of the anterior cerebral artery. We present one case of PPOA incidentally diagnosed with the aid of computed tomography (CT) angiography. A 24-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital after sudden onset of vertigo. Three-dimensional CT angiography revealed an anomalous artery arising from the terminal portion of the right internal carotid artery. The proximal portion of the anomalous artery coursed anteromedially and made a hairpin turn posterosuperior to the midline. PPOA may be overlooked because of its rarity, but CT angiography can be useful in detecting this rare vascular anomaly. Follow-up study is necessary in our case to confirm whether an aneurysm occurs on the PPOA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.841-843
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• 2001

인터넷의 사용자가 급증하여 고가용성과 확장성을 지닌 고성능의 인터넷 서버들이 요구된다. 클러스터 시스템은 이러한 요구사항을 만족시킬 수 있는 서버이다. 본 연구에서는 N-node heartbeat 을 구현하였고, 이것을 기반으로 하는 고가용 부하분산 클러스터, PersistentCluster를 구현하였다. PersistentCluster는 로드 벨런서가 사용자의 요구를 서버들에게 분산시켜주는 LVS 시스템에서 로드벨런서가 고장나면 나머지 서버중에 하나가 그 역할을 인계 받아 계속 수행하는 고가용성 클러스터링 솔루tus이다. PersistentCluster는 로드벨런서만 heartbeat 메시지를 전송하는 비대칭 heartbeat을 채택하여 시스템의 메시지 전송 및 처리 오버헤드를 감소시켰다. 비대칭 heartbeat을 적용할 경우에 나타나는 각 노드의 부하 감소량을 실측하며 비대칭 heartbeat 의 성 능을 평가하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.82-84
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• 2010

The falcine sinus is an abnormal anatomic structure located in the falx cerebri that is closed after birth and is rarely observed. We describe two cases of persistent falcine sinus. A 60-year-old woman presented with headache. An 11-year-old girl presented with intermittent headache and a palpable scalp mass in the middle of the high parietal area. The straight sinuses were absent in both patients. In both patients, drainage of the galenic system took place through a sinus within the falx, also known as a falcine sinus. Suspicious dysplastic tentorium cerebelli was observed in one patient. It can be concluded that a mesenchymal disorder can be the primary cause for a persistent falcine sinus.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 1991

The result of thoracotomy for recurrent and persistent pneumothorax is usually excellent. However the patients undergone thoracotomy suffer from postoperative chest pain and require long postoperative recovery period. Also the operative incision scar gives the patients cosmetic problems. Subpleural blebs are usually causes of pneumothorax. They can be reached through the thoracoscope without thoracotomy and can be ablated by electrical cautery through it. Six patients with recurrent and persistent pneumothorax were managed thoracoscopic-ally. Five patients were successful and one case was failed. The failed case was explored 21 days after thoracoscopy. Follow-up period was from one to eight months. Although the follow-up period was short, thoracoscopic management of recurrent and persistent pneumothorax is thought to be good for preventing thoracotomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.429-431
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• 2015

Congenital pericardial defects (CPDs) are infrequent anomalies that are usually asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during unrelated interventions. Here we report the case of a CPD with herniation of an enlarged left atrial appendage identified during total thoracoscopic ablation (TTA) for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). The persistent AF was successfully treated with a hybrid procedure, in which TTA was followed by an electrophysiological study.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.388-391
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• 2011

A lesion that is hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and hypointense on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map is a characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding in acute ischemic infarction. In some cases, however, these findings can persist for a few months after infarct onset. It is thought that these finding reflect the different evolution speeds of the infarcted tissue. We report a patient with a right middle cerebral artery territory infarction with persistent hyperintensity on DWI and hypointensity on the ADC map for over 8 months. To our knowledge, this is the most persistent case of hyperintensity lesion on DWI and the serial MRI images of this patient provide important information on the evolution of infarcted tissue.