• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2017

Streptozotocin (STZ), bisphenol A (BPA), and diethylstilbestrol (DES) are known as endocrine disruptors, occurs oxidative stress in animal cells. Generally, oxidative stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation of sperm and lead to decreased viability and fertility in pigs. Therefore, we investigated the influence of STZ, BPA and DES on ROS production and lipid peroxidation on boar sperm. Collected sperm were incubated with semen extender containing $10{\mu}M\;STZ$, $10{\mu}M\;BPA$ and $20{\mu}M\;DES$ for 3, 6 and 9 hours. Intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation of sperm were analyzed by 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and malondialdehyde methods. The results show that, intracellular ROS was not significantly different among the all treatments, but lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in STZ group at 3 hour after incubation with boar sperm (P<0.05). These results suggest that STZ stimulates lipid peroxidation more than ROS production and may exert a negative effect on sperm fertility.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.177-180
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• 2007

Tocotrienols (T3) are minor plant constituents found abundantly in rice bran, which provide a significant source of vitamin E in animal feeds. T3 was reported to have an intrinsic hypocholesterolemic effect by inhibiting HMG-Co A reductase. It has similar antioxidative properties as tocopherols in food and biological system due to their similar chemical structures. However, the antioxidant activity and mechanism of T3 to scavenge free radicals and to inhibit the peroxidation of linoleic acid are less understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the scavenging effect of T3 on free radicals and its inhibition of peroxide formation. Free radical scavenging activity was monitored by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method whereas inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation was evaluated using the thiocyanate method. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test was used to determine malonaldehyde formation from linoleic acid peroxidation. Free radical scavenging activity increased with increasing concentration levels of T3. T3 exhibited 38.2, 78.6, 92.7 and 96.2% radical scavenging activity at concentrations of 2, 8, 32 and 128 ppm, respectively. At 128 ppm, it was highly effective in inhibiting linoleic acid peroxidation. The activity of T3 evaluated by the thiocyanate method showed low absorbance values indicating a high level of antioxidant activity. All treatments showed similar trends in antioxidant activity when evaluated by both the thiocyanate method and TBA test.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of green tea catechins (GTC) on the lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD). GTC showed the high SOD activity, while sitgnificantly inhibited the peroxide value of linoleic acid (93%) and lipid peroxidation (84%) from rat liver microsomal fraction induced by Fe$^{2+}$ascorbate system. The effects of GTC on the SOD and catalase activities, and lipid peroxidation after oral administration were investigated. GTC (50 mg/kg) significantly increased SOD (62%) and catalase activities (75%), while significantly inhibited the lipid peroxidation (52%) of rat liver microsome in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that GTC has the antioxidative effect which is rotated to the prevention of aging and cancer.r.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.579-585
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• 2003

The studies were carried out on the correlation between microsomal lipid peroxidation level and drug metabolizing enzyme activities in rat liver microsomal suspensions on various ages (2-week-old, 2, 4, 8, and 12-month-old). The lipid peroxidation levels of liver homogenates tended to be elevated in a 4-month-old rat livers, but it was a little decreased in 8 and 12-month-old rat livers. The lipid peroxidation levels of microsomal suspension was not shown any significant differences by ages. Lipid peroxidation levels and microsomal cytochrome P450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity showed a direct correlation (r=0.72 and r=0.64), respectively. The activities of cytochrome P450-dependent aminopyrine-N-demethylase and benzpyrene hydroxylase in rat liver microsomes were increased by ages up to 8-month-old rats and maintained in 12-month-old rats. The correlation between lipid peroxidation levels and these cytochrome-dependent enzyme activities showed a high direct correlation (r=0.97 and r=0.81), respectively.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 1998

Bupleury radix has been used for the treatment of fever, liver disease, inflammation in traditional medicine. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Bupleury radix aqua-acupuncture solution (BRAS) in vitro. Oxygen derived free radicals produced in the course of normal aerobic life, such as superoxide anion radical($O_2^-$ ), hydroxyl radicaI( OH), hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) and singlet oxygen($^1O_2$) can attack polyunsaturated fatty acid in cell membranes, enzymes, other cell compounds, and give rise to lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, lipofuscin accumulation, structure alteration of cell membrane and cell death. In this study, antioxidant effects of BRAS on lipid peroxidation were determined according to the method of TBA. BRAS inhibited markedly peroxidation of linoleic acid during the autoxidation, and also inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical derived from $H_2O_2-Fe^{2+}$ in rat liver homogenate. And BRAS showed 30% scavenging effect on DPPH radical, also exhibited a 30% inhibitory effect on superoxide generation from xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. In addition, BRAS protected the cell death induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP) and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell(Ac2F).

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.140-147
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• 1995

For studying the effect of different dietary fats on carcinogenesis, fatty acid composition of membrane and lipid peroxidation were measured. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on diet containing 15%(w/w) beef tallow or soybean oil. A single dose of 50 mg 2-AAF/kg B.W. was injected i.p. in each diet group 10 times. Rats were sacrifled after 1, 5, 10, and 15 weeks from the first injection. By 2-AAF injection, !ipid peroxidation increased slightly compared to control group. The rats fed on different fats had similar MDA production and those fed on soybean oil had slightly higher free radical concentration measured by ESR. In young rats, iipid peroxidation level was high and hydroxy radical production was higher in soybean oil group than in beef tallow group. With age, the lipid peroxidation values were decreased initially then increased. The fatty acid composition in microsomal membrane was reflected by dietary fatty acid composition. In soybean oil group, monoenoic acid was lower and polyunsaturated fatty acid was higher than beef tallow group. Linoleic acid contents showed the most discrepancy among groups. By 2-AAF treatment, iinoleic acid content and unsaturation index increased in soybean oil group. But in beef tallow group, there was no difference in fatty acid contents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 1992

This study determined hepatic microsomal lipid peroxide values glucose 6-phosphatase NA-DPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activites to examine the effects of methyl group deficiency on hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats treated with diethylni-trosamine(DEN) and 2-acetylamionfluorene(AAF) Weanling sprague Dawley male rats were fed the diet with methyl group supplemented or deficient. Two weeks after feeding rate were injected with a single of 200mg/kg body weight DEN intraperitoneally and after four weeks 0.02% AAF containing diets were fed for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed at 6th week. Microsomal lipid peroxide values were tended to increase in methyl group deficiency(MD). Especially in case of carcinogen tratments lipid peroxide values were increased significantly in MD. Microsomal glucose 6-phophatase activities were decreased by MD and carcinogens and in MD with carcinogen group (MD+C) the enzyme activites were the lowest Glucose 6-phosphatase activities were negatively correlated with lipid peroxidation. Microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activities were the highest in MD+C and correlated positively with lipid peroxidation. Cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were the highest in MD+C Methyl group deficiency induces lipid peroxidation especially in case of being exposed to carcinogens. Therefore the results suggest that lipid peroxidation may be one of the meachanisms of carcinogensis by methyl group deficiency.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-110
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• 1987

The effects of 5 novel hepatotrophic agents, dithiol malonate derivatives (DMDs; DMD1-DMD5), on the liver microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)$ and the correlations with the changes of microsomal electron transport system were investigated. All DMDs were found to inhibit the lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ in mice and rats as well in vitro liver microsomal system. Therefore, each DMD seemed to have direct mode of action on liver microsomes to inhibit the lipid peroxidation. As an ex vivo study, the induced lipid peroxidation by $CCl_4$ and the changes in electron transport system were determined with liver microsomes obtained from rats chronically treated with DMDs for 7 days. The induced lipid peroxide contents in liver microsomal system were lower in DMD1, DMD2 and DMD3 treated group, but higher in DMD4 and DMD5 group when compared to the control group. Cyt. p.450 contents in the microsomes were decreased by the treatment with DMD1, DMD2 and DMD3, but increased significantly by DMD4 with great extent and by DMD5 with less extent. The cyt. p-450 isozymes induced by treatment of DMD4 and DMD5 were identified as 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) type. The NADPH cyt. -C reductase activities of the microsomes treated with DMD1, DMD2, DMD4 and DMD5 were increased in the range of around 20% to 50%, but decreased with DMD3, All DMDs increased dyt. $-b_5$ content and did not alter NAdH-cyt, $-b_5$ reductase activities in the microsomes. In summary, the 5 novel hepatotrophic agents (DMDs) markedly protected against lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ in vivo and in vitro possibly through the mechanism of direct action on the liver microsomes. The degree of inhibition produced by DMDs on lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ seemed to coincide rather with cyt. p-450 contents than with other components of liver microsomal electron transport system including NADPH-cyt, -C reductase.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.221-230
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• 1984

The activities of aminopyrine demethylase which is marker enzyme of the microsomal drug-metabolizing system, NADPH-cytochrome a reductase and glutathione peroxidase were measured during the course of liver regeneration after about seventy percent hepatectomy in Wistar rats. In addition, the extent of lipid peroxidation and contents of cytochrome P-450 were also measured. Partial hepatectomy produced a significant depression in aminopyrine demethylase, to reach a minium about 24 hours after operation, but this activity was increased to normal value during regeneration. On the other hand, in sham-operated animals, this showed no change. All the activities of NADPH-chrome P-450 contents of liver microsomes were rapidly decreased at the early stage of regeneration. These values returned to normal after 7 days. By contrast, the activity of glutathione peroxidase was nearly unchanged. According to these results, at the early stage of regeneration, the decrease of cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity lead to decrease of lipid peroxidation and drug metabolizing enzyme activity. But these phenomena were not detected after 7 days of regeneration.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2001

Effects of Taeumjowetang on Lipid Peroxidation by Free Radicals and Oxidative Damage of Hepatocytes by tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide. 1. Purpose The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Taeumjowetang in vitro. 2. Methods In this study, antioxidant effects of TJT on lipid peroxidation were determined according to the method of TBA. (Abbreviation) TJT : Taeumjowetang, TBA : 2-thiobarbituric acid. 3. Results : 1) TJT inhibited markedly peroxidation of linoleic acid during the autoxidation. 2) TJT inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical derived from H2O2-Fe2+ in rat liver homogenate. 3) TJT showed 66% scavenging effect on DPPH radical. 4) TJT exhibited a 25% inhibitory effect on superoxide generation from xanthine-xan thine oxidase system. 5) To investigate the antioxidative effects of TJT on the hepatocytes, cultured normal rat liver cells(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without TJT. After 16~18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM t-BHP for 2hr. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay. In this test, TJT protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell. (Abbreviation) DPPH : ${\alpha},{\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picryl hydrazyl, DMEM : Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, t-BHP : terr-butyl hydroperoxide, 4. Conclusion These results suggested that TJT might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.