• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.368-371
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• 2020

Schwannoma, also known as neurilemmoma, is a tumor of the nerve sheath, which most often occurs in the peripheral nerves of the extremities. Schwannoma can be accompanied by symptoms such as pain, paresthesia, and Tinel sign; however, patients can also be asymptomatic. Here, we present the case of a 17-year-old woman who presented with a slowly growing, asymptomatic, postauricular mass that appeared 10 years prior. Ultrasonography was performed, and the mass was thought to be an epidermal inclusion cyst. However, the clinical manifestation during surgery was not correlated to an epidermal inclusion cyst, leading to the suspicion of schwannoma from the posterior branch of the great auricular nerve. After a meticulous dissection, schwannoma was diagnosed based on a permanent section biopsy. Postoperative complications and recurrence were not observed. Schwannoma in the peripheral nerve area of the face is rare. Therefore, an investigation of tumors that occur where the nerve passes using imaging and clinical features is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of schwannoma and to establish suitable treatment methods.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2019

Schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from Schwann cells. Approximately 25-45% of all schwannomas occur in the head and neck regions, and the intraoral presentation of these is only 1%. We report a rare case of a patient presenting tongue base schwannoma with characteristic imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-112
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• 2014

We experienced a case of 63 years old male patient who had synchronous rectus abdominis intramuscular schwannoma and chest wall lipoma. Schwannoma is rare benign tumor which derived from nerve sheath and mainly peripheral nerve of flexor part. The authors report rare synchronous schwannoma and lipoma development.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.58 no.9
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• pp.556-562
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• 2020

Neurofibroma is a benign, heterogenous peripheral nerve sheath tumor arising from the connective tissue of peripheral nerve sheaths, especially the endoneurium. Its intraoral occurrence is uncommon and its occurrence within mandible is extremely rare. A case of solitary intraosseous neurofibroma of the mandible involving masticator space in a 8-year-old male is reported. He was referred from a private local clinic with a chief complaint of limitation in opening of the mouth. Panoramic and cone-beam computed tomographic images showed unilocular radiolucent lesion with scalloped border at the right mandibular ramus, connected posteriorly to the enlarged mandibular foramen and anteriorly to the mandibular canal. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images showed soft tissue mass of isointensity compared with muscles. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed peripheral enhancement and T2-weighted images showed the heterogeneous hyperintense mass with extension between lateral and medial pterygoid muscles. The tumor was surgically removed under general anesthesia and diagnosed to be neurofibroma at the biopsy.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 1996

Neurilemmomas are the most common benign tumor of the peripheral nerve trunks, and arises from the cells in the sheath of Schwann. Neurilemmomas are well encapsulated and may be separated easily from surrounding tissue and lie completely within a larger nerve trunk, with bundles of neurofibrils spread out over the surface of the tumor. A careful dissection and retraction of the nerve bundles will allow the tumor to be enucleated from the parent nerve without any significant interference with the function of the nerve. Resection of the involved nerve is seldom necessary and should be avoided if at all possible. Our aim in microscopic excision of neurilemmoma of extremities is to reduce any disturbance of the intact neurofibrils of the parent nerve. Thirteen cases of neurilimmomas were treated by microscopic excision at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Hospital between January 1990 and March 1995. The results was as follows ; 1. The average age at surgical intervention was 40.1 years. Cases in fourth and fifth decades predominated. 2. In their anatomical distribution, 8 cases were in the upper extremity and 5 cases in the lower extremity. 11 cases were on the flexor surface. 3. On the operative field, all the tumors were well encapsulated, however 1 case of 13 was adherent to the periosteum of fibula. 4. In all cases, the tumor were enucleated from the parent nerve without any injury to nerve under high-power magnification, preserving individual fascicles, and sensory and motor function.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 1999

Neurinoma originates from any nerve covered with a Schwann cell sheath and can occur in any cranial, sympathetic, or peripheral nerve. Hypoglossal neurinomas are rare and most of them are intracranial, but they may extend extracranially. Most intracranial neurinoma arise from the sensory division of cranial nerve but a motor nerve such as hypoglossal nerve is rarely involved. Although the typical sign of hypoglossal neurinoma is ipsilateral hemiatrophy of the tongue, it is easily overlooked. For the diagnosis of hypoglossal nerve tumor, CT scanning with contrast enhancement and MRI should be included, and they are greatly aids in planning the radical removal of the tumor. We experienced a case of intracranial hypoglossal neurinoma with extracranial extension in a 43-year-old woman. The patient showed otherwise unremarkable except 4 months history of right infraauricular mass and right tongue hemiatrophy. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for local diagnosis was valuable and we could remove the mass by one stage operation via suboccipital transcervical approach.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2012

Objective : This is a retrospective review of 22 surgically treated benign and malignant tumors of brachial plexus region to describe clinical presentation, the characteristics of brachial plexus tumor and clinical outcomes with a literature review. Methods : Twenty-one patients with consecutive 22 surgeries for primary brachial plexus tumors were enrolled between February 2002 and November 2011 were included in this study. The medical records of all patients were reviewed. Results : Eleven male and 10 female patients were enrolled. Mean age was 39 years. Three patients had brachial plexus tumor associated with neurofibromatosis (13.6%). Presenting signs and symptoms included parenthesis and numbness (54.5%), radiating pain (22.7%), direct tenderness and pain (27.2%), palpable mass (77.3%). Twelve patients presented preoperative sensory deficit (54.5%) and 9 patients presented preoperative motor deficit (40.9%). Twenty tumors (90.9%) were benign and 2 tumors (9.1%) were malignant. Benign tumors included 15 schwannomas (68.2%), 4 neurofibromas (18.2%) and 1 granular cell tumor (4.5%). There were 1 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) and 1 malignant granular cell tumor. Gross total resection was achieved in 16 patients (72.7%), including all schwannomas, 1 neurofibroma. Subtotal resection was performed in 6 tumors (27.3%), including 3 neurofibromatosis associated with brachial plexus neurofibromas, 1 MPNST and 2 granular cell tumor in one patient. Conclusion : Resection of tumor is the choice of tumor in the most of benign and malignant brachial plexus tumors. Postoperative outcomes are related to grade of resection at surgery and pathological features of tumor.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2003

Purpose: We analyzed our malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cases to find out their oncologic results following by each treatment modalities. Materials and Methods: Thirty four patients with MPNST were registered in Korea Cancer Center Hospital from Feb. 1986 to Nov. 1996. Seventeen cases were male and 17, female. Average age was 41 years (range 18 to 74). Location of the tumor was as follows; 17 in lower extremity, 11 upper extremity, 4 trunk, and 2 retroperitoneum. Following the AJC classification, stage IA were 2 cases, stage IIA 2, stage IIB 6, stage III 16 and stage IV 8. Twenty six patients took operations and adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, 3 operation only and 3 adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Average follow up period was 33.5 months (5.6 to 146.1). Kaplan-Meiyer method was done for survival curve, and log rank test for comparison analysis. Results: Fourteen cases were continuous disease free, 2 no evidence of disease, 2 alive with disease and 14 dead of disease states at final follow up. Actual 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 53.5%, 35.7%. Local recurrence rate after operation was 24.1%. 5-year survival rates of stage I/II/III were 100/85.7/55.9% and 2-year survival rate of stage IV was 14.3% (p=0.04). In 21 cases operated with stage II-III, wide margin (15cases) had 76.0% 5-year survival rate, and marginal or intralesional marigin (6cases) had 40.0%. The actual 5-year survival rate of the group which were done 4 or more cycles chemotherapy (8cases) was 71.4% and the actual 3-year survival rate less than 4cycles chemotherapy (6cases) was 83.3% (p=0.96). In 19 cases operated with stage II-III and which had no radiotherapy, marginal or intralesional margin (5cases) had 3 cases of local recurrences (60.0%), though wide margin (14cases) had 4 cases recurrences (28.6%). There was no local recurrence in 8cases which had pre-or post-operative radiotherapy. Conclusions: Surgical margin is an important factor in local recurrence. Resection margin has a tendency to influence the survival despite insufficient statistical significance. Conventional chemotherapy has no defnite statistical sigficance in the effect on local control and survival. Preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy has some positive effect on local control.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.166-169
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• 2018

A schwannoma is a benign tumor that originates from the peripheral nerve sheath. Schwannomas occur most commonly in the head and neck region involving the brachial plexus and the spinal nerves. The lower limbs are less commonly affected. This paper presents a case of a patient with a schwannoma showing atypical localization at the digital nerve of the foot causing neurological symptoms.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.494-497
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• 2011

Purpose: Schwannoma, a benign peripheral nerve tumor, is slow-growing, encapsulated neoplasm that originates from the Schwann cell of the nerve sheath. Schwannoma most frequently involves the major nerve. Schwannoma occurring in the superficial radial nerve rare. This is a report of our experience with schwannoma arising from the superficial radial nerve with neurologic symptom. Methods: A 55-year-old woman presented with eight-month history of progressive numbness and paresthesia in dorsum of the thumb and index finger. Physical examination revealed a localized mass on the midforearm. Sonographic examination showed an ovoid, heterogenous, hypoechoic lesion, located eccentrically in related to the superficial radial nerve. The lesion was mobile in the transverse but not in the longitudinal axis of the nerve, which was thought to favour schwannoma rather than neurofibroma. At operation, a $20{\times}15mm$ ovoid, yellowish grey mass was seen arising from the superficial radial nerve. The tumor present as eccentric masses over which the nerve fibers are splayed. Using operating microscope, the tumor was removed, preserving the surrounding nerve. Results: Histology confirmed that the mass was a benign schwannoma. There were no postoperative complications. After two months the patient had no clinically demonstrable sensory deficit. Conclusion: An unsusual case of a schwannoma of the superficial radial nerve is presented. In case with neurologic symptom, prompt surgical decompression must be made to prevent further nerve damage and to restore nerve function early.