• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.160-177
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• 1988

This study is an analysis of the teachers' health problems that focuses on the frequencies and types of their visiting to school clinics and the management of health-related problems. The participants for this study are consisted of 1,650 teachers employed at 30 public schools in the Seoul area. Data for the study came from diagnostic records for 1986, the results of a questionaire-type survey conducted between June 20th and of the same year an from other documents recorded by school nurses. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. The teachers' health problems. a) According to health diagnosis records, 6.1 % of all teachers had a health problem. Liver-related ailments topped the list, followed by circulatory and diabetic problems. b) The survey data had 71.9 % of the respondents indicating that trey suffered from some health problem. The most frequent response concerned respiratory problems, followed by gastro-intestinal and nervous system problems. c) A check of clinic utilization records revealed that the main reasons for visiting are concerned with fatigue (30.5 %), gastro-intestinal(18.7 %) and respiratory(18.2 %) ailments. These three categories accounted for 67.4 % of total use. 2. Frequencies of their visiting to school clinics 40.5 % of the teachers indicated that they have visited the school clinic. And 62.0 % visited it with a self-diagnosed ailment and 15.3 % utilized the facility after a problem had been detected in a health examination. Clinics were visited a total of 1,458 times which breaks down to 0.9 times per month per teacher. For a patient, the figures are 2.2 times on the average with a range from 1 to 19. 3. Health management problems a) Of those respondents. 53.4 % stated that they didn't have enough time to consult about their health problems and diagnose their disease b) Also, 47.3 % of the respondents indicated that school nurses should give health counsels and health education. c) When questioned about improvements in the current system, the teachers placed importance on the prevention and management of chronic diseases (35.2 %) and pre- and posteducation concerning periodic health examinations In conclusion, the following points must be considered: First, school administrators need to pay more attention to the health problems of the teachers. Second, school nurses should be more active in managing a health program for teachers. Finally, education and training for nurses should be continually upgraded so that they can dispense proper and timely care for teachers.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2010

As the number of user increases according to the improvement of the network, the multi-thread schemes are used to process the service requests of several users who are connected simultaneously. The static thread pool scheme has the problem of occupying a static amount of system resources. On the other hand, the dynamic thread pool scheme can control the number of threads according to the users' requests. However, it has disadvantage that this scheme cannot react to the requests which are larger than the maximum value assigned. In this paper, a web server using a learning-based dynamic thread pool scheme is suggested, which will be running on a server programming of a multi-thread environment. The suggested scheme adds the creation of the threads through the prediction of the next number of periodic requests using Auto Regressive scheme with the web server apache worker MPM (Multi-processing Module). Unlike previous schemes, in order to set the exact number of the necessary threads during the unchanged number of work requests in a certain period, K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm is used to learn the number of threads in advance according to the number of requests. The required number of threads is set by comparing with the previously learned objects. Then, the similar objects are selected to decide the number of the threads according to the request, and they create the threads. In this paper, the response time has decreased by modifying the number of threads dynamically, and the system resources can be used more efficiently by managing the number of threads according to the requests.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-22
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• 2011

With the accumulations of outcomes from archaeological excavations of mountain fortress of three kingdoms period, there have been studies about time-periodic territory range of mountain fortress, difference in the way(method) of construction, defence system and so on from various points of view. This is an empirical study on the construction method of the valley part of stone fortress. First of all, it is required to secure large quantity of fresh water for those who lived at mountain fortress. Especially when builders of fortress construct a fortification at the valley part of stone fortress, in advance they must sufficiently consider several options including the establishment of sustainable water resources. First, when it comes to build a fortification on a ridge[or a slope] of a mountain, you have only to consider a vertical stress. However, when it comes to build a fortification at the valley part of a mountain, You must have more sufficient preparations for the constructing process. Because there are not only a vertical stress but also a horizontal pressure simultaneously. Second, a fortification of mountain fortress built by using unit building stone is a structure of masonry construction like brick construction, and the valley part of it is where the construction of the fortification begins. Third, when it comes to build a fortification at the valley part of a mountain, it seems that they use a temporary method such as coffer dam in oder to prevent the collapse of the fortification due to heavy rain. Furthermore, in response to a horizontal pressure a fortification is built by the way of its plane make an arch, or by piling up the soil with the plate method(類似版築) and earthen wall harder method(敷葉) they increase cross-sectional area of the fortification and its cutoff capacity. In front direction they put the reservoir facility for the fear that the hydraulic pressure and earth pressure are directly transmitted to the fortification. The process of constructing the fortification at the valley part of a mountain is done in the same oder as follows; leveling of ground(整地) ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of coffer dam ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification between the both banks of the valley ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification at bottom part of spill way(餘水路) between the both banks of the valley ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of spill way(餘水路) & reservoir facility ${\Rightarrow}$ construction of the fortification at upper part of spill way between the both banks of the valley. Coffer dam facility seems to be not only the protection device on occasion of flood but also an important criterion to measure the proper height of spill way or tailrace(放水路). This study has a meaningful significance in that it empirically examines the method of reduction of the horizontal pressure which the fortification at the valley part of a mountain takes, the date the construction was done, and wether the changes in climate such as heavy rainfall influence the process of construction.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2007

LonWorks over IP (LonWorks/IP) virtual device network (VDN) is an integrated form of LonWorks device network and IP data network. LonWorks/IP VDN can offer ubiquitous access to the information on the factory floor and make it possible for the predictive and preventive maintenance on the factory floor. Timely response is inevitable for predictive and preventive maintenance on the factory floor under the real-time distributed control. The network induced uncertain time delay deteriorates the performance and stability of the real-time distributed control system on LonWorks/IP virtual device network. Therefore, in order to guarantee the stability and to improve the performance of the networked distributed control system the time-varying uncertain time delay needs to be compensated for. In this paper, under the real-time distributed control on LonWorks/IP VDN with uncertain time delay, a control scheme based on disturbance observer and ZPETC(Zero Phase Error Tracking Controller) phase lag compensator is proposed and tested through computer simulation. The result of the proposed control is compared with that of internal model controller (IMC) based on Smith predictor and disturbance observer. It is shown that the proposed control scheme is disturbance and noise tolerant and can significantly improve the stability and the tracking performance of the periodic reference. Therefore, the proposed control scheme is well suited for the distributed servo control for predictive maintenance on LonWorks/IP-based virtual device network with time-varying delay.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.449-453
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• 2007

Trigeminal neuralgia is defined as "a sudden, usually unilateral, brief stabbing recurrent pain in the distribution of one or more branches of the fifth cranial nerve" by the International Association for the Study of Pain(IASP). Trigeminal neuralgia is classified as an idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia with no apparent cause and a symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia which is caused by a structural lesion such as brain tumor. Over 80% of the tumors are meningioma, acoustic neuroma, and epidermoid tumors. Symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia can not be excluded even if old-aged patient does not have abnormal neurologic sign and symptom, and good response to pharmacotherapy. Therefore, initial examinations such as MRI or CT are essential to exclude symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia. When compared with CT, MRI, especially gadolinium enhanced MRI, has an increased sensitivity in the detection of intracranial lesions. The most effective medical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia is carbamazepine. The most common side effects of carbamazepine include drowsiness, dizziness, unsteadiness, nausea, anorexia. Hepatotoxicity, bone marrow depression are the most feared side effect of carbamazepine therapy but occurs rarely. It require periodic complete blood cell counts as well as hepatic and renal function tests. It has been recommended that complete blood cell counts is done every 2 weeks for the first 2months and then quaterly thereafter. Oxcarbazepine can be used if neutropenia occurs.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.7 no.3 s.15
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• pp.119-130
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• 2005

A spatial data warehouse is a system that stores geographical information as a subject oriented, integrated, time-variant, non-volatile collection for efficiently supporting decision. This system consists of a builder and a spatial data warehouse server. A spatial data warehouse server suspends user services, stores transferred data in the data repository and constructs index using stored data for short response time. Existing methods that construct index are bulk-insertion and index transfer methods. The Bulk-insertion method has high clustering cost for constructing index and searching cost. The Index transfer method has improper for the index reconstruction method of a spatial data warehouse where periodic source data are inserted. In this paper, the efficient index reconstruction method using a partial index in a spatial data warehouse is proposed. This method is an efficient reconstruction method that transfers a partial index and stores a partial index with expecting physical location. This method clusters a spatial data making it suitable to construct index and change treated clusters to a partial index and transfers pages that store a partial index. A spatial data warehouse server reserves sequent physical space of a disk and stores a partial index in the reserved space. Through inserting a partial index into constructed index in a spatial data warehouse server, searching, splitting, remodifing costs are reduced to the minimum.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

The ecosystem is the complex system consisting of various biotic and abiotic factors and the factors interact with each other in the hierarchical predator-prey relationship. Since the competitive relation spatiotemporally occurs, the initial state of population density and species distribution are likely to play an important role in the stability of the ecosystem. In the present study, we constructed a lattice model to simulate the three-trophic ecosystem (predatorprey- plant) and using the model, explored how the ecosystem stability is affected by the initial density. The size of lattice space was $L{\times}L$, (L=100) with periodic boundary condition. The initial density of the plant was arbitrarily set as the value of 0.2. The simulation result showed that predator and prey coexist when the density of predator is less than or equal to 0.4 and the density of prey is less than or equal to 0.5. On the other hand, when the predator density is more than or equal to 0.5 and the density of prey is more than or equal to 0.6, both of predator and prey were extinct. In addition, we found that the strong nonlinearity in the interaction between species was observed in the border area between the coexistence and extinction in the species density space.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.399-403
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• 2005

Coccidioidomycosis is caused by a dimorphous fungus, Coccidioides, which consists of two species, C. immitis and C. posadasii. Although these organisms are genetically distinct and do not exchange DNA, they appear identical phenotypically and the disease or immune response to the organisms is also identical. Coccidioides grows as a mycelium in the soil and is mainly found in Southwestern United States, northwestern Mexico, and Argentina. An infection usually results from inhaling the spores of the fungus in an endemic area. Patients with a localized infection and no risk factors for complications often require only a periodic reassessment to demonstrate the resolution of the self-limited process. However, patients with extensive spread of infection or high risk of complications as a result of immunosuppression or other preexisting factors require a variety of treatment strategies such as antifungal therapy, surgical debridement, or both. Korea is not endemic area of a coccidioidomycosis. We report a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis involving the lung and skin, which was detected incidentally after sunburn in a 69 year-old Korean male with diabetes mellitus and iatrogenic Cushings syndrome, with a review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.151-163
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• 2008

A formulation of three-dimensional model of articulated train-b ridge dynamic interaction has been made for the Korean eXpress Train (KTX). Semi-periodic profiles of rail irregularities consisting of elevation, alignment, cross and gauge irregularities have also been proposed using FRA maximum tolerable rail deviations. The effects of rail joints and sleeper step were also included. The resulting system matrices of train and bridge are very spare, and thus, are stored in one-dimensional arrays, yielding a time-efficient solution. A numerical algorithm for computing bridge-train response including an iterative scheme is also formulated. A program simulating train-bridge interaction and solving this problem using the new algorithm is implemented as new modules for the f inite element analysis software named XFINAS. Computed results using the new program are then checked by that of the validated 2-D bridge-train interaction model. This new 3D analysis provides more detailed train responses such as swaying, bouncing, rolling, pitching and yawing accelerations, which are useful inevaluating passenger riding comfort. Train operation safety and derailment could also be directly investigated by relative wheel displacements computed from this program.

• Gut and Liver
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.728-735
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• 2018

Background/Aims: The combination of nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine (nab-P/Gem) is widely used for treating metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes and prognostic role of treatment-related peripheral neuropathy in patients with MPC treated with nab-P/Gem in clinical practice. Methods: MPC patients treated with nab-P/Gem as the first-line chemotherapy were included. All 88 Korean patients underwent at least two cycles of nab-P/Gem combination chemotherapy (125 and $1,000mg/m^2$, respectively). Treatment-related adverse events were monitored through periodic follow-ups. Overall survival and progression-free survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox proportional hazards regression linear model was applied to assess prognostic factors. To evaluate the prognostic value of treatment-related peripheral neuropathy, the landmark point analysis was used. Results: Patients underwent a mean of $6.7{\pm}4.2$ cycles during $6.3{\pm}4.4$ months. The median overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 14.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.8 to 20.3 months) and 8.4 months (95% CI, 7.1 to 13.2 months), respectively. The disease control rate was 84.1%; a partial response and stable disease were achieved in 30 (34.1%) and 44 (50.0%) patients, respectively. Treatment-related peripheral neuropathy developed in 52 patients (59.1%), and 13 (14.8%) and 16 (18.2%) patients experienced grades 2 and 3 neuropathy, respectively. In the landmark model, at 6 months, treatment-related peripheral neuropathy did not have a significant correlation with survival (p=0.089). Conclusions: Nab-P/Gem is a reasonable choice for treating MPC, as it shows a considerable disease control rate while the treatment-related peripheral neuropathy was tolerable. The prognostic role of treatment-related neuropathy was limited.