• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2012

At present, the problem to secure seismic resistance capacity is one of the most important issue in school buildings. However, the range of facilities to consider retrofit or the proper direction of seismic retrofit haven't provided in details. Therefore in this study, a series of school buildings were chosen as established time, and the structure composition and the seismic performance of the school buildings were investigated to get the comprehensive features of seismic resistance capacity in school buildings. At result, it was presented that the member capacities were less than criteria and structure system was showed the brittle behavior at the collapse prevention level at the school buildings before 1990 year. At the school buildings after 1990 year, though it is hard to get general features for various compositions, it was presented that they have problems for seismic performance evaluation in some buildings at life safety level, specially in the direction of X axis. So, considering the introduction process of seismic criteria in Korea, the school buildings before 2005 year should be examined for seismic resistance capacity and the seismic performance should be examined as well as member capacity to resist seismic.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 2008

This study examined the difference in children's performance between two types of task by the number of protagonists and children's implicit understanding of false-belief. The implicit measure by eye gaze was contrasted with children's explicit answers to the experimenter's question about where the protagonist would look for an object. Results showed there was no difference according to the task type by number of protagonists. On false-belief, 2- and 3-year-olds showed low performance compared with 4-year-olds on explicit responses. On implicit responses, 3- and 4-year-olds out-performed 2-year-olds. These results suggest that implicit understanding precedes explicit understanding.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.82-103
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyse statistically the relation between medical service quality and managerial performance. And then the way of analysis is the regression analysis that independent variable is service quality, dependent variable is the volume of revenue, the number of patients and the rate of beds utility, and dummy variable is the number of beds, ownership and region. The sample hospitals were the 113 hospitals on general hospitals more than 300beds which were consisted of 20 public hospitals, 41 corporate hospitals and 52 college hospitals, and also distributed 67 hospitals on big city and 46 hospitals other city. The sample hospitals were selected from the Korean Hospital Association and the data of the year 2003 and 2004. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSSWIN 10.0 version, and the study hypothesis was tested using regression analysis. The findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, as a result of analysing hypothesis 1. In the study of the relationship between the service quality and the revenue, it was verified that the more service quality in last year became the more revenue in the year. But the dummy variable, ownership and region, rarely related to hospital revenue. Therefore it means that the more service quality is connected to the more revenue on the large number of beds hospitals. Second, as a result of analysing hypothesis 2 & 3. In the study of the relationship between the service quality and the number of patients, it was verified that the more service quality in last year became the more outpatients in the year. But there was no verified to inpatients. It seems to be the reason why a hospital has operated the fixed number of beds approved by the public office. So there are no free to expand beds according to the number of inpatients as much as inpatients are increasing. Third, as a result of analysing hypothesis 4 & 5. In the study of the relationship between the service quality and the rate of beds utility, it was verified that the more service quality in last year became the shorter of average stay of length in the year. Especially it has influenced much more on a hospital which was the large number of beds, the corporate and the college, but the region. But it was denied that the more service quality became the more the beds turnover. As a result of this study, it shows that the service quality in the last year has importantly influenced on a hospital managerial performance in the year. Estimating the service quality of each hospital, most patients have selected the hospital they want. And the hospital need to keep the number of patients for the proper management. So this result of the study means that a hospital must improve the service quality for keeping efficient management.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 1991

The data on reproductive performance of 1065 purebred Landrace, 1254 purebred Yorkshire. 553 purebred Duroc and 327 purebred Pietrain sows bred to farrow purebred litters and data from 3413 Landrace $\times$ Yorkshire, 487 Duroc $\times$ Pietrain and 3191 commericial litters were udsed in this study. The data were collected form litters farrowed form January 1986 to December 1988 in Holiday Hills Stock and Breeding Farms, San Prero, Laguna. The crossbred sows and litters were better in most traits associated with sow productivity than their contemporary purebred sows and litters. The Duroc $\times$ Pietrain crossbred litters showed 16.67% improvement in litter size at weaning, 10.11% improvement in survival rate form birth to weaning and 16.21% more pigs per sow pre year than the averages of their parental breeds. The litters from the Landrace $\times$ Yorkshire crossbred sows sired by either Duroc or Duroc $\times$ Pietrain boars had 11.01% bigger litter size at birth, 20.74% increase in litter size at weaning and 22.86% more pigs weaned per sow per year than the averages of the four parental breeds. Very little improvement in most traits evaluated were observed form the Landrace $\times$ Yorkshire crossbred litters compared with their parental breeds. Year of birth of litter had litter influence on sow productivity. However, the reproductivity performance declined when sows farrowed in June up to September. The best Months of farrowing were found to be from January to April. The breed $\times$ year, breed $\times$ month and year $\times$ month had no significant effects on all traits evaluated.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of 1 year of training on imaging diagnosis, using static ultrasonography (US) salivary gland images of Sjögren syndrome patients. Materials and Methods: This study involved 3 inexperienced radiologists with different levels of experience, who received training 1 or 2 days a week under the supervision of experienced radiologists. The training program included collecting patient histories and performing physical and imaging examinations for various maxillofacial diseases. The 3 radiologists (observers A, B, and C) evaluated 400 static US images of salivary glands twice at a 1-year interval. To compare their performance, 2 experienced radiologists evaluated the same images. Diagnostic performance was compared between the 2 evaluations using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: Observer A, who was participating in the training program for the second year, exhibited no significant difference in AUC between the first and second evaluations, with results consistently comparable to those of experienced radiologists. After 1 year of training, observer B showed significantly higher AUCs than before training. The diagnostic performance of observer B reached the level of experienced radiologists for parotid gland assessment, but differed for submandibular gland assessment. For observer C, who did not complete the training, there was no significant difference in the AUC between the first and second evaluations, both of which showed significant differences from those of the experienced radiologists. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that the training program effectively helped inexperienced radiologists reach the level of experienced radiologists for US examinations.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.307-317
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• 2011

This paper is to investigate the possibility of the elastic seismic design for highrise buildings through seismic performance evaluation for potential earthquakes that wind-designed highrise buildings located in strong wind zone and low seismicity can be experienced. Highrise steel diagrid frames which is the most loved structural system in recent years were wind-designed and the substantial system overstrength due to wind design procedure is verified, For the highrise steel diagrid frames, the response spectrum analysis and the seismic performance evaluation by various soil sites were conducted. It was showed that highrise steel diagrid frames with slenderness of greater than 5.2 under strong wind and low seismic zones such as Korea peninsula can resist elastically for the 500 year return period earthquake and have the possibility of seismic design for the 2400 year return period earthquake. In the member level, highrise steel diagrid frames with slenderness of greater than 5.2 all presented the immediate occupancy level regardless of soil sites for the 500 year return earthquake and excluding the $S_E$ soil site for the even 2400 year return period earthquake. In the system level, highrise steel diagrid frames with slenderness of greater than 5.2 showed the immediate occupancy level for $S_A$ and $S_B$ soil sites and the life safety for $S_C$ to $S_E$ soil site in the 500 year return period. The seismic performance level of highrise steel diagrid frames for the 2400 year return period earthquake displayed one step lower than the 500 year return period earthquake.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.409-415
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• 2014

Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems have become an efficient alternative to conventional cooling and heating methods due to their higher energy efficiency. These systems use the ground as a heat source and the heat sink for cooling mode operation. The purpose of this simulation study is to evaluate the performance of a hypothetical GSHP system in an office building and to assess the energy saving effect against the existing HVAC systems (boiler and turbo chiller). We collected monthly energy consumption data from an actual office building ($32,488m^2$) in Seoul, and created a model to calculate the hourly building loads with EnergyPlus. In addition, we used GLD (Ground Loop Design) V8.0, a GSHP system design and simulation software tool, to evaluate hourly and monthly performance of the GSHP system. The energy consumption for the GSHP system based on the hourly simulation results were estimated to be 582.6 MWh/year for cooling and 593.2 MWh/year for heating, while those for the existing HVAC systems were found to be 674.5 MWh/year and 2,496.4 MWh/year, respectively. The seasonal performance factor (SPF) of the GSHP system was also calculated to be in the range of 3.37~4.28.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.311-335
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• 2009

This study investigates the factors barrier the performance of Korean manufacturing firms in China. Also an empirical data use the field survey of Korean manufacturing firms in China. as a result, First, we find that employment-cost factor, that is rising labor costs, a change of occupation is an effect the performance of Korean manufacturing firms in China. Second, business beginning year and by 7 region factor is very significant on the performance of Korean FDI firms in china. And then, Korean corporate investment in China is a desirable form of long-term investment shall be determined. also we know that regions of China, differentiated investment approach is effective. finally, The result shows that FDI to China is need of the long term plan, and In actual use, these FDI should be applied flexibly in china business environment.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2017

This study aimed to compare the primary heating energy consumption of regional apartment houses based on the enhanced thermal insulation performance of building envelope standards. The difference of the heating energy consumption based on the enhanced thermal insulation performance of building envelope standards in the southern region, the largest regional difference in primary heating energy consumption, is $10.3kWh/(m^2{\cdot}year)$. The difference of the heating energy consumption based on the enhanced thermal insulation performance of building envelope standards in the central region is $8.0{\sim}8.5kWh/(m^2{\cdot}year)$ and that of the Jeju region is $0.5kWh/(m^2{\cdot}year)$. These energy consumption differences do not result in building energy efficiency ratings changing. The building energy efficiency ratings have the possibility to be changed.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of the GHP system with 150 energy piles for a commercial building. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of a sustainable performance of the system, simulations were conducted over 1-year and 20-year periods, respectively. The 1-year simulation results showed that the maximum and minimum temperatures of brine returning from the energy piles were $23.80^{\circ}C$ and $7.90^{\circ}C$, which were in a range of design target temperatures. In addition, after 20 years' operation, these returning temperatures decreased slowly to $23.05^{\circ}C$ and $6.98^{\circ}C$, and finally reached to stable state. The results also showed that the energy piles injected heat of 65.6 MWh to the ground and extracted heat of 96.0 MWh from the ground, respectively. Also, it is expected this GHP system with energy piles can operate with average SPF of more than 4.15 for long term.