• 정신신체의학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2003

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 소아암 환아 부모와 일반 부모 사이의 스트레스와 삶의 질을 비교하는 데 있다. 방 법: 스트레스 인자지각는 전반적인 스트레스평가 척도(global assessment of recent stress)를, 스트레스 반응(정신병리)은 간이정신진단척도(Symptom checklist-90-revised)를 이용하였다. 대응전략은 대응척도를 이용하였으며, 삶의 질은 스미스클라인비참 삶의 질 척도를 이용하였다. 결 과: 소아암 환아 부모군은 대인관계, 관계의 변화, 질병 및 상해, 경제적 문제, 비일상적인 사건 등과 관련한 스트레스인자 지각점수가 대조군보다 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 대응전략에서는 소아암 환아 부모군이 대조군보다 자기 통제, 긍정적 재평가 점수가 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 정신병리에서는 소아암 환아 부모군이 대조군보다 불안, 우울, 신체화, 공격성 점수가 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 삶의 질 척도 점수는 소아암 환아 부모군이 대조군보다 유의하게 더 낮았다. 급성 백혈병 환아 부모 사이의 비교에서 대응전략에서는 ANLL 환아 부모가 ALL 환아 부모보다 거리감두기, 책임수용 점수가 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 정신병리에서 ANLL 환아부모가 ALL 환아 부모보다 우울 점수가 유의하게 더 높았다. 결 론: 소아암 환아 부모들이 높은 스트레스 지각과 낮은 삶의 질을 보고하고 있으므로 이에 대한 스트레스 관리프로그램 등 정신사회적 개입이 필요하다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.871-878
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• 2011

본 연구는 일반 조직과는 상이한 환경에서 근무하는 국내 항공기 조종사들을 대상으로 그들의 직무스트레스 요인이 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 실증 분석함으로써 효과적인 이직관리와 조종사와 승객의 안전 및 그들의 조종업무효율을 높이기 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 함에 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과 조종사의 직무스트레스인 경우, 조직관련 스트레스와 보수관련 스트레스가 이직의도에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 하여 조종사의 경우 임무 및 상황적 특수성에 의한 직무환경 스트레스와 이직의도를 예방하고 관리하여 업무효율을 높이고 나아가 개인의 삶에 건강한 삶에 도움이 되는 기초 자료를 마련하고자 한다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-52
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of stress and patterns of coping for that Stressful events on family members because of the hospitalization of the patients. Stress and coping were measured with a tool on the basis of Volicer and Bell's questionnaire. In data collection, the modified 38 items of Volicer's stress scale and Bell's 18 item coping scale were administered. The subjects consisted of 259 family members of general ward-patients in Seoul National University Hospital during April in 1990. They were randomly selected on the basis of relationship of patients; patient's spouse, patient's daughters or sons. The stressors of the family members were ranked as follows; The first rank Stressful events was related to the patient's diseases and pain, the second ones was related ·to caring of their patients and family's psychosocial life. Families used long term coping method significantly more than short term ones. The results indicated that there was no difference in use of coping method between pre and post hospitalization. Finding out more about situation and optimism were the most common coping methods, and the least frequent coping method was the use of drugs. In conclusion, the identification of perceived stress and coping patterns of family members provides useful information for family nursing and aimes at better nursing care for the hospitalized in patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.193-206
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the stressors and stress coping styles of 6th grade el ementary school children and to explore the relationship between stressful life events and health symptoms and the effects of coping style which is theoretically considered to mediate the relationship between stress and health symptoms. The study subjects consisted of 329 in 6th grade elementary school children in Cheong-Ju city. Of the 329 subjects, 171 were boys and 158 were girls. For this study, three kinds of questionnaires were adopted as follows ; 1) Feel Bad Scale (FBS) by Lewis et al., 2) lazarus-Folkman's Way of coping questionnaire 3) Hee Sun Shin's Health Symptom questionnaire (HSQ) The researcher visited the school and collected data in the class using the questionnaire method after an explanation of the purpose and procedures was given to the children. Data collection was done for 10 days (from 5th to 15th of July 1997) . The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis using the SAS statistical program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The mean score for the FBS was 211.37(range : 77-427), The most severe stressors perceived by children were parental divorce and other's smash or steal of my things. The most frequently experienced stressful life events were conflict with siblings and being scolded for other's fault. 2. The most frequently used stress coping style was the active coping (M=17.85), followed by passive (M=13.64) and magical one (M=13.42). 3. The mean score for the HSQ was 23.30(range : 0-72) The most frequently complained health symptoms were headache and having much worry about everything. 4. There was a significant relationship between stressful life events and health symptoms (r=.60, p<.001). Also, stressful life events were positively related with passive coping(r=.27, p<.001) and magical coping (r=.38, p<.001). Health symptoms were positively correlated with passive coping(r=.33, p<.001) and magical coping (r=.41, p<.001). 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was the variable of stressful life events. Health concerns, magical coping style, passive coping style and active coping style accounted for 49.15% of the variance in health symptoms. This study revealed that stressful life events correlated with health symptoms in 6th grade elementary school children and passive coping and magical coping had mediating effects on this relationship. The implication for nursing is that there is a need to develop supportive interventions for high risk population to decrease health problems due to stress.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2019

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to explore the effects of bullying, health promotion lifestyles, and physical symptoms on the occupational stress of new nurses in general hospitals. Methods: The participants of this study were 157 new nurses in fivegeneral hospitals with 100 to 399 beds in Gyeonggi-do. Data were collected from January to February, 2018, using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20. Results: A total of 60.5% of the participants experienced bullying, and 38.2% experienced bullying more than 10 times a month. The perceived severity of bullying was severe (32.4%) and the nurses' first bullying experience began within the first six months (47.7%). Their occupational stress was scored 3.1. The regression model for occupational stressors was significant (F=23.86, p<.001), and the total explanatory power was 46.8%. The variables affecting occupational stress were bullying awareness (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001), preceptor satisfaction (${\beta}=-.30$, p<.001), and health promotion lifestyles (${\beta}=-.26$, p=.001). Conclusion: It is important to reduce the incidence of bullying in order to help new nurses with high occupational stress. Stress management programs are needed to improve relationships between new nurses and preceptors and to encourage their health promotion lifestyles.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.24-40
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• 2001

This study is to observe the effectiveness of the applied model and to present the improvement plan and directions for development for the case management practical model suitable for the actual condition of Korea Labor Welfare Co. and needs of the industrial injury patients. The concrete purpose of this study is: First, observe the difference of stressor experience and experience degree between the experimental group and the comparative group. Second, observe the difference of stress of the experimental group and the comparative group. Third, find out how the stress affects the support degree and satisfaction degree. Fourth, present the improvement plan of case management model, which can promote the psychosocial rehabilitation of the industrial injury patient based on the research results. The outline of the main research results identified in this study is as follows. The stressors the industrial injury patients perceived are health problems, family matters, the problems concerning hospital recuperation (hospital staff and environmental problems), economical problems, problems of coming back to society, problems with companies, problems with Korea labour Welfare Co. and other problems. And the experience of stressor was prominently lower in experimental group than comparative group in the whole problem, health problem, problems with Korea Labour-Welfare Co. and other problems. The stressor experience degree was conspicuously lower in experimental group in the whole problem experience degree, health problem experience degree, problem with Korea Labour Co. experience degree and other problem experience degree. Besides whether or not the case management is applied is having a prominent affect on the primary factor affecting the stressor experience degree, therefore the patients applied with case management has less stressor than the patient who didn't. The difference of degree of tension experienced by the stressor in both groups, the degree of stress, was not conspicuous in statistics so it shows that the application of case management in this research has not affected the degree of tension. The field which had been the most help was emotional support in help level the experimental group perceived through applying case management about industrial accident patients and recuperation, compensation problem, medical treatment problem, family matters has been helpful in this order. The help level of the whole problem was in higher level than the middle value. The stress factor which affects the case management problem settlement is the whole body of stress. The satisfaction level of help through applying case management was highest in emotional support and family matters, recuperation problem, company problem, compensation problem, and medical treatment problem was the next highest. The satisfaction level of the whole problem was higher than the middle value. The stress factor affecting the satisfaction level of help is the whole body of stress. Therefore to reduce the stress level of industrial accident patients and for them to come back to local societies, we need to reinforce the continuance and responsibility of case management model, increase staff, reinforce the role of counsel and medical treatment, intervene in the patient's plan of leaving the hospital, develop social support system and the need to establish After Care Center.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 피학대 아동의 성, 연령 및 학대유형별로 정신적 표상 수준에서 가족에 대한 지각에 어떠한 차이가 있는 지를 구체적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울소재 아동학대예방센터 1곳과 아동상담소 1곳에서 학대사례로 판정된 만 7-14세의 신체학대 아동 15명, 방임 아동 15명, 그리고 신체학대·정서학대·방임의 중복학대 아동 15명 등 총 45명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구도구는 아동·청소년의 가족지각검사(Family Assessment Test)를 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 피학대 남아는 피학대 여아에 비해 부모의 적절한 제한설정에도 불순응하는 태도를 더 많이 보였으며, 정서적으로는 걱정을 더 많이 하고, 검사에 대한 거부적 태도를 더 많이 보였다. 반면에 피학대 여아는 피학대 남아에 비해 어머니를 스트레스 요인으로 더 많이 지각하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 피학대 아동의 연령이 어릴수록 어머니에 대해 자신을 보호하는 조력자로 더 많이 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, 중학생의 경우 검사에 대한 거부적 태도를 더 많이 보이고, 가족과 관련하여 분노정서를 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 중복학대를 경험한 아동은 신체학대나 방임을 경험한 아동에 비해 가족갈등을 더 많이 경험하는 동시에 갈등에 대해 부정적인 해결방안을 더 많이 사용하고, 부모의 부적절한 제한에 불순응하는 태도를 더 많이 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 역기능적인 가족지각 지수도 중복학대 경험 아동이 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 중복학대의 심각성이 더 두드러짐을 알 수 있다. 반면에 방임을 경험한 아동은 신체적 학대나 중복학대를 경험한 아동에 비해 슬픔과 우울과 관련된 정서를 더 많이 느끼는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.623-637
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• 2016

본 연구는 노인의 온라인 사회관계가 우울에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 서울 소재 복지관 2곳의 정보화교육프로그램(컴퓨터 기초반, 스마트폰반, 인터넷반)에 참여한 60세 이상 노인 총 144명을 대상으로 설문조사결과를 분석하였다. Williams(2006)의 사회자본척도(On and Off the 'Net' Scales for Social Capital in an Online Era)를 사용해 노인의 온라인 사회관계를 측정하였으며, 온라인 사회관계가 우울에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 인구사회학적 변수, 건강관련 변수, 스트레스 변수를 모두 통제한 상태에서도 온라인 결속형 사회관계는 노인의 우울에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 지역 내 온라인 결속형 사회관계 강화 프로그램이 필요하며, IT교육 프로그램을 통해 온라인 결속형 사회관계를 강화시키는 것이 노인의 우울감소에 도움이 됨을 시사하고 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 1976

Contemper nursing literature place much importance on human- centered and individualized care. Nursing research has related stress during hospitalization of adolescent patients to adaptation to a new environment, isolation from friends, limitation due to illness, over protection of parents and communication with member of the medical team. The investigator conducted this study in the hope that an understanding of adolescents responses to hospitalization, their perceptions, the kinds and levels of stress, and the relationships between stressors and individual characteristics would contribute to the improvement of adolescent patient care. The objective of the study was to obtain informations related to the adolescents psychological stress experience during hospitalization, specifically stress from interpersonal relationships and communication, isolation from the family, social or economic problems, illness and from the treatment environment and nursing care. An interview schedule adopted from Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale and selected items from Voicer's instrument on stress-producing events was used with 120 adolescent inpatients aged 13 to 18 years three general hospitals in Seoul during Aug. 10, to Sep. 30, 1975. 1. The sample consisted of 66 male and 54 female patients. Sixty-six percent were late adolescents, aged 16 to 18 years: 4% were early adolescents, aged 13 to 15 years. The primary cause for hospitalization was for orthopedic problems (35.8%). More than half of these (54.4%) were due to injury or accident. 2. Stress eclated to illness revealed the highest score (4.97), followed by stress related to treatment environment and nursing care (4.34) , isolation from family and social or economic problems (4.01) and interpersonal relationships and communication (3.96). 3. The perceived indifference of doctors and nurses was a serious cause of stress (mean=4.83). Fellow patients and visitors caused least stress (mean=2.06). 4. Discontinuation of education or unemployment were major stressful events (mean=4.71). Least stressful was isolation from the family (mean=3.47). 5. More than 94% of the respondents expressed fears related to body image (mean=4.97) 6. Within the category of treatment environment and nursing care, items related to restrictions because of treatment, discomfort because of treatment, inadequate explanation from nurses about procedures were rated as severe stress events (mean=4.6). Items related to the ward environment and to having a relative stay with them were seen by the group as less serious events (mean=3.7). 7. Stress related to interpersonal relationships and communication was correlated positively with female patients and those preferring passive activities. (P〈0.05) 8. Stress related to family problems was positively related to female and early adolescent patients (P< 0.05). Stress related to social problems was positively , elated to students and those preferring active pursuits (P< 0.05). 9. There were no correlation between the high stress related to disease and any of the characteristic items. (P> 0.05) 10. Stress related to treatment environment and nursing care was positively related of early adolescent and female and student patients. (P< 0.05) This group of hospitalized adolescents reported high level of stress related to treatment environment and nursing care, due to lack of consideration of normal growth and development and individual characteristics. The findings have important implications for the planning of effective, individualized, comprehensive nursing care of adolescents during hospitalization.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.63-89
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of determining whether the positive association between social support and depression is attributable to an overall beneficial effect of support(direct effect) or to a process of support protecting persons from adverse effects of stressors such as life events, pain or physical disability (buffering effect). The sample consisted of 214 patients who were identified as the rheumatoid arthritis. The instruments used in this study were Depression Scale(CES-D), Perceived Social Support Scale, Life Events Questionnaire, AIMS Pain Scale, and Physical Disability Scale. The data were analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The 1st hypothesis, "The higher the life events degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.49, P=.0001). 2. The 2nd hypothesis, "The higher the pain degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.44, P=.0001). 3. The 3rd hypothesis, "The higher the physical disability degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported (r=.46, P=.0001). 4. The 4th hypothesis, "The higher the social support degree, the lower the depression degree" was supported(F=84.52, P=.0001). 5. The 5th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of life events and depression according to social support degree" was rejected (F=.29, P=.5928). 6. The 6th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of pain and depression according to social support degree" was supported (F=3.19, P=.0755). 7. The 7th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of physical disability and depression according to social support degree" was supported(F=5.69, P=.018). 8. The predictive variables for depression were the degrees for social support, life events, pain, and physical disability. 9. The depression degree showed a inverse correlation with social support degree (r=-.56, p=.0001). The social support degree showed a inverse correlation with the degrees of life events(r=-.22, p=.0007), pain(r=-.18, p=.0069) and physical disability(r=-.15, p=.0293). 10. The depression degree showed significant differences in the variables of sex (t=2.26, p=.025), educational level(r=.189, P=.006) and the number of treatment method (r=.201, P=.003). In conclusion, it was found that social support had the direct effect on depression and the buffering effect in each relationship between degrees of pain or physical disability and depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. So the researcher thinks that it is effective that nurses should provide these patients with social support to reduce depression in cases of having severe pain or physical disability.