• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.595-605
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• 2010

Objectives : A precedent research has documented that occupational stress is closely associated with increased the risk of fatigue and decreased in job satisfaction. This study was conducted in an effort to assess the relationship of occupational stress to self-perceived fatigue and job satisfaction by using job strain model. Methods : The number of respondents was 122 dental hygienist who work in dental clinic and period of the investigation was July 2009 through september 2009. A structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate the participants' sociodemographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, occupational stress, job satisfaction and self-perceived fatigue. Occupational stress and self-perceived fatigue were assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short form (KOSS-SF) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), respectively. Results : In job strain model, the ratio of Q2(High Strain Job) group that more susceptible to disease by stress than other group was 16% and the proportion of high fatigue group(Q3, Q4 group) and low job satisfaction group(Q3, Q4 group) was 48%, 45% respectively. In logistic regression analyses, a High Strain Job group was associated with higher odds of react factor(fatigue, job satisfaction) and the odds was down by 3.3%~7.5% after adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise. So the effective strategy for fatigue, job satisfaction reduction for dental hygienist requires additional program focusing on innovated work environment that provide a enough leisure time and exercise program considering the personality traits. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that occupational stress is a determinant predictor of self perceived fatigue and job satisfaction. Thus, a stress management program for the reduction of occupational stress, and the promotion of dental hygienist impact assessment health and quality of life is strongly recommended.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2007

Objective : The purposes of this study were two-fold; First it investigated self-esteem, stress and coping behaviors of mothers with handicapped children as a function of their and their children's characteristics; Second it examined the relationship among these variables. Method : The subjects were 294 mothers of handicapped children who were receiving treatment in one of the sixteen special therapy institutions in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Gangwon-do. Rosenberg's(1965) Self-Esteem Scale translated by Jeon Byung-Jea(1974) was used to measure the degree of mothers' self-esteem. Mothers' stress was assessed using the Support Burden Scale revised by Seong Jong-sook(2000) and their coping behavior was examined using Folkman's(1986) Coping Scale translated by Jeon Sung-hye. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation. Result : The major results of this study were as follows; First, working mothers of handicapped children showed higher self-esteem and problem solving coping behavior more than non-working mothers. Self-esteem was found higher with high-income mothers than with low-income ones. Stress was shown more intense to low- and middle-income mothers than to high-income ones. Problem solving coping behavior was preferred more by high-and middle-income mothers than by low-income ones. Second, mothers with the mild-handicap children showed higher self-esteem than those with the first-degree handicap ones. Mothers of children with first-, second- and third-degree handicap perceived more stress than those with mild handicap. Coping behavior was significantly different depending on the severity of children's handicap, but no significant difference was found among the groups. Third, the higher the self-esteem of mothers was, the less they perceived stress and used more of problem solving coping behavior. When mothers perceived a great deal of stress, they used more of emotion-oriented coping behaviors.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a yoga program on perceived stress, stress response and heart rate variability in professionals. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental intervention study. The participants were 47 adults with professional jobs consisting of an experimental group with 23 adults and a control group with 24 adults. The duration of the yoga program was eight weeks from July 4 to August 30, 2012. Results: There were significant decreases in the stress response score after the yoga program. No significant changes in perceived stress and heart rate variability were observed between the experimental group and control group. However, there were significant decreases in perceived stress, stress response scale, and heart rate variability for some participants whose stress levels were high. Conclusion: An eight-week-long yoga program could be considered as an intervention to decrease the stress response of professionals even though it might not reduce their perceived stress and heart rate variability. To further analyze the effects of a yoga program in professionals, changes in intervention strength (such as longer periods and frequency) and the development of physiological measures, which would show the co-relationship between perceived stress and physiological response, are necessary in future studies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.925-932
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between depression, perceived stress, fatigue and anger in clinical nurses. Method: A descriptive survey was conducted using a convenient sample. Data was collected by questionnaires from four hundred clinical nurses who worked at a university hospital. Radloff's CES-D for depression, Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein's Perceived Stress Scale, VAS for Fatigue, and Spielberger's STAXI for anger were used. The data was analyzed using the pearson correlation coefficient, students' t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Result: The depression of clinical nurses showed a significantly positive correlation to perceived stress(r=.360, p=.000), mental fatigue(r=.471, p=.000), physical fatigue(r=.350, p=.000), trait anger(r=.370, p=.000), anger-in expression(r=.231, p=.000), and anger-control expression(r=.120, p=.016). There was a negative correlation between depression and age(r=-.146, p=.003). The mean score of depression of nurses, 26, was a very high score and 40.8% of clinical nurses were included in a depression group. The main significant predictors influencing depression of clinical nurses were mental fatigue, trail anger, perceived stress, anger-in expression, and state anger, which explained about 32.7%. Conclusion: These results indicate that clinical nurses with a high degree of perceived stress, mental fatigue and anger-in expression are likely to be depressed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2001

This was designed to identify the relationship among perceived stress, ways of coping, and type A/B personality of college students. The subjects of this study were 279 from one nursing department and one non-nursing department of junior college in Daejon. and the data were collected from June 5 to 9, 2000. The instruments for this study were the Adolescent Life Change Event Questionnaire developed by Mendez, Yeaworth, York(1982) ways of coping scale developed by Lazarus and Folkman(1984), and the type A/B person-ality scale developed by Vickers(1973). The data were analyzed by utilizing SPSS/PC+ program and the results were as follows : 1. The relationship between 2, 3 grade of nursing curriculum and type A personality revealed a positive significant correlation(p=.021). 2. The subjects perceived high stress in the order of stress related to opposite sex, family, friend, self, school. 3. The subjects revealed that they have the use of stress coping in the order of aesthetic thinking, social support, problem-force, emotion-force coping. 4. There was significant difference in perceived stress according to curriculum(p=.000). 5. There was significant difference in ways of stress coping according to personality type(p=.012). 6. 1) There was positive relationship between stress related to school and problem-force coping, and between stress related to opposite sex and emotion-force coping, 2) There was positive relationship between type A personality and problem-force coping, and social support, and aesthetic thinking coping, respectively.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.493-502
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was conducted to measure the levels of Health status, perceived stress, self-esteem, and achievement motivation and assertive behavior of adolescents. The relationships among these variables as well as predictors of health status were examined. Method: The sample was composed of 496 students (male: 195. female: 301) from 3 high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do regions. The instruments used in this study were as follows: health status scale developed by Noh (1991), perceived stress scale developed by Park(1996), self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg (1965), achievement motivation scale developed by Park(1986) and assertive behavior scale developed by Kim(1982). The reliability of the five instruments were examined using Chronbachs' a that ranged from, .63 to .90 in this study. The data were analyzed with the SAS program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan multiple comparison, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The results were as follows: 1. The mean score .of health status was 3.1, which was higher than the median of the instrument. 2. There were significant correlations of health status with self-esteem (r=.381. p=.0001), assertive behavior (r=.503. p=.0001), and perceived stress (r=-.352. p=.0001). 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that 34% of health status was affected by the level of assertive behavior (25%), self-esteem (7%), and perceived stress (2%). Conclusion: Based on these findings, assertive behavior and self-esteem appear to be specific important areas of future research as to better understand the health status of adolescents, and to develop health status-related interventions for them.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.373-382
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• 2010

A number of recent studies have shown that occupational stress is closely associated with increased fatigue and decreased job satisfaction. This study was designed to assess stress in workers in the field of EIA (environment impact assessment) from July 2009 through september 2009, and questionnaires were uesd to analyze the stress scores and identify the primary factors influencing stress in this occupation. The number of respondents was 272 working in the Capital (Seoul and Kyunggido), Chungcheongdo, Jejudo area. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants' socio-demographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, occupational stress, reaction factor (self-perceived fatigue, job satisfaction) and buffer factor (social support). Occupational stress and self-perceived fatigue were assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), respectively. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between occupational stress, job satisfaction, and social support, with occupational stress being associated with an increased risk of fatigue and decreased job satisfaction. In the multiple regression analysis(stepwise), the main factors influencing occupational stress were found to be job satisfaction, supervisor, fatigue, working time, no. of personnel, career. The results of this study suggest that occupational stress is a determinant predictor of self perceived fatigue and job satisfaction. Thus, a strong recommendation is made for a stress management program for reduction of occupational stress, and for the development of relevant experts on the health and quality of life of environment impact assessment workers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.321-330
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean self-compassion scale using data from 312 correctional workers. To validate the self-compassion scale using the collected data, correlational analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were applied. To explore relationships between the self-compassion scale and related instruments, five instruments were used (the Korean occupational stress scale, the center for epidemiological studies depression scale, the Maslach burnout inventory scale, perceived stress scale, and the satisfaction with life scale). The results showed that the collected data better fit the 6-factor model than the 3-factor and 2-factor models. There were statistically significant relationships between the self-compassion scale and five other scales. These results suggest that the self-compassion scale is a good instrument to examine risk factors that can remain during continuous stress situations and to explore protective factors that can maintain the therapeutic relationship. The implications of this study and future research directions were also discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.294-303
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine subjective happiness related factors in Korean nursing students. Methods: A purposive sample of 200 nursing students was recruited for the cross-sectional survey design. The instruments were perceived stress scale, major satisfaction scale, resilience scale, and subjective happiness scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hierarchical linear regression, and the Sobel test for testing mediating effects. Results: The mean score of stress, major satisfaction, resilience and subjective happiness was 2.21, 3.95, 3.60 and 5.03, respectively. Perceived health status, stress_positive perception, stress_negative perception, resilience_self confidence, resilience_positivity, resilience_social support had significant effects on subjective happiness. Explained variance for the subjective happiness was 53.4%. Resilience had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between stress and subjective happiness (Sobel test: Z=-5.67, p<.001). Also, resilience had a mediating effect in the relationship between major satisfaction and subjective happiness (Sobel test: Z=5.65, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on improving resilience are recommended to improve subjective happiness in nursing students.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived stress and dietary habits of female college students and define the relationships between them. Method: A convenient sampling method was used at a university based In Seoul. Finally, 412 students participated in the study from May 1 to June 10, 2008. The questionnaires administered consisted of a Stress Scale for college students and Dietary habit scale questionnaires. The students filled out the questionnaires by themselves. The collected data was analyzed with the SPSS Win 14.0 statistics program, which was used to calculate the frequencies, percentages, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation of the variables. Result: The major findings of this study were as follows; In general, female students were mostly stressed by 'schooling.' Stress scores were significantly different in accordance with religion. Overall, dietary habits of study participants were normal. Significant differences were observed in the dietary habits between type of residence, major, and spending money per month. There was a significant relationship between perceived stress and dietary habits. Conclusion: Stress management for female college students should be developed and nutritional education programs should be reinforced.