• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.621-630
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the smoking status and related factors among adolescents in Korea. Methods: We used data from the 5-7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The distribution of smokers and smoking status according to general characteristics was analyzed using complex chi-square tests. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between smoking experience and general characteristics by calculating the 95% confidence intervals. Results: There were 618 subjects who had experience smoking one or two puffs, the starting age of one or two puffs on smoking was 14.37 years old, the number of smoking days per month was 12.42 days, and the amount of smoking per day in a month was 7.59. Gender, residential area, income level, drinking experience, subjective health status, perceived stress level, continuous depression for more than 2 weeks, suicidal thoughts within a year, and age were significantly related to smoking experience. Conclusions: It is necessary to understand the smoking behavior of adolescents. It is important to lower the smoking rate among adolescents through the development and operation of systematic smoking prevention and smoking cessation policies at the national level, as well as the efforts of youth themselves to quit smoking.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.250-260
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• 2020

The purpose of the present study was to explore the most effective body region and cooling temperature to alleviate heat strain of workers in hot environments. We developed liquid cooling hood, vest, sleeves and socks and applied the water temperatures of 10, 15, 20, and 25℃ through the liquid cooling garments in a hot and humid environment (33℃ air temperature and 70% RH air humidity). A healthy young male participated in a total of 16 experimental trials (four cooling garments × four cooling temperatures) with the following protocol: 10-min rest, 40-min exercise on a treadmill and 10-min recovery. The results showed that rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, and ratings of perceived exertion during exercise; heart rate and diastolic blood pressure during recovery; and total sweat rate were lower for the vest condition than other garment conditions(p < .05). However, there was no differences in mean skin temperature among the four cooling garments when we compared the values converted by covering area(%BSA). When we classified the results by cooling temperature, there were no consistent differences in thermoregulatory and cardiovascular responses among the four temperatures, but 25℃ water temperature was evaluated as being the most ineffective cooling temperature in terms of subjective responses. In conclusion, the results indicated that wearing cooling vest with < 20℃ cooling temperature can alleviate heat strain of workers in hot and humid environments. If the peripheral body regions are cooled with liquid cooling garments, larger cooling area with lower cooling temperature than 10℃ would be effective to reduce heat strain of workers. Further studies with a vaild number of subjects are required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2005

Objectives : To develop a tool for multidimensional measurement of the quality of life, which was psychometrically sound, short, and easy to administer for patients with hypertension. Methods : A sample of 1,115 hypertensive patients aged 20 or above in Cheong-Song County was studied from June 1997 to October 1998. In the development of the instrumental stage, the authors first conceptualized the quality of life. Item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting were followed. Item-level (item descriptive, missing%, item internal consistency, item discriminant validity) analysis, scale-level (scale descriptive, floor and ceiling effect) analysis, and other tests(Cronbach's alpha, inter-dimension correlations, factor analysis, clinical validity) were performed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the new measurement scale. After 1 year, responsiveness and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Results : The results of both item-level and scale-level analyses were acceptable. An acceptable degree of internal consistency was observed for each of the dimensions (Cronbach's alpha was 0.60 or higher). Inter-dimension correlations were below 0.50 and the factor analysis result was the same as the intended dimension structure. Correlation coefficients between perceived health status, stress and dimensions were proven to be acceptable. The result of comparing dimensional score means among ADL and MMSE-K groups above 60 years was statistically significant(p<0.05). The result of confirmatory factor analysis concluded that the dimensional structure model was well fitted. However, the result of responsiveness test using sensitivity and specificity was unsatisfactory. Conclusions : The newly developed measurement scale is psychometrically reliable and valid instrument for measuring quality of life in hypertensive patients.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2002

This study was designed to assess diet and health-related factors of older adults in Korea. Subjects females were 2,660 adults aged 50 and over living in Korea. Males were 847 persons and were 1813 persons. The mean weight and height for males and females were 63.8 $\pm$ 0.3kg / 164.0 $\pm$ 0.2cm and 57.0 $\pm$ 0.2kg /150.6 $\pm$ 0.1cm respectively. BMI (body mass index), body fat, and percent fat were significantly greater in females than in males. The muscle mass and body water were significantly greater in males than in females. Twenty-one percent of total subjects lived alone and 26% with spouse only. Most of the subject's self-reported income was in middle level (65%) or low level (24%). Proportion of subjects who answered 'very poor' or 'poor' on perceived health status was higher in older group. The 50-64 years old group was facing more stress than 65yr and over group. Among male subjects,38.4% were current-smokers and 22.0% were ex-smokers. But only 6.5% of female subjects were current-smokers. Males turned out to have better dietary habits-meal frequency per day, mealtime regularity, regular meal size and balanced eating-than females (p < 0.001). This study revealed that the diet and health-related factors affect nutritional status and chronic diseases of the elderly. For better management and evaluation of health status of the elderly, more effective nutritional assessment tools should be developed.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2020

본 연구는 폐경 후 중년여성의 우울 증상에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 시도된 이차 자료분석 연구이다. 2016년 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하여 40~65세의 중년여성 중 폐경여성 647명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료분석은 복합표본 independent t-test 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 다중회귀분석에서 폐경 후 중년여성의 우울 증상은 경제상태, 주관적 건강상태, 지각된 스트레스, 흡연여부, 신체활동 및 활동제한여부에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 회귀모형의 설명력은 36%였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시된 폐경 후 중년여성의 우울 증상 영향요인을 고려하여 폐경 이행기 중년여성의 우울 증상을 감소하기 위한 중재 전략을 개발하고 적용할 것을 제언한다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.79-97
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 PTSD 증상완화를 위한 새터민의 음악사용 실태를 파악하고 이와 관련된 특성을 탐구하는 것이다. 연구자는 수도권에 거주하는 80명의 새터민을 대상으로 외상경험, PTSD 증상, 증상 관련 음악활용에 대한 설문을 하였고 총 78부를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 설문에 참여한 모든 새터민이 외상사건에 직 간접적으로 노출된 경험이 있으며 이 중 32%가 하나 이상의 PTSD 관련 증상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 대다수의 참여자는 일상 뿐 아니라 PTSD 증상완화를 위한 음악활용의 필요성에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하고 있는데 38%만이 일상 속에서 활용하는 반면, 75%는 PTSD 증상완화를 위해 음악을 사용하고 있음을 보고하였다. 새터민들은 감상 위주로 음악을 접하지만 노래 부르기도 활용하였으며 음악활용의 목적으로 정서 안정과 환기를 가장 중요하게 평가했다. 보편적으로 남 북한 노래들을 모두 언급하였고 다양한 선곡의 이유와 고려사항들을 제시하였는데 이는 앞으로 새터민을 위한 음악의 치료적 활용에 있어 중요한 기초자료로써 의의가 있다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권5호
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• pp.585-592
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• 2001

최근 도시녹지 내 트레일 개발에 많은 관심과 그 중요성이 인식되고 있으며, 서울, 대구를 비롯한 주요도시에 이미 다양한 형태의 수변 산책로가 조성되었다. 이러한 트레일은 녹지공간의 제공, 건강증진, 스트레스 완화 등 지역사회에 여러 가지 편익을 제공하고 있다. 미국과 유럽국가의 경우, 도시녹지 내의 트레일은 체계적으로 조성되어 이미 일반화되어 있으며, 우리나라에서의 도시 내의 트레일 개발에 있어 중요한 기초 자료로서의 활용가치가 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 미국과 우리나라의 트레일 이용행태 특성, 참여 활동, 경제적 편익 및 이용 편익에 대한 인식 차이를 조사하였다. 대구광역시에 위치한 3개의 트레일과 미국 시카고, 인디아나폴리스 지역 등에 위치한 4개의 서로 다른 트레일에 대한 연구결과를 토대로 이용자에 대한 인식을 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과는 미국과 한국 트레일 이용자간에는 이용에 따른 인식의 차이점이 발견되었으며, 이러한 정보는 우리나라의 그린웨이 시스템 개발을 위한 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.495-505
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• 2002

A study was performed to develop as a screening tool the Simple Evaluation Questionnaire for Screening the Over-weight-type Dietary Pattern in 30 to 49 Year Old Adults. We used the data from the 30 to 49 year old subjects who participated in the three surveys - the health behavior survey, the dietary habit survey and the food intake survey - as the National Health and Nutrition Survey 1998. The 3,598 adults were classified into to two body fatness groups of normal (including underweight) and overweight (including obese) on the basis of their relative body weight (RBW) When comparing variables between the two groups, significant differences were found in gender, education, job, employment status, perceived health status, sadness / depression state, stress level, age, number of diseases, age when overweightedness started, maximum body weight, sleep length, drinking pattern (yes/no) , amount of alcoholic drinks, frequency of intoxication or drunkeness, amount of alcoholic drinks when drunk, intensity of exercise, frequency of exercise, exercise duration, skipped meals, small meals and drug supplements. In terms of food intake, there were significant differences in the daily food intake in terms of breakfast, dinner, daily kimchi and dairy products. In terms of mealtimes, we found differences in the amount of cooked rice at breakfast, kimchi at lunch, soup / kuk at dinner, fresh vegetables for snacks, fried foods for snacks between breakfast and lunch, and fruits /juices for snacks between lunch and dinner. After developing questions with indicators and analyzing the indicators by logistic regression analysis three times, we chose 10 questions for a simple evaluation of dietary patterns for the overweight-type category in order to give one point each. Among them we selected two questions to add one additional point and one question to add two additional points. The average scores of the overweight and normal groups, as shown by the developed questionnaire, were $5.97 \pm 2.36 \pm 7.36 \pm 2.21$, respectively. A score of seven points was selected as the cut-off point. We examined the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of the questionnaire to the results of 67%, 59% and 62%, respectively.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the level of friendship perceived by hospital staffs in korean medicine hospitals in Gwangju and relationship between friendship and organizational effectiveness. Method : The subject were 134 hospital staffs in 5 different hospitals in Gwangju. The questionnaire used in this study contained 44 questions about workplace friendship (15 questions), organizational effectiveness (16 questions), social demographic characteristics (8 questions) and others (5 questions). Results : Young woman in their 20s and 30s were major participants (69person, 52.7%), nursing and administrative department(72person, 55%) were dominant division, the person those who have less than 1 year current workplace career(69person, 52.7%) were major group in this study. Participants responded about barriers of friendship at workplace were lack of opportunities for formal or informal meeting and lack of hospital's interest and supporting about human relations among employees at workplace. Both friendship level with superior and friendship level with subordinate were lower than friendship level with colleague. (p=.000) Participants who have higher workplace friendship level, were also higher level at job satisfaction, organizational commitment and lower level at turnover intention, job stress. Especially friendship level with superior had biggest relationship with variables of organizational effectiveness. Conclusion : Participants showed close relationship with friendship degree and organizational effectiveness. We suggest that the CEOs of korean medicine hospital would make their effort to improve friendship level of workers for the rise of organizational effectiveness.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.572-584
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• 2016

본 연구는 인간의 주관성을 탐구할 수 있는 Q 방법론을 이용하여 여자간호사가 인식하는 남자간호사의 유형과 특성을 확인하고자 수행하였다. 35명의 P 표본에게 35개의 Q 표본을 9점 척도 상에 정규 분포의 형태로 분류하게 하였다. 수집된 자료는 PC-QUANL 프로그램으로 처리하였다. 연구결과, 남자간호사에 대한 인식은 3개의 유형으로 확인되었으며, 제1유형은 '발전 지향적 옹호형', 제2유형은 '현실적 비판형', 제3유형은 '보수주의적 수용형'으로 분류되었다. 각 유형 간 공통된 견해는 '남자간호사는 여성 집단의 고유한 특성으로 인해 스트레스를 받는다'로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 세 가지 유형에 근거한 중재 프로그램을 개발하여 남자간호사에 대한 여자간호사의 인식을 향상시키는 데 기여할 것이다.