• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose was to test the effects of self-hand massage with aroma oil on daily cigarette use, smoking craving, and depression of female high school student smokers who are attempting to quit smoking. Method: A convenience sampling of a non-equivalent control group time series was used. Female high school student smokers were assigned either to smoking cessation lecture only or to an intervention that involved a smoking cessation lecture and self -hand massage with aroma oil for 4 weeks. Lavender, Peppermint, and Bergamotte essence oils were used for massage. Result: There was a significant change in daily cigarette use and depression between the groups at three different times. Conclusion: It is promising that self-hand massage with aroma oil can be an effective adjunctive to decrease daily cigarette use and depression of female high school student smokers who are attempting to quit smoking.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.495-503
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• 1993

To investigate the characteristics of growth and oil production of peppermint cells during a batch culture, cells derived from peppermint callus was cultivated in an air bubble reactor. During the batch culture, effects of inoculum size, abiotic stress, yeast elicitor, and two stage culture on the cell growth, the productivity of oleolesin, and the formation of flavor components were determined and also the sugar concentrations and kinetics of cell growth were analyzed. Among the various sizes of inoculum, the culture with 2.0% packed cell volume inoculum showed the optimum condition for cell growth in the proposed bioreactor, and the cell yield and essential oil production reached to 5.7g/1 and 0.109g/1, respectively. When the abiotic stress of daily 8hr dark and $10^{\circ}C$ cold treatments were given to the culture cell growth decreased but essential oil production increased to 0.546g/l. In a modified Lin-Staba medium in which 100mg/l yeast extract as an elicitor was added to the culture, the cell growth and oil production increased, and menthol content was 22.5% of oil. In the two stage culture, in which the basic culture conditions of 27$^{\circ}C$, light, and without elicitor were employed during the first six days followed by the second stage with daily 8hr treatment of cold and dark condition, and also with yeast extract as an elicitor, cell growth decreased after eight days, essential oil production was not increased, and menthol was not detected. Dry cell yield was 0.38g dry cell/g sugar and specific growth rate was 0.25 day-1. The major terpenoid in the oil was not the menthol but pulegone and piperitone, precursors of menthol were accumulated. However, when yeast elicitor was added, menthol was produced to the level of 22.5% which was the highest value in the peppermint cell culture reported so far.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2013

The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), damages various cultivated crops and it can also be a serious pest of turfgrass, especially on golf courses. Essential oils have potential as alternative control agents for insect pests. Sixteen essential oils (anise, camphor, cinnamon, citronella, clove, fennel, geranium, lavender, lemongrass, linseed, neem, peppermint, pine, thyme, turpentine and tea saponin) and paraffin oil were assessed in the laboratory, the green house and field trials for their efficacy against black cutworms in turf. Treatment of potted cores of perennial ryegrass turf with anise, cinnamon, neem, paraffin or turpentine reduced black cutworm damage in a greenhouse trial, and in a similar trial, applying neem oil at 4000, 2000 and 1000 ppm resulted in 100, 100 and 64% mortality, respectively, of black cutworms. Weight of survivors at the 1000 ppm rate was 5- fold less than weight of comparably-aged controls. Neem oil (2000 ppm) reduced growth of black cutworms feeding on treated clippings. A high rate of neem oil followed by irrigation (0.1 L of 20000 ppm neem oil with 0.9 L watering/$m^2$) was more effective than a lower concentration (1 L of 2000 ppm neem oil/$m^2$) against $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ instars in potted turf cores and field plots, respectively. However, not even the aforementioned higher rate effectively controlled $4^{th}$ instars in the field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.44-47
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 향이 인간에 미치는 영향을 EEG의 시계열 분석을 통해 알아보았다. 피험자는 20대 초반의 후각자애가 없는 30명(남녀 각각 15명)을 대상으로 하여, 국제 기준 전극법을 사용하여 Fz과 Cz에서 뇌파를 기록하였다. 100%의 Rose oil Bulgarian, Lemon oil Mistitano, Jasmine abs, Lavender oil France, Peppermint oil을 실험 시약으로 사용하였다. 각 향 자극에 대하여 1분 동안의 측정을 10초 간격으로 구분하여 $\alpha/(\alpha+\beta)$ 비와 $\beta/(\alpha+\beta)$ 대역의 비를 비교 분석하였다. 30초까지는 안정과 향 자극간의 차이가 증대되는 성향을 보였으나 50초부터는 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 향간의 차이가 자극제시 후 30초 일 때 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다고 이 시간을 기준으로 각 향의 선호도를 분석하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 1990

To investigate the effect of spice oils on the nitrite role in processed meat products, eight spice oils, ascorbic acid, and nitrite at different combinations were added to marcerated pork, and cooked at $70^{\circ}C$ lot 30min or $121^{\circ}C$ for 15min. The cooked sample were stored at $5.5^{\circ}C$ for 12days and pH, residual nitrite, redness, TBA value, and antimicrobial activity were analyzed. pH of the uncooked samples were stable at $5.6{\sim}5.8$ except in samples with nitrite alone, anise, ascorbic acid, and black pepper in which pH increased to $6.7{\sim}7.8$ after 5 days of storage. The pH of the cooked samples were stable at $5.9{\sim}6.1$ during the storage. Residual nitrite decreased rapidly on the first day of storage in each model. Residual nitrite decreased rapidly on the first day of storage in each model. The nitrite reducing effect was greatest in sample with ascorbic acid, followed by clove eugenol and thyme, but was small with peppermint. The redness of the sample was increased with ascorbic acid, colve, eugenol, thyme, anise, black pepper, coriander and rosemary except peppermint, specially samples with ascorbic acid, clove and eugenol were prominent. The TBA values of the samples with cloves, eugenol and ascorbic acid, stored after nine days, were $4{\sim}6.5$ lower than that of nitrite added sample and indicated strong antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity determined by inhibition zone, was strong in samples with clove, eugenol, peppermint, thyme, coriander, black pepper, rosemary and anise had antimicrobial activity to the Penicillium sp. Specially with clove, eugenol, peppermint and thyme, while all the samples showed $7{\sim}10mm$ inhibition zone to the Salmonella sp. The above results suggest that addition of eugenol, clove and thyme oil to the processed meat may increased the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, and redness of the product so that could provide a way of reducing nitrite addition into meat products.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.770-774
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• 2005

This study investigated the stimulative or sedative effects of inhaling fragrant essential oils (EOs) by using a forced swimming test (FST) with mice. This behavioral test is commonly used to measure the effects of antidepressant drugs. The inhalation by mice of EOs, such as ginger oil (p<0.05), thyme oil (p<0.05), peppermint oil (p<0.05), and cypress oil (p<0.01) resulted in 5% to 22% reduction of immobility. The same results were achieved when over-agitation was artificially induced in the mice by an intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (a psycho-stimulant). In contrast, inhalation of some EOs by the mice resulted in increased immobility. To evaluate more correctly the sedative effects of EOs, the immobility of over-agitated mice induced with caffeine was ascertained after the inhalation of various EOs. Inhalation of lavender oil (p<0.01) and hyssop oil (p<0.01) increased the immobile state in mice that were treated with caffeine. The results of this study indicate that the inhalation of essential oils may induce stimulative or sedative effects in mice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.473-481
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of oral care with essential oil in improving the oral health status of hospice patients with terminal cancer. Methods: The participants were 43 patients with terminal cancer admitted to K hospital in G city, Korea. Twenty-two patients were assigned to the experimental group and 21 to the control group. Participants in the experimental group received special mouth care with essential oil (application of essential oil mixture consisting of geranium, lavender, tea tree, and peppermint). The control group received special mouth care with 0.9% saline. The special mouth care was performed twice daily for one week in both groups. The scores for subjective oral comfortness, objective oral state, and numbers of colonizing Candida albicans were measured before and after the treatment. Results: The score for subjective oral comfortness and objective oral state were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. The numbers of colonizing Candida albicans significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Oral care with essential oil could be an effective oral health nursing intervention for hospice patients with terminal cancer.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48
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• pp.41-48
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• 2003

The number of natural products obtained from plants has now reached over 100,000 and new chemical compounds are being discovered ever year. Medicinal and Aromatic plants and their extracts have been used for centuries to relieve pain, aid healing, kill bacteria and insects are important as the antifungal and anti-herbivore agents with further compounds being involved in the symbiotic associations. Although their functions in plants have not been fully established, it is Known that some substances have growth regulatory properties while others are involved in pollination and seed dispersal. The complex nature of these chemicals are usually produced in various types of secretory structures which is an important character of a plant family and also influenced and controlled by genetic and ecological factors. Detailed anatomical description of these structures ave relevant to the market value of the plants, the verification of authenticity of a given species and for the detection of substitution or adulteration. Volatile oils are used for their therapeutic action for flavoring of lemon, in perfumery of rose or as starting materials for the synthesis of other compounds of turpentine. For therapeutic purposes they are administered as inhalations of eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, as gargles and mouthwashes of thymol and transdermally many essential oils including those of lavender, etc. With these current trend for using volatile components in essential oil will be increasing in the future in Korea and in the world as well.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial, antiperspirant and deodorant effect of herb mixtures including Schisandra chinensis(SC). This herb mixtures including Schisandra chinensis was made of Astragalus membranaceus(AM), Triticum aestivum(TA), Atractylodes japonica(AJ) and peppermint essential oil extracted from Mentha piperita(MP). We examined antimicrobial activity, antiperspirant activity and L-leucine dehydrogenase activity of the herbal extracts. We found that the mixture of SC and MP have the best antimicrobial effects on B. subtilis subsp. spizizenii and mixture of SC, AJ, AM and TA have best antiperspirant effect. Moreover, the combination of SC and AM showed the most inhibitory effect on L-leucine dehydrogenase activity. These results suggested that the herb mixtures Including Schisandra chinensis have good antimicrobial and antiperspirant effects.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2006

Fumigant toxicity of 34 plant essential oils were tested against female adults of Culex pipiens pallens. Seven oils (basil, coriander, fennel, pennyroyal, peppermint, thyme red, thyme white) showed more than 60% mortality at 1 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air concentration and pennyroyal oil appeared to have the highest adulticidal activity. GC and GC-MS analysis of the seven essential oils and bioassay of their components revealed that pulegone (a major component of pennyroyal oil) and anethole (a major component of fennel and basil oil, $LD_{50}$, ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air =0.49) showed higher adulticidal activities than others. In addition to the above two components, linalool ($LT_{50}$, min=0.91), camphor ($LT_{50}$, min=1.06), fenchone ($LT_{50}$, min=1.16), 1,8-cineole ($LT_{50}$, min=2.93), and geranyl acetate ($LT_{50}$, min=1.60) also showed higher adulticidal activity than empenthrin ($LT_{50}$, min=3.45).