• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.186-189
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• 2011

In recent years the immunocompromised population has increased rapidly to include people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), drug abusers, and transplant patients. Accordingly, the incidence of intracranial fungal infection has increased. Our institution experienced 2 cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion due to invasion of the cavernous sinus by an intracranial fungal infection. The first case was a 60-year-old man who presented with headache, eye pain, conjunctival injection, right-sided diplopia, and blurred vision. Infected tissues within the frontal and ethmoid sinuses were removed via bifrontal craniotomy and endoscopic sinus surgery through the Caldwell Luc approach. The second case was a 63-year-old woman who developed right-sided facial pain after a tooth extraction. The infection was not controlled despite continuous use of antifungal agents, resulting in death from sepsis. We believe that when intracranial fungal infection is suspected in a patient with orbital symptoms and a focal neurologic deficit, immediate angiographic investigation of possible ICA occlusion is warranted. Aggressive treatment with antifungal agents is the only way to improve prognosis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2006

본 논문은 치아의 전치교합(anterior occlusion)과 후치교합(posterior occlusion) 상태에서 획득된 치아 영상에 대하여 BMME와 LDA에 기반한 개인 인식 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 전치교합과 후치교합 상태의 치아 영상에서 치아 영역 추출, BMME, 패턴 인식 과정으로 구성된다. 이들 두 치아교합은 영상에서 일관된 자세의 치아 영상을 얻을 수 있도록 하며, BMME는 패턴 인식 과정에서 정합 오차를 줄이도록 해 준다. 치아는 딱딱하므로 치아영상을 사용하면 영상 획득 시 변형되지 않기 때문에 유용하다. 제안된 방법은 20명을 대상으로 개인 인증을 위한 치아인식 실험에서 성공적이었으며, 멀티 모달(multi-modal) 인증 시스템에 기여할 수 있음을 보였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2543-2546
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• 2015

Purpose: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is a form of palliative care for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. We here compared the infection incidence between internal-external and external drainage for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. Methods: Patients with malignant obstructive jaundice without infection before surgery receiving internal-external or external drainage from January 2008 to July 2014 were recruited. According to percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), if the guide wire could pass through the occlusion and enter the duodenum, we recommended internal-external drainage, and external drainage biliary drainage was set up if the occlusion was not crossed. All patients with infection after procedure received a cultivation of blood and a bile bacteriological test. Results: Among 110 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice, 22 (52.4%) were diagnosed with infection after the procedure in the internal-external drainage group, whereas 19 (27.9%) patients were so affected in the external drainage group, the difference being significant (p<0.05). In 8 patients (36.3%) in the internal-external group infection was controlled, as compared to 12 (63.1%) in the external group (p< 0.05). The mortality rate for patients with infection not controlled in internal-external group in one month was 42.8%, while this rate in external group was 28.6% (p< 0.05). Conclusion: External drainage is a good choice, which could significantly reduce the chance of biliary infection caused by bacteria, and decrease the mortality rate at one month and improve the long-term prognosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9391-9394
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of internal-external percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (IEPTBD) for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. Methods: During the period of January 2008 and July 2013, internal-external drainage was performed in 42 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. During the procedure, if the guide wire could pass through the occlusion and into the duodenum, IEPTBD was performed. External drainage biliary catheter was placed if the occlusion was not crossed. Newly onset of infection, degree of bilirubin decrease and the survival time of patients were selected as parameters to evaluate the effect of IEPTBD. Results: Twenty newly onset of infection were recorded after procedure and new infectious rate was 47.6%. Sixteen patients with infection (3 before, 13 after drainage) were uncontrolled after procedure, 12 of them (3 before, 9 after drainage) died within 1 month. The mean TBIL levels declined from 299.53 umol/L before drainage to 257.62 umol/L after drainage, while uninfected group decline from 274.86 umol/L to 132.34 umol/Lp (P < 0.5). The median survival time for uninfected group was 107 days, and for infection group was 43 days (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The IEPTBD drainage may increase the chance of biliary infection, reduce bile drainage efficiency and decrease the long-term prognosis, and the external drainage is a better choice for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice need to biliary drainage.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2018

3차원 공간정보 구축을 위해 건물 텍스처를 촬영하는 과정에서 폐색영역 문제가 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위해선 폐색영역을 자동 인식하여 이를 검출하고 텍스처를 자동 보완하는 자동화 기법 연구가 필요하다. 현실적으로 매우 다양한 구조물 형상과 폐색을 발생시키는 경우가 있으므로 이를 극복하는 대안들이 고려되고 있다. 본 연구는 최근 대두되고 있는 딥러닝 기반의 알고리즘을 이용하여 폐색지역 패턴화하고, 학습기반 폐색영역 자동 검출하는 접근을 시도한다. 영상 내 객체 추출에서 우수한 성과를 발표하는 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) 기법의 향상된 알고리즘인 Faster Region-based Convolutional Network (R-CNN)과 Mask R-CNN 2가지를 이용하여, 건물 벽면 촬영 시 폐색을 유발하는 사람, 현수막, 차량, 신호등에 대한 자동 탐지하는 성능을 알아보기 위해 실험하고, Mask R-CNN의 미리 학습된 모델에 현수막을 학습시켜 자동탐지하는 실험을 통해 적용이 높은 결과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2007년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.630-635
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a system for multiple people tracking using fragment based histogram matching. Appearance model is based on IHLS color histogram which can be calculated efficiently using integral histogram representation. Since histograms will loss all spatial information, we define a fragment based region representation which retain spatial information, robust against occlusion and scale issue by using disparity information. Multiple people labeling is maintained by creating online appearance representation for each people detected in scene and calculating fragment vote map. Initialization is performed automatically from background segmentation step.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.239-252
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• 2024

Dexmedetomidine displays multiple mechanisms of neuroprotection in ameliorating ischemic brain injury. In this study, we explored the beneficial effects of dexmedetomidine on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 24 h to establish a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine (9 ㎍/kg) was administered to rats 30 min after MCAO through intravenous injection, and SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor, 200 ㎍/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before MCAO. Brain damages were evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl staining, and brain water content assessment. BBB permeability was examined by Evans blue staining. Expression levels of claudin-5, zonula occludens-1, occludin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as well as M1/M2 phenotypes-associated markers were assessed using immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and gelatin zymography. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine inflammatory cytokine levels. We found that dexmedetomidine or SB203580 attenuated infarct volume, brain edema, BBB permeability, and neuroinflammation, and promoted M2 microglial polarization after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Increased MMP-9 activity by ischemia/reperfusion injury was inhibited by dexmedetomidine or SB203580. Dexmedetomidine inhibited the activation of the ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK pathways. Moreover, activation of JNK or p38 MAPK reversed the protective effects of dexmedetomidine against ischemic brain injury. Overall, dexmedetomidine ameliorated brain injury by alleviating BBB permeability and promoting M2 polarization in experimental cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model by inhibiting the activation of JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2012

Objective: Coenzyme (CoQ10) is an enzymatic co factor used in normal cellular metabolism. Recent evidence shows that in people with heart disease it can reverse endothelial cell damage in the blood vessels. It is also a potent antioxidant. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: In the present study, endothelial function was evaluated using the response to occlusion and heat before and 2 weeks after administration of CoQ10, 300 mg/day. Thirty Eight subjects, who are physical therapy students, participated in a series of experiments to see if taking 300 mg of CoQ10 daily for 2 weeks would impact resting blood flow in the forearm skin and the blood flow response to 4 minutes of vascular occlusion and the response to local heat ($42^{\circ}C$) for 6 minutes. Results: The results showed that, for this population, there was no difference in the response to heat. However, the response to occlusion was improved after administration of CoQ10. Conclusions: It would appear that in a young population CoQ10 has no effect on the nitric oxide vasodilator pathway in skin but does influence other vasodilator pathways.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2796-2798
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• 2005

This Paper presents a method that a mobile robot can track persons in complex environment using particle filters. The topic of person following using mobile robot is researched in many different areas. The main problems of following a person are real time constraint, motion change of person during the tracking and occlusion with other objects. We present appearance adaptive models in a particle filter to realize robust visual tracking algorithm. Adaptive appearance model can handle occlusion with other people while target is moving.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2016

영상에서 의미 있는 특징점(feature point)의 추출은 제안하는 기법의 성능과 직결되는 문제이다. 특히 나무나 사람 등에서의 가려짐 영역(occlusion region), 하늘과 산 등 객체가 아닌 배경에서 추출되는 특징점들은 의미없는 특징점으로 분류되어 정합과 인식 기법의 성능을 저하시키는 원인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 한 장 이상의 멀티 프레임을 이용하여 건물 인식에 필요한 특징점을 분류하여 인식과 정합단계에서 기존의 일반적인 건물 인식 기법의 성능을 향상시키기 위한 새로운 기법을 제안한다. 먼저 SIFT(scale invariant feature transform)를 통해 일차적으로 특징점을 추출한 후 잘못 정합 된 특징점은 제거한다. 가려짐 영역에서의 특징점 분류를 위해서는 RANSAC(random sample consensus)을 적용한다. 분류된 특징점들은 정합 기법을 통해 구하였기 때문에 하나의 특징점은 여러 개의 디스크립터가 존재하고 따라서 이를 통합하는 과정도 제안한다. 실험을 통해 제안하는 기법의 성능이 우수하다는 것을 보였다.