• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.499-501
• /
• 2000

Paraphilmosis, is a condition in which the extruded penis cannot be withdrawn back into the preputial cavity. In this study, the 2 dogs that showed prolonged erection. exposed penis from the sheath and hair surrounding the prepural orifice for several days, were ana1ysis of blood and urine ard carried out surgical treatment. In urinalysis, there were struvites, spermuria and bactera (streptococci) in urine. Firstly, these dogs were treated with non-surgical method, however severe necrosis of the Penis was developed form prolonged exposure and vascular compromise. Finally, partial penile amputation and preputial lengthening were performed and resulted in successful treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 1993

A cladistic analysis for phylogenetic relationship among 3 freshwater planorbid snail species was carried out on the basis of their conchological and anatomical characteristics.The intestinal loop in the digestive systims was mainly distinguishable among 3 species of the planorbid snails. The loops in Hippeutis cantori and Segmentina hemisphaerula coiled around stomach, extended down to the distal part of the liver and finally connected with the anus, while the loop in Gyraulus convexiusculus was short and small, and connected directly to the anus after coiling around the stomach. However, the intestinal loop of Hippeutis cantori was the largest among those of 3 target snail species. In the main morpholohical differences of the riproductive systems, Gyraulus convexiusculus uniquely had a calcareous stylet in the penis sheath. Although there was no stylet in the penis sheath in the other snail species, the penis shesths connected with 1 and 2 flagella in Segmentina hemisphaerula and in Hippeutis cantori, respectively were different from each other. Two planorbid species, Hippeutis cantori and Segmintina hemisphaerula have a more recent phylogenetic ancestor out three species employed including Gyraulus convexiusculus.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.240-243
• /
• 2023

The genus and species, Diekeana insignis(Gorham), is reported for the first time in Korea. Male adults were collected from Geoje Island and Changwon-si, located in the southern part of South Korea. The species of D. insignis(Gorham) is characterized by the following morphological characteristics: body length about 9.4mm; pronotum with transverse black marking in the middle part; each elytron with seven large black markings; penis long, slightly bent at apical part, truncate at apex; parameres narrow and as long as penis guide; penis guide narrow and pointed at apex. We herein provide habitus photographs, illustrations of morphological characters, male genitalia, and a detailed diagnosis. A partial sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene was obtained and provided mtDNA information for this species.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.293-295
• /
• 2009

Two postmortem male and female reticulated giraffes were examined. The adult male giraffe showed sigmoid flexure of penis similar to most ungulates. Epididymis was well-developed and divided with head, body and tail parts. On the tip of penis, there was a urethral process. At the necropsy of a 20-month-old and nulliparous giraffe, ovaries, oviducts, two uterine horns with a septum and a cervix were distinctively shown. Understanding reproductive organs of giraffes would be beneficial to succeed in artificial breeding on this species especially in the difficult situation of importing hoofed animals.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 1989

In order to compare the nocturnal penile erection and the erection induced by intracavernosal injection of papaverine, digital palpation of penis, erectile angle, and the rigigram using $Rigiscan^{(R)}$ were evaluated in 38 erectile dysfunction patients(13 psychogenic, 18 vasculogenic, 1 neurogenic, 3 vasculo-neurcgenic, and 3 undetermined). The following results were obtained. 1. Among the 32 patients of the nocturnal penile erection > 40% on rigigram, only 15 patients(46.9 %) demonstrated rigidity > 4+, a sufficient rigidity for sexual intercourse, on papaverine test. 2. The maximal degree of rigidity was also measured by the erectile angle of the penis. Among the 32 patients of nocturnal penile erection > 40% on rigigram, 23 patients(71.9%) had an angle > $45^{\circ}$. 3. Sixteen patients(42.1%) demonstrated similar increase in the maximal circumferential expansion of the distal portion of the penis on nocturnal penile erection and papaverine-induced erection. Nineteen patients showed larger circumferential expansion on nocturnal penile erection than on papaverine-induced erection. Fifteen patients showed similar circumferential increase of the basal portion of the penis on nocturnal penile erection and artificial erection, while 12 patients(31.6 %) showed larger circumferential increase on artificial erection than on nocturnal penile erection. 4. In the 15 patients of nocturnal penile erection > 40 % on rigigram and > 4+ on papaverine test, the duration of maintenance of the maximum erection on nocturnal penile erection and artificial erection proved to be not proportional. Thus, the arthficial erection induced by papaverine and the nocturnal penile erection can not to be said to be of same in nature and therefore, in order to make more definite diagnosis, both tests should be done and compared.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.51-53
• /
• 2014

An 10-day-old, male Jindo puppy was presented with anuria. This puppy was diagnosed as agenesis of prepuce and preputial orifice. To treat anuria exploratory operation was performed and the penis was found in situ under the skin. The penis was protruded outside of the skin. Because of strangulation and dryness of the penis by growing up, the artificial prepuce was made by making the subcutaneous tunnel. After that this puppy showed normal urination and had no complication. In case of the agenesis of the prepuce with the penis in situ, artificial prepuce by subcutaneous tunnel would be an alternative choice for saving the puppy.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.146-152
• /
• 2002

As the defects of the penis caused by trauma, surgical amputation, or congenital abnormality give the patients both psychological trauma and functional impairment, reconstruction of the penis is mandatory. Radial forearm free flap is reliable one-stage procedure, which can reconstruct both the phallus and the urethra. Chang and Whang's adaptation of the "tube-in-a-tube" concept and its incorporation into a free flap design represented a major advance in microsurgical phallic construction. Biemer described a modification of the radial forearm flap design in which the neourethra was centered over the radial artery, but the phallic shaft was separated into two paraurethral swatches. The authors have performed one-stage penile reconstruction in two patients since 1998, using a radial forearm free flap. Our present design incorporates the original Biemer triple skin island and includes a fourth distal island for neoglans. One case was the amputation of the penis from felonious assault and the other case was the iatrogenic penile amputation from repetitive urologic surgery for congenital hypospadia. All patients showed aesthetically acceptable results and good tactile sensory recovery. Severe complications such as necrosis, fistula, or urethral stricture were not occurred. Biemer's method modified by the authors is reliable one-stage penile reconstruction providing good aesthetic and functional results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.7 no.2 s.14
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this paper is on identifying spatial structure of Palwang and Taechon village and dealing with restoration direction of village spatial structure and village groves. The results are as follows. It was identified that the standing stone for penis form is not standing stone for praying son but complementing that for enforcing enclosed function of enclosing village groves. It was considered that village entrance and entrance road, village grove of Taechon village must be restored for being identified as standing stone of penis form of spatial structure of village. It was considered that the above is essential to connect with ecotourism of Sunchang-gun region. It was identified that Palwang village grove is very good in conservation state, but Taechon village grove has been destructed mostly by various development. It was identified that Palwang village grove is high in species diversity and in scare value as mixed forest, landscape value. The dominent tree of Palwang village was Pinus densiflora and that of Taechon was Salix glandulosa. Salix glandulosa was used pavilion tree, main tree in both village. It was identified that Carpinus tschonoskii is showing the most rapid growth in tree height and Salix glandulosa is showing the most rapid growth in tree breadth diameter of all kind of tree. It was considered that Pinus densiflora was planted first of all and deciduous trees were complemented later. It was considered that simple forest of Pinus densiflora has been changed into mixed forest by artificial affect in the long term. It was considered that Salix glandulosa in Palwang village grove must be indicated as legal protection tree according to present criteria of protection tree selection in Korea. And it is considered desirable that standing stone of penis form and village grove in Palwang village must be indicated unitedly as cultural conservation element.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2001

Penile amputation results primarily from attempts at self-emasculation in the psychotic individual or from felonious assault. Because of the complex nature of patients whom perform self-emasculation and low incidence of felonious assault, large series of these individuals do not exist, and experience with amputation injuries of the genitals is confined to individual case reports. Fortunately, complete amputation of penis is quite rare but potentially devastating occurrence. The repels of the treatment of penile amputation by coporal reapproximation that have been published since 1977 indicate that microreplantation techniques are propably superior to the technically simpler nonmicroscopic coporal reapproximation techniques. As microsurgical techniques have been demonstrated to superior, the preferred method of replantation involves this routine whenever possible. We have experience of a case of successful replantation of completely amputated penis by using microneurovascular repair, with the good result of cosmetic and functional concern. Herein, we report this case with the review of the literatures.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.335-340
• /
• 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the initial detection time and development of the fetal genital structures using ultrasound in twelve pregnant small bitches. The initial detection time of the fetal genital structures was as follows: genital tubercle at days 32.6; os penis at days 45.2; labia at days 45.7; scrotum at days 47.5. Ultrasonograms of fetal genital structure according to gestational stage were as follows: Undifferentiated stage (before day 35), the genital tubercle was observed to have a small elevation and just a hyper-echogenic structure in the midline between the umbilical cord and the tail in male and female fetus. Migration stage (between day 35~45), the genital tubercle was observed as a hyper-echogenic, bilobular, oval shaped and the genital tubercle began to migrate from the initial position toward the umbilical cord in males, and toward the tail in females. Differentiated stage (after day 46), the penis and os penis were observed to stand out in the abdominal wall and the scrotum was observed toward the perineal region in male fetuses. The labia was detected at the base of the tail in female fetuses. These results indicate that ultrasound of fetal genital structures could be useful for fetal gender determination and a completely prepartum evaluation of the canine fetus.