• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1997

This study was performed to evaluate basic characteristics of electron beam welding process for a 9% Ni steel plate. The principal welding process parameters, such as working distance, accelerating voltage, beam current and welding speed were investigated. The AB (Arata Beam) test method was also applied to characterize beam size and energy density of the electron beam welding process. The electron beam size was found to decrease with the increase of accelerating voltage and the decrease of working distance. So, in case of high voltage (150kV), spot size and energy density of electron beam were revealed to be 0.9mm and $6.5\times10^5W/\textrm{cm}^2$ respectively. The accelerating voltage among the welding parameters was found to be the most important factor governing the penetration depth. When the accelerating voltage of electron beam was low ($\leq$90kV), beam current and welding speed did not affect on the penetration depth significantly. However, in case of high voltage ($\geq$120kV), the depth of penetration increased very sensitively with the increase of beam current and the decrease of welding speed.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.274-279
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• 2004

Currently, carbon-fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) are widely used in both space and civil aircraft due to their superior stiffness and strength to weight ratios compared to conventional metallic materials. This paper is to study the effects of curvature and stacking sequence on the penetration characteristics of composite laminated shell. And were performed to investigate the penetration characteristics of composite laminated shells by the oblique impact. They are stacked to [0$_3$/90$_3$]s, [90$_3$/0$_3$]s and [0$_2$/90$_3$/0]s, [90$_2$/0$_3$/90]s their interlaminar number two and fore. They are manufactured to varied curvature radius (R=100, 150, 200mm and $\infty$). When the specimen is subjected to transverse impact by a steel ball, the velocity of the steel ball was measured both before and after impact by determining the time for it to pass two ballistics-screen sensor located a known distance apart. In general, the critical penetration energy interface decrease and slope angle on the impact surface increased. [0$_3$/90$_3$]s and [0$_2$/90$_3$]s specimens higher than [90$_3$/0$_3$]s and [90$_2$/0$_3$/90]s specimens.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2011

Optimum engine performance is obtained when the spray characteristics is well matched to the geometry of a combustion chamber. Among many parameters governing the combustion performance in internal combustion engine, fuel supply characteristics and atomization are important performance factors. Therefore, spray characteristics of high pressure multi-hole injector has been studied experimentally. An experimental test system has been made to operate high pressure injection system and to visualize spray behavior. Spray visualization has been performed to analyze spray formation, spray cone angle, bent angle and penetration length. Spray interaction with piston has been analyzed with various injector installation angle, injection pressure and ambient pressure. Test results show that penetration length is greatly influenced by the injection pressure. Penetration length is decreased as ambient pressure increased. Spray cone angle is increased as injection pressure and ambient pressure increased. However, bent angle is not influenced by the change of injection pressure and ambient pressure. Spray cone angle distribution map is plotted using the experimental data. Fuel movement around the spark-plug has been enforced as increasing injector installation angle.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to compare and to investigate spray characteristics of dimethyl ether (DME) and diesel fuel in the various injection pressures, ambient pressures, and the energizing durations. For the analysis of the spray characteristics, the spray visualization system including the high speed camera and the spray image analyzer is installed. The spray characteristics such as the spray development process, spray tip penetraion and the spray cone angle are analyzed from the spray images. It was revealed that the spray characteristics of DME and diesel fuels are mainly affected by the injection conditions. However, in the region after the end of the injection, the spray tip penetration was affected by the fuel properties such as the fuel density, the surface tension, and the viscosity. DME fuel has generally a short tip penetration and a wide cone angle. In the elevating conditions of the ambient gas pressure, the spray cone angle of DME fuel converged to high value when comparing diesel fuel in advance. Also, the increasing rate of the spray tip penetration in DME fuel is significantly decreased from 0.7 ms of the energizing duration (diesel : 0.9 ms).

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.767-773
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 무한 도체 평판의 슬릿 부근에 도체판을 부가하여 슬릿으로 침투하는 전자파의 저감 특성을 검토하였다. 이론 해석에는 FDTD 법을 사용하였으며, 부가 도체판의 형상 및 길이, 간격, 두께의 변화에 따른 침투 전계의 특성을 계산하여 부가 도체판의 구조 변화가 침투 전자파의 저감 특성 및 차폐 효과 특성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 부가 도체판의 구조 변화에 따라 차폐 효과, 침투 전계의 특성이 변화하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었고, 침투 전계를 최소로 하는 부가 도체판의 최적 구조가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1094-1099
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 무한 도체 평판의 슬롯 부근에 도체판을 부가하여 슬롯으로 침투하는 전자파의 저감 특성을 검토하였다. 이론 해석에는 FDTD법을 사용하였으며, 부가 도체판의 길이, 폭, 위치 및 간격의 변화에 따른 침투 전계의 특성을 계산하여 부가 도체판의 구조 변화가 침투 전자파의 저감 특성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 부가 도체판의 구조 변화에 따라 침투 전계의 특성이 변화하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었고, 침투 전계를 최소로 하는 부가 도체판의 최적 구조가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

In this article, spray characteristics in CI engines fuelled with vegetable oils and its derivatives will be reviewed. Of edible vegetable oils, soybean oil and rapeseed oil were mainly investigated. Of inedible vegetable oils, jatropha oil and used frying oil were main concern on the research on the spray characteristics in CI engine. Spray angle and spray penetration were mainly examined among the macroscopic spray characteristics and Sauter mean diameter was only investigated among the microscopic spray characteristics. There exist six different definitions of spray angle which should be examined. Neat vegetable oil and biodiesel fuels show smaller spray angle than diesel fuel. Biodiesel fuel and vegetable oils and its blend have a longer spray penetration than diesel fuel. However, biodiesel blends with diesel shows the similar spray penetration with diesel fuel. SMDs in the biodiesel spray, vegetable oils and its blends spray are higher than that in the diesel spray.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 반도체 재료 센서 박막재료 전자세라믹스
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• pp.26-29
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• 2004

High density plasma fluorinated silicate glass (HDP FSG) is used as a gap fill film for metal-to-metal space because of many advantages. However, FSG films can cause critical problems such as bonding issue of top metal at package, metal contamination, metal peel-off, and so on. It is known that these problems are caused by fluorine penetration out of FSG film. To prevent it, FSG capping layers such like SRO (Silicon Rich Oxide) are needed. In this study, their characteristics and a capability to block fluorine penetration for various FSG capping layers are investigated. Normal stress and High stress due to denser film. While heat treatment to PETEOS caused lower blocking against fluorine penetration, it had insignificant effect on SiN. Compared with other layers, SRO using ARC chamber and SiN were shown a better performance to block fluorine penetration.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2000

The herbicide penetration on weed leaves was spatially analyzed by using chlorophyll fluorescent emission and machine vision technique. Velvetleaf and metribuzin were used as experimental materials in the study. The herbicide spray images were obtained by a combinaton of a fluorescent dye and a UV lighting system. The herbicide penetration was analyzed by means of detecting chlorophyll fluorescent emission under blue-green lighting. According to the experiment results, the number and the size of spray droplets decreased with coverage increasing. The herbicide penetrated mainly along leaf veins and the time for complete penetration over the whole leaf was approximately 100 minutes after herbicide spraying. When the coverage of herbicide droplets on the surface of leaves increased, the speed of herbicide penetration also increased. This study suggested a way of characerizing herbicide spatial penetration and distribution in leaves.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.262-265
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate environmental characteristics and in-situ hydraulic conductivity by eco cone penetration system. The underground environments and permeability of site was investigated and analyzed by this eco cone system. The electrical resistivity, pH, ORP, temperature and hydraulic conductivity were measured by eco cone penetration system. This eco cone penetration system provides a continuous environment and permeability profiles in underground, and provides reliable results for investigation of normal and contaminated ground.