• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.28-34
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• 2006

Laboratory column tests using $Cl^-$ tracer were conducted to study the correlation of soil particle distribution and hydrodynamic dispersion mechanism with three kinds of ununiformed soil samples, in which the ratio of gravel and sand versus silt and clay is 24.5 for S-1 soil, 4.48 for S-2 soil, and 0.4 for S-3 soil. Chloride breakthrough curves with time were fitted with gaussian functions. The relative concentrations of chloride were converged to 1.0 after 0.7 hours for S-1, 6.3 hours for S-2, and 389 hours for S-3. Average linear velocity, longitudinal dispersion coefficient, and longitudinal dispersivity were calculated by chloride breakthrough curves. Longitudinal dispersion coefficients were $1.20{\times}10^{-4}\;m^2/sec$ for S-1, $8.87{\times}10^{-7}\;m^2/sec$ for S-2, and $1.94{\times}10^{-9}\;m^2/sec$ for S-3. Peclet numbers calculated by the molecular diffusion coefficient of chloride and the mean grain diameters of soils were $2.59{\times}10^2$ for S-1, $6.27{\times}10^0$ for S-2, and $1.35{\times}10^{-4}$ for S-3. Mechanical dispersion was dominant for the hydrodynamic dispersion mechanism of S-1. Both mechanical dispersion and molecular diffusion were dominant for the hydrodynamic dispersion mechanism of S-2, but mechanical dispersion was ascendant over molecular diffusion. Hydrodynamic dispersion in S-3 was occurred mainly by molecular diffusion. When plotting three soils on the graph of $D_L/D_m$ versus Peclet number produced by Bijeljic and Blunt (2006), the values of $D_L/D_m$ for S-1 and S-2 were more than 2.0 order compared to their graph. S-3 was not plotted on their graph because the Peclet number was as small as $1.35{\times}10^{-4}$.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.204-207
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• 2008

Stochastic molecular dynamics simulation is a variation of standard molecular dynamics simulation that basically omits water molecules. The omission of water molecules, occupying a majority of space, enables flow simulation at microscale. This study reports our stochastic molecular dynamics simulation of particles diffusing in rectangular microchannels. We interestingly found that diffusion patterns in channels with a very small aspect ratio differ by dimensions. We will also discuss the future direction of our research toward a more realistic simulation of micromixing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.975-980
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• 2001

The thermal analysis of the hot roller in a dry film laminator is studied numerically by steady-state two-dimensional heat transfer. In the laminating process for PDP glass or PCB, the temperature distributions in a hot roller are presented considering the effects of the roller rotation speed and the inner and outer radii of the roller. The results show that the temperature distributions are strongly dependent on Peclet number. If Pe number becomes larger, the iso-thermal lines are more concentric about the rotating axis and the temperature difference on the hot roller surface decreases exponentially. It also shows that if the contact angle between the roller and the film becomes smaller the temperature difference becomes smaller. However, the changes of the rollers inner or outer radius have little effect on the temperature difference.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.204-207
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• 2008

Stochastic molecular dynamics simulation is a variation of standard molecular dynamics simulation that basically omits water molecules. The omission of water molecules, occupying a majority of space, enables flow simulation at microscale. This study reports our stochastic molecular dynamics simulation of particles diffusing in rectangular microchannels. We interestingly found that diffusion patterns in channels with a very small aspect ratio differ by dimensions. We will also discuss the future direction of our research toward a more realistic simulation of micromixing.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2495-2500
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• 2008

We simulated the mixing characteristics in micro T-channel using Lattice Boltzmann Method. We studied the relation a mixing length and pressure-drop due to inlet and outlet ration in Reynolds number 0.5, Peclet number 500 and Schmidt 1000. The ratio of a down-inlet to up-inlet was $0.5{\sim}1.5$ times, up-inlet to outlet was $1{\sim}3$ times and outlet length was 250 times to up-inlet. The mixing length decrease linearly as outlet ratio decreased, and pressure-drip increase non-linearly. Initial stage of micro channel mixture was fast by down-inlet ratio, however, the mixing length is not influence.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.275-281
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• 2005

In this work, Scalar Passive code in Lattice Boltzmann Method was employed to simulate mixing performance of Passive mixer in a micro-channel. It physically analyzed stream line and Pressure drop for passive mixer in a micro-channel. The flow characteristics in a micro-channel was a function of Peclet number. The results indicated that the size of static element was more effect on the mixing than the number of static element and the distance of static elements.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.10-21
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• 2015

The present study introduces a novel numerical approach for solving dispersion dominated problems with Cauchy boundary condition in an Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme. The study reveals the incapability of traditional Neuman approach to address the dispersion dominated problems with Cauchy boundary condition, even though it can produce reliable solution in the advection dominated regime. Also, the proposed numerical approach is applied to a real field problem of radioactive contaminant migration from radioactive waste repository which is a major current waste management issue. The performance of the proposed numerical approach is evaluated by comparing the results with numerical solutions of traditional FDM (Finite Difference Method), Neuman approach, and the analytical solution. The results show that the proposed numerical approach yields better and reliable solution for dispersion dominated regime, specifically for Peclet Numbers of less than 0.1. The proposed numerical approach is validated by applying to a real field problem of radioactive contaminant migration from radioactive waste repository of varying Peclet Number from 0.003 to 34.5. The numerical results of Neuman approach overestimates the concentration value with an order of 100 than the proposed approach during the assessment of radioactive contaminant transport from nuclear waste repository. The overestimation of concentration value could be due to the assumption that dispersion is negligible. Also our application problem confirms the existence of real field situation with advection dominated condition and dispersion dominated condition simultaneously as well as the significance or advantage of the proposed approach in the real field problem.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.20-26
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• 2021

Solar grade silicon (SoG-Si) has been commercially supplied mainly from off-grade high-purity silicon manufactured for electronic-grade Si (EG-Si). Therefore, for wider application of solar cells, the development of a refining process at a considerably lower cost is required. The most cost-effective and direct approach for producing SoG-Si is to purify and upgrade metallurgical-grade Si (MG-Si). In this study, directional solidification of molten MG-Si was conducted in a high-frequency induction furnace to remove iron from molten Si. The experimental conditions and results were also discussed with respect to the effective segregation coefficient, Scheil equation, and Peclet number. The study showed that when the descent velocity of the specimen decreased, the macro segregations of impurities and ingot purities increased. These results were derived from the decrease in the effective segregation coefficient with the decrease in the rate of descent of the specimen.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 1997

In many solute transport studies, either flux or resident concentration has been used. Choice of the concentration mode was dependent on the monitoring device in solute displacement experiments. It has been accepted that no priority exists in the selection of concentration mode in the study of solute transport. It would be questionable, however, to accept the equivalency in the solute transport parameters between flux and resident concentrations in structured soils exhibiting preferential movement of solute. In this study, we investigate how they differ in the monitored breakthrough curves (BTCs) and transport parameters for a given boundary and flow condition by performing solute displacement experiments on a number of undisturbed soil columns. Both flux and resident concentrations have been simultaneously obtained by monitoring the effluent and resistance of the horizontally-positioned TDR probes. Two different solute transport models namely, convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and convective lognormal transfer function (CLT) models, were fitted to the observed breakthrough data in order to quantify the difference between two concentration modes. The study reveals that soil columns having relatively high flux densities exhibited great differences in the degree of peak concentration and travel time of peak between flux and resident concentrations. The peak concentration in flux mode was several times higher than that in resident one. Accordingly, the estimated parameters of flux mode differed greatly from those of resident mode and the difference was more pronounced in CDE than CLT model. Especially in CDE model, the parameters of flux mode were much higher than those of resident mode. This was mainly due to the bypassing of solute through soil macropores and failure of the equilibrium CDE model to adequate description of solute transport in studied soils. In the domain of the relationship between the ratio of hydrodynamic dispersion to molecular diffusion and the peclet number, both concentrations fall on a zone of predominant mechanical dispersion. However, it appears that more molecular diffusion contributes to the solute spreading in the matrix region than the macropore region due to the nonliearity present in the pore water velocity and dispersion coefficient relationship.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10b
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• pp.1693-1698
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• 1991

An axial dispersion model is developed for the slim reactor employed in the LDPE autoclave process so that imperfect mixing caused by large L/D ratio (10-20) may be quantified by Peclet number. The model is then used to investigate the effect of mixing on the reactor performance represented by the monomer conversion, the reactor temperature, the molecular weight, and the polydispersity. In addition, the existence of steady state multiplicity is identified with the initiator feed concentration or the feed temperature as the bifurcation parameter. The effects of the initiator feed concentration and the feed temperature are also examined.