• 에너지공학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.131-137
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• 1998

본 연구는 회피비용의 정의 및 개념을 소개하고 계산 방법론을 제시하였으며, 사례연구를 통하여 DSM 프로그램의 의사결정에 필요한 회피발전비용을 시산하였다. 본 연구에서 적용한 회피발전비용 계산 앨고리즘인 수요감소법은 전력회사의 DSM 프로그램 도입 전후에 대하여 소요수입의 현금흐름의 비교에 바탕을 둔 것이다. 사례연구에서는 장기 회피발전비용 계산에 필요한 확률적인 운전비 시뮬레이션과 전원개발계획 최적화를 위하여 WASP-Ⅱ 전산모형을 이용하였다. 또한, 효율개선을 통해 최대전력을 감소시킬 수 이는 특정 DSM 대안을 선정하고 우리나라 '95 장기전력수급계획안에 기초하여 회피발전비용을 계산하였다. 시산 결과 DSM 자원에 대한 단위전력량당 회피발전비용은 1995년 불변가격 기준으로 31.3[원/kWh]이며, 이 가운데 회피발전고정비용은 15.0[원/kWh]이고 회피발전변동비용은 16.3[원/kWh]으로 나타났다.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2021

This paper compares the annual energy performance of four different types of air-conditioning systems in a medium-sized office building. Chiller and boiler, air-cooled VRF, ground-source VRF, and ground-source heat pump systems were selected as the systems to be compared. Specifically, the energy performance of the GSHP system and the ground-source VRF system were compared with each other and also with conventional HVAC systems including the chiller and boiler system and air-cooled VRF system. In order to evaluate and compare the energy performances of four systems for the office building, EnergyPlus, a whole-building energy simulation program, was used. The EnergyPlus simulation results show that both the GSHP and the ground-source VRF systems not only save more energy than the other two systems but also significantly reduce the electric peak demand. These make the GSHP and the VRF systems more desirable energy-efficient HVAC technologies for the utility companies and their clients. It is necessary to analyze the impact of partial load performance of ground-source heat pump and ground-source VRF on the long-term (more than 20 years) performance of ground heat exchangers and entire systems.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to verify the validation of exercise effect with loading deviation during rowing exercise. We performed evaluation of based physical fitness and joint torque before the experiment for finding muscle unbalance. So we recruited twenty four subjects who have bigger muscle strength in more 20% than average one. Subjects divided two groups. One is dominant upper limbs(DU) and the other was dominant lower limbs(DL). Subjects performed rowing exercise using electric equipment (Robo.gym.Humonic.korea). Exercise is performed four sets a day including 25 times a set, and three days a week. Measurement consist of evaluation of based physical fitness and joint torque using biodex(biodex system3.USA). Evaluation of exercise effect performed each week in joint torque of shoulder, lumbar and knee joint and each month in based physical fitness. Also we adapted 30% of 1RM for muscular endurance and 70% of 1RM for muscle strength as exercise load. The results showed that the difference of maximal peak torque were getting increase significantly during exercise. Also difference of various factor in based physical fitness were getting increase significantly except flexibility and agility. This interpreted that rowing exercise with loading deviation types could provide muscle strength and muscular endurance exercise in same time. These results could be interpret to two ways. One is effect of improving physical fitness for rowing exercise and the other meaned validation of loading deviation in rowing exercise. Our study is going to verify the validation of loading deviation during rowing and we found out that loading deviation could provide muscle strength and muscular endurance exercise for improving muscle unbalance. Our study can be used development of exercise equipment and program for normal people with muscle unbalance. Also that provide effect of whole body exercise to anybody.