• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.18
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• pp.25-52
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• 2004

The history of the mankind, that is the history of the war, have been continued with the consecutive of the struggle and confrontation. In the history of many war, the most important factor of them is just the religion. so that today, for the mankind to long for the peace, all believers are charged with very important mission. Confronting with the 21th century, yet the war is not ceasing in an earth one side. At this time if we are to investigate the problem of real peace, we need to present uprightly the direction of basic religious factor and solution. In Korea, which is keeping deep religious mind, the Daesoon thought that appears newly at the modern times is proposing the 'Haewonsangsaeng'(eliminating resentment and helping one another) as new peace idea of 21th century. In this thought, we can discover the reason of the conflict to appear in the history of mankind. And there is a new idea of peace, that is to say, which is called 'sangsaeng'(mutual aid and cooperation). In this article, centering upon Sangsaeng idea, I try to introduce the new viewpoint of Daesoon thought about the conflict and peace.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.255-263
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• 1995

Two poplar clones, I-214 (Populus euramericana) and Peace (P. Koreana × P. trichocarpa), were grown for 21 days in growth chambers at different CO₂concentrations (350, 700 and 2,000 μL·L-1). I-214 has stomata responding to environmental conditions in normal ways and Peace has unresponsive stomata to environmental factors including light, ABA, water stress and CO₂. In both plants, elevated CO₂ stmulated the growth of plant parts, especially leaf dry weight. And a CO₂ enrichment of 700 μL·L-1 CO₂ caused increment of net assimilation rate (NAR). The growth responses of these plants to CO₂ enrichment were different especially at high CO₂ condition (2,000 μL·L-1 CO₂). The total dry weight in Peace increased up to 2,000 μL·L-1 CO₂ but not in I-214. A CO₂ enrichment of 2,000 2,000 μL·L-1 CO₂ had little effect on NAR of I-214 but enhanced NAR of Peace. Although it is uncertain whether the different responses to CO₂ enrichment between I-214 and Peace resulted from the different properties of stomatal responses to long-term CO₂ treatment, the decrease in NAR is probably due in part to CO₂-induced stomatal closure in I-214 but not in Peace.

• Water for future
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 1993

Because of the Keumkangsan-Dam and the Peace-Dam constructed in recent years, it is expected that the peak flood discharge and the peak flood stage at the Hwachun-Dam site have been changed. In this study, two methods were used to simulate and compare the effects of the upstream dam construction on the change of the discharge and the stage. One is the storage function method widely used for the hydrological routing in this country. The other is the DWOPER (Dynamic Wave Operational Model) package developed by the U.S. NWS for the hydraulic routing. Flood routing simulations have been performed on four different scenarios:1) Before the construction of the Keumkangsan-Dam and the peace-Dam, 2) The exclusion of the Keumkangsan-Dam watershed (before the construction of the Peace-Dam), 3) The exclusion of the Keumkangsan-Dam watershed (after the construction of the Peace-Dam), 4) The exclusion of the Peace-Dam watershed. The results of the four test cases from the two methods show that the peak flood discharge and the peak flood stage at the Hwachun-Dam site are reduced due to the construction of the Peace-Dam. From these findings, it is suggested that the operational criteria for the optimal dam-operation of the hwachun-Dam need to be modified.

• 한국호스피스완화의료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.12a
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• pp.162-174
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• 2000

The purpose of this hermeneutic study was to investigate the meaning of "good dying" of Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan; the factors related to this morning; and the strategies cancer patients used to ensure "good dying". Indepth unstructured interviews, prolonged participant observations, and review of clinical records were selected as the methods for data collection. In the four and one-half month period of data collection, the researcher was in the role of a full time clinical nurse specialist who directly took care of the subject patients in 4 hospitals and in patients' homes. The 20 subject were selected purposively according to selection criteria and various demographic backgrounds. Interview transcripts and field notes comprised the data for analysis. The results were composed by 3 constitutive patterns and 12 themes. Achieving inner peace appeared to herald the good dying state. The "good dying" for Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan meant peace of body, peace of mind, and peace of thought. The constitutive pattern of peace of body included 4 themes: (1)minimizing the agony of physical symptoms; (2)short period of dying process without lingering death; (3) cleanliness, neatness, and integrity of the body; and (4) mobility. The constitutive pattern of peace of mind included 5 themes: (1) yielding; (2) non-attachment; (3) not to be lonely; (4) settle down all affairs; and (5) being in a preferred environment and enjoying nature. The third constitutive pattern of peace of thought included 3 themes: (1) getting through day by day without thinking; (2) meaningful life; and (3) expectation that the suffering would be ending. Through understanding of the terminally ill cancer patient' needs in their meanings of "good dying", recommendations can be made for humanistic care. The findings of this study have recommendations for care givers daily contact with dying patients and for medical and nursing education.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.311-324
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• 2017

This study has the purpose of geopolitical analysis on the role, function and problem of (trans) frontier park in Southern Africa. Frontier parks in Southern Africa had been used as a buffer zone between colonial empires and British colonial administration during the colonial period and as an interdiction zone of communism and black liberation movement during the apartheid regime, the cold war and the civil war. The ecological transfrontier peace parks in Southern Africa which is integrating the adjacent Frontier parks is utilized as a means of a conflict resolution and peace building after the end of cold war, civil war and apartheid regime, The ecological transfrontier peace parks in Southern Africa is very highly regarded as an effective means for a conflict resolution and peace building. But it is also being criticized for a reproduction of South Africa's politico-economic domination and of a socio-spatial division between racial groups.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.471-475
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• 2012

A new pot chrysanthemum cultivar 'Peace Angel' was bred by cross pollination between 'Peace Yellow' and 'Lompoc' at the Yesan Chrysanthemum Experiment Station. The cross was made in 2003 and 'Peace Angel' was finally selected in 2007 after investigating its characteristics from 2005 to 2007. It flowers in the middle of October under natural conditions in Korea climate, but year-round production is also possible by short day treatment in summer or lighting treatment in winter. Flower shape is anemone type with pink petals and a yellow green center. Flower diameter is about 5.6 cm and the number of flowers per stem is 23.0, respectively. When short day treatment is necessary for manipulation of flower formation, 7 weeks of short day treatment is enough for the production. The shelf life is 22.4 days in the autumn season.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.23
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• pp.109-152
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• 2014

This paper deals with the artistic expression of religious thought in terms of the uniqueness of different images and creativity. The relationship between religion and art is complicated but popular in modern society. Film becomes the icon of modern culture to enhance the knowledge of religious traditions. Among many Korean religious films, Kang Daejin's work, The Way of Peace (1984) contains the life and thought of Kang Jeungsan(1871-1909), the highest god of Daesoonjinrihoe. First, the film, The Way of Peace, pays attention to the legitimacy of succession from Kang Jeungsan to Cho Jeongsan(1895-1958). Korea was beset with trouble both at home and abroad. China, Japan, Russia, and the US had the colonial desire to conquer the lands of Korea and to explore natural resources. Though the people of Eastern Learning(東學) protested government and Japanese colonialists, Jeungsan applied the principle of non-violence to the world. In order to save all the living beings of the world, he reordered the universe and renewed the harmonic relationship of human beings and their spirit. Second, The Way of Peace proposed the soteriology of peace and change to audience regardless of seekers(道人) or not. Jeungsan transformed the closed society to the open society, changed divided religions to the transcendent truth(道). He empowered the marginalized people such as women, the lowly, the elderly, and the sick, who were oppressed in the Confucian society. And he redeemed the people from the disease by healing all diseases and correcting disorders. In conclusion, The Way of Peace is a good resource of religious education by which we can overcome the religious illiteracy. The knowledge of new religious movements and Daesoonjinrihoe is necessary for us to understand the diversity of human nature. In the near future, the new images of Jeungsan should be created through multi-media and cultural contents for the new generation.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.55
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• pp.57-94
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• 2018

Crisis of trust in Korean society, especially south-south conflicts among Korean political circle, civil society and peoples on the issue of the Korean peninsula policy driven by south Korean government, have weakened the sustainable and consistent energy of the policy for peace and unification of Korea peninsula. At the moment of drastic change of south-north relation in Korean peninsula, National agreement as a foundation of sustainable peace and unification policy has very important meaning. Because of this, national contract of unification as a kind of social concertation, has been demanded. National contract for peace and unification is an unprecedented process for making unofficial legal norm because it authorize quasi-legislative binding force on the agreement which is concluded by the Korean political circle, civil society and peoples for the peace and unification of Korean peninsula. National contract for peace and unification includes 'agreed aim and principles' for peace, prosperity and unification as well as process and result. And National contract for peace and unification, also is characterized long duration of aim achievement and openness of participating subjects. In terms of law, it will be legitimate source for comprehensive modification of international and internal law. In addition, The nature of National contract for peace and unification, as a people's law, should be considered as soft law which has the power to realize its contents through the enactment of legislation and policy. In order to guarantee the establishment and effectiveness of National contract for peace and unification, the setting of organization is need to determine the range of representatives, who participate in the process of contract making, procedure of contract and to carry out the contract after the conclusion of National contract for peace and unification. For the reason, the Council of National Contract for Peace and Unification as a independent administrative government committee and 'Act on National Contract for Peace and Unification' is needed.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.5-25
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• 2009

Since the end of the 1950-1953 Korean War, many scholars and policymakers have expressed concern about the possibility of another conflict on the peninsula. In certain respects, the post-1953 North-South Korea relationship resembles the Cold War that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union, 1945-1990. Although a "hot" never occurred, peace was never guaranteed. By looking at international theories (i.e., realism and liberal theory) and by utilizing casual-loop diagram analysis, the main purpose of this research is to explore on the likelihood of peace and war on the Korean peninsula. First, several factors (e.g., economic stagnation of North Korea, unstable political systems, and so on) emphasized by realism perspectives are significantly related to the likelihood of conflict between North and South Korea. Conversely, several determinants (e.g., economic assistance to North Korea, inter-dialogue between two Koreas, cultural and social exchange, and so on) emphasized by liberal approaches are significantly related to likelihood of peace on the Korean peninsula. Given the two different interpretations about the likelihood of conflict or peace, it can be argued that a second military action might occur on the Korean peninsula if realism theories are true. However, if practical factors exist on the Korean peninsula, the two Korean can optimistically expect a peaceful reunification in the future, without interference from other countries.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.40
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• pp.1-38
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• 2022

The aim of this research is to discover the value of peace conveyed by Haewon Sangsaeng, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence, as espoused by Holy Teacher Kang Jeungsan (姜甑山, 1871~1909) and to evaluate its modern significance. To the faithful, Jeungsan is seen as the Supreme God who descended into the world in the Late Joseon Dynasty in the year 1871. Until the time of His passing away into Heaven in 1909, He vastly saved the world and fulfilled the hopes of humankind by carrying out the fundamentally innovative Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth (1901~1909) in the Three Realms of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity. He has thereby been appraised as a great religious figure within religious and academic circles. Jeungsan's ideological contributions can be summarized into two main points. One is the concept of 'the Great Opening and the Later World,' which foreshadowed the liquidation of the old system of order and the arrival of a new world. The other contribution is the concept of 'the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence,' a fundamental principle meant to achieve human salvation and world peace. In this context, 'the Great Opening' is precisely a 'positivistic religious expression of peace,' and 'the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence' is the principle by which 'peace can be achieved in the world for all humankind.' In particular, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is a tenet within the doctrine of Daesoon Jinrihoe, and it is the main concept that forms the basis of Daesoon Thought. It can be said to be the core current that flows through Jeungsan's Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth. Nowadays, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is being discussed and cited in various ways in academic fields as well as in discourse on coexistence, mutual beneficence, and peace. The Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is specifically based on observations of the structure of conflicts as observed throughout world history via global conflicts, regional conflicts, cultural conflicts, ideological conflicts, class conflicts, generational conflicts, racial conflicts, religious conflicts, and other such conflicts. That is why the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence is discussed in depth within academic settings wherein the nature of conflict-resolution is examined. Looking at the previous studies on this topic, those studies tended to focus on key concepts or concerns such as human beings, divine beings, the earthly paradise of the Later World, ideal societies, world peace, new principles of order, and lasting peace. In particular, the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence has been presented as directly related to concepts such as love, coexistence, harmony, and peace for humankind and the world. Its significance has been applied to ethics, philosophy, order, and principles, and it has been understood as conveying values such as peace. Accordingly, this paper examines the ideological connections to the succession and establishment of Jeungsan's notion of the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence based on previous research, but further examines the value of peace communicated via the principles and ideas that pervade current discourse on the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence. I hope to thoroughly explore Haewon Sangsaeng in regards to its modern significance to the world and to humankind.