• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a pathogenic bacteria filtration instrument for infection prevention during mouth-to-mouth ventilation. Methods: Two kinds of face shields were used for the study. One rescuer blew the filter through a bag valve mask and the filter was then cultured for bacteria. The mask was tested both on the front and back side. Results: Two kinds of face shields including the KF shield and CM shield were tested. The KF shield has received national certification and it prevented transmission of bacterial infection but the CM shield showed the opposite result and did not prevent bacterial transmission. Pathogenic bacteria were found on the back of the CM shield. Conclusion: A certified face shield is very important to prevent bacterial transmission. Face shields should be demonstrated and used by paramedic students.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2022

We investigated the virulence genes, O-serotypes, antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic E. coli isolated from carcasses (n=455) and environmental (n=372) samples of 11 cattle and 12 pig slaughterhouses from December 2020 to December 2021. E. coli were isolated from nine carcasses (2.0%), three slaughter facilities (1.4%), two utensils (2.7%) and three abattoir workers (3.5%) from four cattle and four pig slaughterhouses. Among all isolates, 13 STEC (76.5%) were identified, followed by four EPEC (23.5%). As a result of the antibiotic susceptibility test, all isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, of which 70.6% isolates showed multidrug resistance patterns. The serotypes were diverse in pigs compared to cattle, with serotypes O18, O66, O109 in cattle and O9, O76, O85, O100, O153, and O159 in pigs. In a single cattle slaughterhouse, eight STEC O66 were isolated from various types of sample (4 slaughter animal surfaces, 3 gloves, and 1 knife) with two antimicrobial resistance patterns (CHL-FIS-STR and CHL-FIS). Those two types of strain were suspected cross-contamination from utensils to slaughter animal surfaces. These results showed that pathogenic E. coli were detected in carcasses and various environmental samples in cattle and pig slaughterhouses. Nationwide monitoring and hygiene management are required to prevent cross-contamination of STEC isolate slaughterhouses.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.279-286
• /
• 2023

Rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria is crucial for various applications, including public health and food safety. However, existing bacteria detection techniques have several drawbacks as they are inconvenient and require time-consuming procedures and complex machinery. Recently, the precision and versatility of CRISPR/Cas system has been leveraged to design biosensors that offer a more efficient and accurate approach to bacterial detection compared to the existing techniques. Significant research has been focused on developing biosensors based on the CRISPR/Cas system which has shown promise in efficiently detecting pathogenic bacteria or virus. In this review, we present a biosensor based on the CRISPR/Cas system that has been specifically developed to overcome these limitations and detect different pathogenic bacteria effectively including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes. This biosensor takes advantage of the CRISPR/Cas system's precision and versatility for more efficiently accurately detecting bacteria compared to the previous techniques. The biosensor has potential to enhance public health and ensure food safety as the biosensor's design can revolutionize method of detecting pathogenic bacteria. It provides a rapid and reliable method for identifying harmful bacteria and it can aid in early intervention and preventive measures, mitigating the risk of bacterial outbreaks and their associated consequences. Further research and development in this area will lead to development of even more advanced biosensors capable of detecting an even broader range of bacterial pathogens, thereby significantly benefiting various industries and helping in safeguard human health

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.151-152
• /
• 2002

Bacterial infection is a very complex process in which both pathogenic microorganisms and host cells play crucial roles, and it is the outcome of interactions between the two participants. To elucidate the bacterial pathogenesis mechanisms, therefore, it is essential to understand the cellular and systemic responses of the host as well as the virulence factors of the pathogen. Infection of a host by pathogenic bacteria causes drastic changes in the physiology of host cells, leading to activation of a program of various gene expression. (omitted)

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.190-192
• /
• 2000

Antifungal bacteria for biological control of plant diseases or production of novel antibiotics to plant pathogens were isolated in 1997 from various soils of Ansung, Chunan, Koyang, and Paju in Korea. Sixty-four bacterial strains pre-screened from approximately 1,400 strains were tested on V-8 juice agar against eight plant pathogenic fungi using in vitro bioassay technique for inhibition of mycelial growth. Test pathogens were Alternaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. A wide range of antifungal activity of bacterial strains was found against the pathogenic fungi, and strain RC-B77 showed the best antifungal activity. Correlation analysis between inhibition of each fungus and mean inhibition of all eight fungi by 64 bacterial strains revealed that C. gloeosporioides would be best appropriate for detecting bacterial strains producing antibiotics with potential as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.297-301
• /
• 2013

The present study was to investigate anti-microbial effects of curcumin on major bacterial pathogens for farmed fish, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio vulnificus, V. paraheamolyticus using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests. In disc diffusion test, curcumin exhibited concentration-dependent antimicrobial activities to all bacteria pathogens used in the study. Antimicrobial effects of curcumin was found differently depending on bacterial species when determined by MIC or MBC tests. For examples, E. tarda and A. hydrophila was respectively the most sensitive bacterium for bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal effect of curcumin. Collectively, curcumin could be a potential natural drug for controlling pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture industry.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.279-284
• /
• 2010

Combination therapy of antibiotics is leading to improved efficacy or safety profiles with decrease emergence of bacterial resistance. Because of this benefit, many of antibacterial combinations have been used in veterinary practice for the past few decades. The purpose of this study was to examine the in vitro activity of an amoxicillin alone and in combination with other antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria of fish origin. Based on the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index (FIC $$\leq_-$$ 0.5), a synergistic interaction was shown in combination of florfenicol with amoxicillin or cefuroxime. The combination of florfenicol and amoxillin showed higher antibacterial activity than that of florfenicol and cefuroxime. Ratio of amoxicillin and florfenicol in combination was 1 : 1, which showed the antibacterial activity against bacterial isolates of fish as compared with other ratios. A synergetic effect of the combination (amoxicillin and florfenicol) was further confirmed in the time-kill curve study. The study showed a better in vitro antibacterial activity of a 1 : 1 combination of amoxicillin and florfenicol than the individual antibacterial against bacterial isolates of fish. In conclusion, the combination of florfenicol and amoxicillin may serve as a potential antibacterial therapy in fishes infected pathogenic bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 1973

This study was attempted to see more clear relationships among the enterobacteria, especially between the intestinal normal flora and pathogenic bacteria. It has been known that some intestinal normal flora produce the bactrial metabolites that are harmful to other enteric bacteria. One of the metabolites is known as colicin, the protein fraction, which possesses certain degree of inhibitory effect against other bacterial growth fraction, whih possesses certain degree of inhibitory effect against other bacterial growth. As a preliminary study for a colicin purification, the antagonistic effect of E, coli to groups of Salmonella and Shigella has been studied by means of in vitro quantitative culture method. 1. E.coli showed definite inhibitory effects aganist both Salmonella and Shigella groups in the mixture of two organisms. 2. The inhibitory effects of E.coli in the E.coli-Salmonella and the E.coli-Shigella mixture occurred from 4 hours incubation following the inoculation. 3. Even the complete inhibition of pathogenic enteric bacterial growth was noticed in the E.coli-Salmonella mixture at overnight incubation. 4. Among the diluted mixtures, 1:100, 1:1,000, and 1:10,000, survival rate of pathogenic enteric bacteria in the mixtures with E.coli showed least affected at the 1:1,000 dilution. 5. It was found that the antagonistic effect aganist groups of Salmonella-shigella was depending upon the groups of the genera.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2015

The present study was to investigate in vitro antimicrobial effects of propolis against six different fish bacterial pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida) using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacteriocidal concentration (MBC) tests. In the results, propolis exhibited antimicrobial activity against all bacteria used in the present study, but there was no marked difference in bacterial species except Vibrio species. Collectively, propolis was thought to be an usefulness antimicrobial substance for controlling bacterial diseases in the fish industry.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.740-747
• /
• 2006

Amplification by universal consensus sequences in pathogenic bacterial DNA would allow rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria, and amplification of genus-specific and species-specific sequences of pathogenic bacterial DNA might be used for genotyping at the genus and species levels. For design of probes for molecular diagnostics, several tools are available as stand-alone programs or as Web application. However, since most programs can design only a few probe sets at one time, they are not suitable for large-scale and automatic probes design. Therefore, for high-throughput design of specific probes in diagnostic array development, an automated design tool is necessary. Thus, we developed a Web-based automatic system for design of genus-specific and species-specific probes for pathogen detection. The system is available at http://www.miprobe.com.