• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.435-437
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.532-540
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• 2019

PET microfibers with various diameters (0.5, 0.2, 0.06, and 0.01 dpf) were dyed with a dispersed dye (C.I. Disperse Blue 56) at various temperatures. The dyeing process was conducted under infinite dyebath conditions at constant temperatures. The effects of the dyeing temperature and diameter on the partition coefficient, affinity, and diffusion coefficient of disperse dyes were studied. The curve of isotherms was fitted well to Nernst-type model in a large range of initial dye concentrations. At the same temperature, the partition coefficient and affinity decreased with increasing sample diameter due to the increase in surface area. At all deniers, the partition coefficient and affinity decreased with increasing temperature because the dyeing process is an exothermic reaction. In addition, the decrease in radius of the sample gives rise to a decrease in the heat of dyeing. The fine diameter of the sample resulted in an increased surface area but decreased space between the microfibers. Consequently, decreasing the diameter of the microfibers leads to a decrease in the diffusion coefficient. At the same diameter, the diffusion coefficient increased with increasing temperature because of rapid dye movement and the large free volume of the sample inside. In addition, thermal dependence of the diffusion coefficient increased when the diameter of the sample increased.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1990

Ethanol fermentations of inulin by K.fraglis in aqueous two-phase system of PEG/Dextran were performed not only to investigate the characteristics of partition of ethanol, sugar, and cell in the upper phase and the bottom phase but also to compare the fermentation properties with those of single phase system. In the range of 1 to 3 wt% of Dextran, ethanol fermentability and ethanol productivity reduced according to the increase of the molecular weight of PEG. But the cell yield and the cell productivity showed the opposite trend. In the region of 6 to 10 wt% of PEG, the increase of the concentration of PEG, caused the minute decrease of ethanol productivity but the remarkable augmentation of cell productivity. According to the increase of the molecular weight of PEG, the partition coefficient of inulin slightly decreased. But with the increment of the concentration of Dextran, the partition coefficient and the partition yield of inulin in the bottom Phase represented the trends of increase.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.60-66
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• 1994

With the view of studying on the dual adsorption mechanism of acid dyes in connection with the structural difference of silk fibroin, silk fiber and silk fibroin memberane were used for equilibrium dyeing at $60^{\circ}C$, $70^{\circ}C$, $80^{\circ}C$ and pH 3.2, pH 5.0. The dyes used were C.I.Acid Orange 7 and C.I.Acid Red 88 introduced aromatic hydrocabon into Acid Orange 7. From the adsorption isotherm experiment, the total uptake of dyes can be described by Langmuir sorption and Nernst partition. Nernst partition. Nernst partition coefficient $K_1$ decrease of crystalline regions and orientation. The saturation value S of Acid Red 88 were large than total amino group contents and it was attributed it hydrophobic bond. On the other hand, the standard afficity and enthalpy were increased with the in crease of hydrophobic part of dyes. Both $k_1$ and $K_2$ were decreased with the increase of pH, but $k_2$ were more effected than $K_1$.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.682-687
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• 2007

The equation of state developed herein is predicated on a hard-sphere reference with perturbations introduced via a potential function to account for electrostatic forces and for attraction between protein particles. During this process, the generalized Lennard-Jones (GLJ) pair potential function is employed. The GLJ pair potential function is employed to represent the protein-protein interaction in two-protein systems. Via the use of the relation between the equation of state and the chemical potential, the phase behavior in the aqueous two-protein system can be estimated. The partition coefficients can be obtained via these processes. The calculated values of the coefficients agree fairly well with the experimental data in the given pH and ionic strength range, with no additional adjustable model parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.159-167
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• 2002

Partition coefficients for zinc vary on a broad range depending on properties of the foundry sands (TOC, clay content, total iron content) and solution pH. Among these properties, solution pH was found to be the most important factor. Empirical equations were developed from batch tests to predict partition coefscients and rate constants as a function of foundry sand properties and solution pH. Rate constants obtained from batch (kinetic) tests and batch sorption tests were found to be comparable when the solution pHs were comparable.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.377-383
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• 1990

Three kinds of hydrogel membranes were prepared by the copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) with acrylamide, N, N-dimethylamide and methylmethacrylate in the presence of solvent and crosslinker respectively. The equilibrium water content, relative permeability and partition coefficient of the membranes for alcohol solutes were measured. It has been found that the permeation of organic solute occurs through the water-filled regions in the hydrogel membrane, and that the gpermeability coefficient of organic solute depends on the molecular size. But the permeability of organic solute was controlled by the interaction of solute-membrane at the low water content. By the partition data, it has been shown that the partition of solute is only controlled by hydrophobic interaction between solute and membrane. The diffusion coefficient data were interpreted on the basis of water-solute interaction. It has been found that the diffusion of organic solute is determined by the free volume of water in the membrane, and that hardly depends on polarity-polarizability and hydrogen bonding ability between water and solute.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.43-54
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• 1986

To increase the bioavailability of clonixin, clonixin argininate was prepared and compared with clonixin by determining solubility, pKa, lipid-water partition coefficient, dissolution rate and in vivo tests. The results are summerized as followings; 1) The solubility of clonixin argininate was increased by 20 times in water, about 1.2 times in pH 1.2 and pH 8.0 buffer solution, and about 1.8 times in pH 6.8 buffer solution compared with that of clonixin. 2) pKa values of clonixin, clonixin lysinate and clonixin argininate were 6.32, 7.20 and 7.45, respectively. 3) The lipid-water partition coefficient of clonixin argininate was increased more than that of the clonixin in n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, and n-butanol, but the partition coefficient of clonixin was increased more than that of clonixin argininate in benzene/pH 1.2 buffer solution, ether/pH 8.0 buffer solution, and 3-methylbutyl acetate/pH 1.2, pH 8.0 buffer solution. 4) The time required to dissolve 60% $(T_{60%},\;min.)$ of clonixin argininate was about 1.5 min. in water and pH 1.2 buffer solution, and about 5 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution. $T_{60%}$ of clonixin lysinate was about 1.5 min. in water, about 1.8 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution, and about 8 min. in pH 1.2 buffer solution. But $T_{60%}$ of clonixin was about 96 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution, over 2 hours in water and pH 1.2 buffer solution. 5) Anti-inflammatory effect of clonixin argininate was increased more than that of clonixin over 6 hours, and that of clonixin lysinate was followed by lapse of time. 6) Analgesic effect of clonixin argininate was increased by 1.5 times more than that of clonixin and the effect of clonixin argininate was nearly identical with that of clonixin lysinate. 7) The absorption rates (Ka) of clonixin, clonixin lysinate and clonixin argininate were $0.169\;hr^{-1},\;0.652\;hr^{-1}$ and $0.723\;hr^{-1}$ in situ, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.827-835
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• 2005

A three-dimensional ecological model (EMT -3D) was applied to Nonylphenol in Tokyo Bay. EMT -3D was calibrated with data obtained in the study area. The simulated results of dissolved Nonylphenol were in good agreement with the observed values, with a correlation coefficient(R) of 0.7707 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.5940. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that biodegradation rate and bioconcentration factor are most important factors for dissolved Nonylphenol and Nonylphenol in phytoplankton, respectively. In the case of Nonylphenol in particulate organic carbon, biodegradation rate and partition coefficient were important factors. Therefore, the parameters must be carefully considered in the modeling. The mass balance results showed that standing stocks of Nonylphenol in water, in particulate organic carbon and in phytoplankton are $8.60\times 10^5\;g,\;2.19\times 10^2\;g\;and\;3.78\times 10^0\;g$ respectively. With respect to the flux of dissolved Nonylphenol, biodegradation in the water column, effluent to the open sea and partition to particulate organic carbon were $6.02\times10^3\;g/day,\;6.02\times10^2\;g/day\;and\;1.02\times10^1\;g/day$, respectively.