• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2022

Background: Estrogen deficiency affects the structure and function of the salivary glands in women, leading to a decrease in salivary secretion and a change in the composition of saliva. Previous studies on changes in the salivary glands that cause estrogen deficiency have reported only partial results for the parotid and submandibular glands, and there are few comparative morphological studies of histological changes between the parotid and submandibular glands in ovariectomized rats (OVX) leading to estrogen deficiency. This study aimed to analyze the histopathological and histochemical changes in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands causing estrogen deficiency by using OVX, and to discuss the mechanism on these changes. Methods: The parotid and submandibular glands from sacrificed control and OVX groups were fixed with cold 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2). The tissues were dehydrated using a series of graded ethyl alcohol and embedded in paraffin. For histopathological analysis, sections cut to a thickness of 6 to 7 ㎛ were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). For histochemical analysis, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB, pH 2.5), and PAS+AB (pH 2.5 and pH 1) staining was performed. Results: Histopathological analysis of OVX tissue showed that the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were broadly and clearly separated and divided into lobes. In OVX, acinar and ductal cells with condensed polymorphic or pyknotic nucleus, which are presumed to be characteristic of apoptotic cells, and degenerated cells with lipid deposition in cytoplasmic granules and ruptured membranes were increased. Histochemical analysis of OVX, confirmed an increase in the number and acidification of acinar secretory granules. Conclusion: Histopathological and histochemical changes and the effects of estrogen deficiency are more evident in the submandibular salivary gland than in the parotid gland.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2010

Objectives : In parotidectomy, facial nerve dissection technique had been evolved for its safety. Surgical landmarks are important and good guides to facial nerve detection. Conventional exposure and release of the nerve requires hemostat for elevation of parotid tissue from nerve and #11 blade for cutting the parotid away from the nerve. Material and Methods : The rolling the parotid tissue over the nerve after dissecting with Metzembaum scissors instead of knife, lessen pulling trauma and nerve cutting by knife. Eleven superficial parotidectomies since June 2009 were done with rolling technique and preliminary report is presented. Results : Total 11 parotidectomies were done using proposed technique with tolerable complications(temporary facial dysfunction in 4 cases). Conclusion : Rolling method using metzembaum scissors could be applied to parotid operation.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.127-129
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• 1999

Intraductal papilloma is a rare benign tumor reported to be primarily in minor salivary gland. There were few reports in parotid gland. A case of a 5-year-old boy with a palpable mass in the left parotid gland, with a review of the literature pertaining to this unusual case. A supeficial parotidectomy was performed under impression of benign or congenital lesion. Histopathologic diagnosis of intraductal papilloma was made on the surgical specimen. Authors report a intraductal papilloma arising from the parotid gland in childhood.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 2017

Lymphadenoma is a rare benign neoplasm of the salivary gland. Herein, we present a 67-year old woman with lymphadenoma in the parotid gland. Physical and radiologic examinations of parotid lymphadenoma are not specific and preoperative diagnosis is usually difficult. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility that lymphadenoma may occur in the parotid gland mimicking the other more frequently observed lesions.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.81-83
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• 2019

Pneumoparotid is a rare cause of parotid gland swelling, and is caused by retrograde air reflux from the oral cavity, into the parotid gland via Stensen's duct. Most patients complained of painless swelling in the parotid region. Herein, we report a rare case of pneumoparotid, incidentally diagnosed without symptoms on CT, for follow-up of parotid lymph node enlargement.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.57-60
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• 2019

Warthin's tumor (WT) is second most common neoplasm in the parotid gland and it can be accompanied by inflammation and necrosis. The chest wall inflammation may present a rapid and fatal clinical course and secondary to parotid abscess is extremely rare. An 81-year-old man came to emergency room complained of rapidly enlarged left parotid mass and inflammatory symptoms and signs around the upper lateral neck. We performed incision and drainage with adequate infection control. He was pathologically diagnosed as abscess. We report the unique and instructive clinical case with a literature review.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.641-644
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• 2005

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has a high incidence. However, regional metastasis occurs infrequently because skin cancer is usually recognized and treated early. We report the case of squamous cell carcinoma around the earlobe in a 74-year-old male patient. The cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma invaded ipsilateral parotid gland directly without lymphatic spreading. Wide excision was made with 1.5 cm margin and immediate reconstruction was performed with radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flap. During operation facial nerve was preserved. No recurrence was noted for 5 years and the patient was satisfied with good aesthetic result. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma spreads to the parotid gland usually through lymph nodes and there are few reports of invasive organ damage by direct invasion. We experienced a case of direct invasion to parotid gland without lymph node involvement of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and treated the cancer adequately with wide excision and free flap coverage.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.73-75
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• 2008

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon tumor that most often occurs in the parotid gland. In the parotid gland, malignant lymphomas are often clinically unsuspected, manifesting as nonspecific mass indistinguishable from other more common epithelial tumors. This case report describes a bilateral parotid glands mass as a first symptom of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The final diagnosis was established after an excisional biopsy and immunohistochemical staining. The patient underwent surgical excision and chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2019

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare subtype of malignant lymphoma (ML), accounting for only 1 to 2% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Although ML of the parotid gland is rare, the majority are B-cell types. The AITL occurring synchronously in the parotid gland and lateral neck has not been reported earlier. It is classified as a high-grade malignancy with aggressive clinical features, and the prognosis is worse than any other type of NHL. We recently encountered a 72-year-old man with multiple mass on the ipsilateral parotid tail and lateral neck, and he was finally diagnosed as AITL. We report the unique and rare disease entity with a brief literature review.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 1995

The effects of radiation therapy on salivary function of parotid gland were studied 20 male patients by radiation for tumors of head and neck. Saliva samples were collected before, during the radiotherapy and follow up. Parotid salivary function was quantitatively evaluated using a sialometry, sialochemistry, and scintigraphy. Salivary flow rates decreased in all individuals after irradiation. Glands than were partially irradiated were more likely to have some residual function than fully irradiated glands. Sodium and chloride contents were increased in parotid saliva of radiation patients where as potassium content was not changed definitively, pH was not changed during radiotherapy, but increased during follow up period. Scintigraphic stimulatory response rates showed similar result as flow rates. These results showed that exclusion of partial parotid gland from radiation is necessary to prevent severe xerostomia.