• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2006

Forty six individuals out of 200 Acronicta rumicis larva were parasitized (23 %) in 2000, 14 individuals out of 60 (23.33 %) in 2001, and 14 individuals out of 62 (22.58 %) in 2002. The mean parasitism rate was $22.97{\pm}0.38%$. The parasitism rate was 36.36 % in May and 52.78 % in October, 2000, 75 % and 50% in May and October 2001, 71.4% and 47.37% in May and October 2002 and it was much higher than other months. Parasitism was occurred from May to October 2000, but it was not in June and August 2001 and June 2002. There was no difference in the monthly mean parasitism rate, but the rate was the highest in May and October. The parasitoid of the larva of A. rumicis was the highest by 77.02% of parasitic wasps, and 13.51% of parasitic flies. It was found that multiparasitism was 4.05 % and hyperparasitism was 5.41 %. In case of parasitic wasps whose parasitism rate is the highest, the rate of Braconidae and Ichneumonidae was 70.18 % and 29.82 % respectively. That is, the former has much higher parasitism rate. The parasitism rate of the larva of A. rumicis was found that Microplitis sp. is $5.28{\pm}0.63%$, Glyptapanteles liparidis $8.62{\pm}3.70%$, and Diadegma sp. $4.02{\pm}1.28%$ respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2009

When the parasitic wasp Microplitis croceipes experiences odors while feeding on sugar water, it learns to associate the odors with sugar and thereafter exhibits typical food searching behavior in response to the odors. Previous studies have shown that this wasp can be used for detection of the small amount of explosives or other volatile chemicals. In the present study, we examined if this wasp can learn and report narcotic odors. Males of M. croceipes were trained to link sugar water with pseudo-narcotic scents that have been used for training narcotic detection dogs, and their behavioral response to the trained odors was observed. The males that had been given either an odor or sugar water did not show any positive response to the odors. However, when the wasps were given a combination of sugar water and either the pseudo-Cocaine, Heroin, LSD or Marihuana, they quickly learned to associate the odors with sugar, and thereafter positively responded to those odors. Our results suggest that this wasp can be used for detection of these narcotics.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.4 s.61
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• pp.237-241
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• 1984

The trichogrammatidae ego parasite of the green rice leafhopper (GRLH), paracentrobia andoi, were investigated to know their parasitic activities after overwintering in the paddy banks and fallow fields, their seasonal variation and per cent parasitism in the paddy fields of Gyeongnam provincial O.R.D. at Jinju from 1982 to 1984. The parasitic activities of Paracentrobia andoi after overwintering in the Paddy banks in early Masch were high and tended to decrease remarkably since early April by moving to the fallow fields. The parasitic rate of paracentrobia andoi on GRLH was $21\%$ between late April and early May. the peak of egg laying period of GRLH. The per cent parasitism of the wasps in fallow fields was an average of $0\%$ in Gyeochang and Namji and $9.6-29.2\%$ in Namhae, Kimhae and Jinju. The parasitic activites of Paracentrobia andoi had three peakrs in paddy field, however, the highest peak was ovserved between mid- August and early October. The per cent egg parasitism of Paracentrobia andoi was an average of $16.5\%$ on second generation of Nepotettix cinctireps and $36.7\%$ on third generation of the leafhopper.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.387-397
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• 2022

A taxonomic study was carried out to discover unrecorded species of South Korean Exetastes of which six taxa were previously known. In the present study, another six taxa were newly recognized from the country: E. adpressorius, E. allopus, E. fukuchiyamanus, E. illyricus, E. sapponensis and E. tomentosus. With the result of this study, 11 species and one subspecies in Exetastes are in total known from South Korea. In addition, a key to the South Korean species and the diagnoses and digital images of the six newly recorded species are provided.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.3 s.144
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• pp.241-259
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• 2006

Polydnavirus is a mutualistic DNA virus found in some braconid and ichneumonid wasps. Its genome is integrated into host chromosome as a provirus. Its replication occurs at ovarian calyx epithelium during host pupal stage to form episomal viral particles. The viral particles are delivered into hemocoel of the parasitized insect along with eggs during wasp oviposition. Several polydnaviral genomes, which are isolated from the episomal virus particles, have been sequenced and exhibit some gene families with speculative physiological functions. This review presents the viral characteristics in terms of Its parasitic physiology. For developing new insect pest control tactics, it also discusses several application strategies exploiting the viral genome to manipulate insect physiology.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2009

The invasive pest Brontispa longissima(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, has extended its distribution to Australia, Asia and Pacific islands and caused serious leaf damages of the coconut palm Cocos nuciferain the invaded regions. Although biological control using parasitic wasps has successfully reduced population density and leaf damage levels, this pest and its natural enemies have not been efficiently producedin conventional methods using young leaves of C. nucifera. In the present study, we examined suitability of plants easily available in Thailand and Japan for mass rearing of this pest to develop effective mass rearing system of this pest. Mature, green leaves of the palms were also suitable for immature development and adult reproduction of this pest. Since mature leaves of C. nucifera are more abundant and less contaminated with fungus than the unopened leaf buds, mature leaves could be a promising plant diet for mass rearing of B. longissima. Ornamental palms such as Hyophorbe lagenicaulis and Washingtonia filifera were also suitable for immature development and reproduction of B. longissima. Away from palms, the cattail Typha spp. can sustain immature development and adult reproduction of B. longissima. In the area where C. nucifera is rare or not available, W. filifera or Typha spp. would be good food plants for mass rearing of this pest.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2023

This paper reports new hosts for three ichneumonids (Apophua evanescens evanescens, Teleutaea minamikawai, and Trathala flavoorbitalis) from South Korea. These three species were discovered from the lepidopteran pupae, viz., Cleora leucophaea (Butler) (Geometridae), Adoxophyes honmai Yasuda (Tortricidae), and Pyrausta phoenicealis (Hübner) (Crambidae), respectively. Among these, the lepidopteran family Geometridae and Crambidae are also newly recorded as host groups for the genera Apophua and Trathala.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.3 s.60
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• pp.158-165
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• 1984

These studies were carried out to investigate the bionomics of Gonatocerus sp. y (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) , an egg parasite of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler (Homoptera: Deltocephalidae) under laboratory and field conditions at Gyeongnam Provincial O.R.D. in Jinju from 1982 to 1983. The developmental period of each life stage was observed under four different temperature conditions from $15^{\circ}C\;to\;30^{\circ}C\;with\;5^{\circ}C$ increment. The development from egg to adult at 15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;and\;30^{\circ}C $ was completed in an average of 53, 25, 15, and 12 days and the females laid an average of 28, 48, 42, and 32 eggs respectively, with a maximum of 98. And most of the eggs were laid in the first two days after emergence. The time of adult emergence was determined under $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ condition. More than $76\%$ of the wasps emerged in the morning and the rest of them emerged in the afternoon. The average sex ratio between male and female was 1 : 5 when the wasps were developed from fertilized eggs. The longevity of female was greater than that of male when honey and water were provided as food, however, it was not when only water was supplied as food. The average longevities of females were 30 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and 15 days at $20^{\circ}C$ when honey and water were given as food. The peak precent parasitism of Gonatocerus sp. v on Nephotettix cincticeps in fallow fields was observed between late April and early May. The percent parasitism of the wasps In fallow fields was an average of 49\~59.9\% $ in Gyeochang, Namji and $23.2\~36\%$ in Namhae. The parasitic activities of the parasite had four peaks in paddy field, however, the highest peak was observed between late August and early September. The Percent e99 Parasitism of Gonatocerus sp. y was an average of $12.3\%$ on second the generation and $24.6\%$ of third genera lion of Nephotettix cinrticeps.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1990

Storage ecosystems of rough rice, brown rice and polished rice were analyzed form Feb. 1987 to Nov. 1988 to investigate structures and ecological successions in the arthropod communities as well as changes in energy of the systems. The changes in temperature of stored rice showed high degree dependence on the temperature of storage room with time lag of about four weeks. Moisture content of rough rice, brown rice and polished rice during the period were in the range of 12.7$\pm$0.4, 13.1$\pm$0.4 and 13.5$\pm$0.3%, respectively. The arthropod communities in rough rice, brown rice and polished rice were qualitatively and quantitatively different. In rough rice, dominant species changed from Leptinotus reticulatus Endlein to Liposcelisentomophilus Endlein, while in brown rice from Pyralis farinalis L. to Sitophilus oryze (L.), unidentified parasitic wasps, Anisopteromalus calandrae Howard and Tribolium castaneum Herbst and finally to S. oryzae. In polished rice, the arthropod community showed an ecological succession similar to that in brown rice except for a transient dominance of two psocidspecies. Thearthropod community in rough rice was rather simple and unstable in comparison with those in brown rice and polished rice. The 1000 kernel weight of brown rice decreased slightly during the period when the arthropods were active (summer season), while that of rough rice and polished rice remained at the similar level. However, the ash content per unit volume of brown rice as well as rough rice and polished rice showed no increase during the period.