• 멤브레인
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 1997

직선형(Type 1), 곡선형(Type 2) 및 병렬형 (Type 3) baffle을 설치한 역삼투용 판틀형 모듈을 설계 제작하였으며 NaCl과 sucrose 용액을 각각의 모듈에 공급하여 용액농도 및 운전압력등이 분리특성에 미치는 효과를 측정하고 각 모듈의 특성치를 비교하였다. 운전압력 35bar, 원료 공급유량 6 l/min 이내의 운전조건에서 Type 3가 투과선속 및 배제율 측면에서 가장 우수하였다. NaCl 수용액의 경우, Type 1에 대한 Type 2 및 3의 투과선속 향상율은 운전압력이 증가함에 따라서 감소하였다: 1wt% NaCl 수용액에 대한 Type 3 투과선속 향상율은 10bar 근처에서 약 100%이었으나 35bar에서는 약 10%로 감소하였다. 그러나 sucrose 수용액에 대한 Type 2 및 3의 투과선속 향상율은 농도 및 운전압력에 따라서 크게 변화하였다. 또한 Type 3의 경우, 원료용액의 공급속도 변화에 따른 투과선속의 의존성은 거의 선형적으로 나타났으며 이는 baffle이 존재하지 않는 난류영역에서 보다 큰 값이었다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.803-812
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• 2023

The subsea separator of an offshore plant for offshore oil and gas development performs the process of separating oil and gas from crude oil produced in the subsea. The oil-gas subsea separator can be divided into a gravity type that separates fluids by gravity and an in-line type that separates fluids using centrifugal force of density. In the case of the deep sea, the development of a small in-line type separator is required due to manufacturing cost and safety problems caused by water pressure. Therefore, in this study, the gas-liquid phase separation efficiency of the subsea separator was identified through the study of the multiphase flow characteristics of the in-line type separator. For the optimal design of the in-line type separator, the shape of the internal swirl element(ISE) was selected first, and the separation efficiency results for each section of the in-line type separator were analyzed. This study was conducted in parallel with experiments and numerical analysis, and it is expected that the reliability and efficiency of the in-line type separator will be improved through the results.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2008

Axial fan without static blades requires the duct as a guidance for unskewed inflows. This work examined the geometric effects of a duct guided the in and out flows through an impeller. The present methodologies are computational predictions with parallel work by experimental validation. Several different positions of a rotor in a duct are proposed for plausible models of a rotor inside a duct. The optimum axial position of an impeller in a duct is found at the #4 model where the impeller lies on the inlet edge of a circular duct. The model shows a wider inlet area. The result of computational prediction is in good agreement with experiment measurement.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.1888-1893
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• 2007

In this study, the microchannel plated heat exchanger were numerically studied for the enhancement of heat transfer in the channel configuration. Unit cold and hot fluid region with the microchannel were modeled and periodic boundary condition at the side wall was applied to continuously repeating geometry. The material of micro-structured plate is STS304 and working fluid is water. Triangular obstacles were placed in micro channel to enhance heat transfer. The performance of microchannel plated heat exchangers were numerically investigated with various obstacle configuration and Reynolds number under the parallel and counter flows. Heat transfer rate has increased about 18% compared with straight channel, but pressure drop also increased about 3.5 times. The main factor of increasing of pressure drop and heat transfer rate is considered that the momentum was lost to collide against obstacles, generation of secondary flow and boundary layer separation, wake and vortex forming phenomena.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1848-1859
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• 2011

A subsidiary-main track for passenger station is a low-speed track section distinct from a through route such as a main track. It is parallel to a through track and connected to it at both ends by switches. Sidetracks allow for fast, high priority trains to pass slower or lower priority trains going the same direction. They are important for efficiency to order and organize the flow of rail traffic. In this paper we first describe the minimum headway between trains using the concept of occupation time in a block section, which depends on block systems, signalling system and safety technology. And then a stepwise approach is presented to select station, which is suitable to install sidetrack for a given train-traffic pattern. This approach is tested with sample example data, which are surveyed from track geometry based on the to-be-constructed line.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2005

Many multicast applications, such as video-on-demand and video conferencing, desire quality of service (QoS) support from an underlying network. The differentiated services (DiffServ) approach will bring benefits for theses applications. However, difficulties arise while integrating native IP multicasting with DiffServ, such as multicast group states in the core routers and a heterogeneous QoS requirement within the same multicast group. In addition, a missing per-flow reservation in DiffServ and a dynamic join/leave in the group introduce heavier and uncontrollable traffic in a network. In this paper, we propose a distributed and stateless admission control in the edge routers. We also use a mobile agents-based approach for dynamic resource availability checking. In this approach, mobile agents act in a parallel and distributed fashion and cooperate with each other in order to construct the multicast tree satisfying the QoS requirements.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2004

Recently with growth in the capability of super computers and Parallel computers, shape design optimization is becoming easible for real problems. Also, Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) techniques have been improved for higher reliability and higher accuracy. In the shape design optimization, analysis solvers and optimization schemes are essential. In this work, the Roe's 2nd-order Upwind TVD scheme and DADI time march with multigrid were used for the flow solution with the Euler equation and FDM(Finite Differenciation Method), GA(Genetic Algorithm) and Kriging were used for the design optimization. Kriging were applied to 2-D airfoil design optimization and compared with FDM and GA's results. When Kriging is applied to the nonlinear problems, satisfactory results were obtained. From the result design optimization by Kriging method appeared as good as other methods.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2002

statement of problem The viscoelastic property is the most important and peculiar characteristics of soft liners. But the authorized standard is not certainly established than other dental materials. purpose of study This study is aimed to compare the initial flow of gelation of the modified soft liner with 4-META with that of PMMA soft liners using dynamic method and evaluate the clinical acceptance of the trial materials. materials and method This study consists of 3 groups with the given % of 4-META powder in the Coe soft liquid; 0%, 5%, 10% Each group was tested for 10 times to record the change of G′values during 3 hours. the gelation time was recorded by the oscillating rheometer with parallel plate with 1 rad/sec. results As the results of this study, the gelation time of modified soft liner was elongated by 5 to 6 minutes. conclusion The mean gelation time of modified soft liner could be within the range of clinically acceptable.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Many cryptographic and error control coding algorithms rely on finite field GF(2m) arithmetic. Hardware implementation of these algorithms needs an efficient realization of finite field arithmetic operations. Finite field multiplication is complicated among the basic operations, and it is employed in field exponentiation and division operations. Various algorithms and architectures are proposed in the literature for hardware implementation of finite field multiplication to achieve a reduction in area and delay. In this paper, a low area and delay efficient semi-systolic multiplier over finite fields GF(2m) using the modified Montgomery modular multiplication (MMM) is presented. The least significant bit (LSB)-first multiplication and two-level parallel computing scheme are considered to improve the cell delay, latency, and area-time (AT) complexity. The proposed method has the features of regularity, modularity, and unidirectional data flow and offers a considerable improvement in AT complexity compared with related multipliers. The proposed multiplier can be used as a kernel circuit for exponentiation/division and multiplication.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2250-2264
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• 2006

In micro- and nanoflows, the Boltzmann distribution is valid only when the electric double layers (EDL's) are not overlapped and the ionic distributions establish an equilibrium state. The present study has numerically investigated unsteady two-dimensional fully-developed electroosmotic flows between two parallel flat plates in the nonoverlapped and overlapped EDL cases, without any assumption of the Boltzmann distribution. For the study, two kinds of unsteady flows are considered: one is the impulsive application of a constant electric field and the other is the application of a sinusoidally oscillating electric field. For the numerical simulations, the ionic-species and electric-field equations as well as the continuity and momentum ones are solved. Numerical simulations are successful in accurately predicting unsteady electroosmotic flows and ionic distributions. Results show that the nonoverlapped and overlapped cases are totally different in their basic characteristics. This study would contribute to further understanding unsteady electroosmotic flows in micro- and nanofluidic devices.