• Title/Summary/Keyword: Paraffin Oil

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Enhanced In-situ Mobilization and Biodegradation of Phenanthrens from Soil by a Solvent/Surfactant System

  • Kim, Eun-Ki;Ahn, Ik-Sung;L.W.Lion;M.L.Shuler
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.716-719
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    • 2001
  • The mobilization and biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil was enhanced by using paraffin oil, which was stabilized by the addition of a surfactant (Brji 30). The ratio of paraffin oil/Brij 30 was determined by measuring the change in the critical micelle concentration. When only surfactant was used, the stabilized paraffin oil emulsion could dissolve more phenanthrene in the water phase. Column experiment showed increased phenanthrene mobilization from the contaminated soil. The phenanthrene mobilized in the paraffine oil/Brij 30 emulsion was biodegraded faster than that in water phase or surfactant solution. This result indicates that a paraffin oil/surfactant system can be effectively used for the removal of PAH from contaminated soil.

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Effect of Washing Culture Oil on In Vitro Development in Porcine Embryos (Washing Culture Oil이 돼지 수정란의 체외 발육에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Yeon-Ju;Kim, Yu-Jin;Lee, Sang-Hee;Cheong, Hee-Tae;Yang, Boo-Keun;Park, Choon-Keun
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.93-98
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme during in vitro development with washing culture oil in porcine embryos. During the culture, the four types of culture oil such as paraffin oil with or without washing and mineral oil with or without washing were examined. The oil was washed with PZM-3 during 7 days and collected oil only. The embryos were stained with CellTracker$^{TM}$ Red, DCFDA and Hoechst 33342 to confirm the effects of the oil. As a results, Cleavage rates and total cell number were no difference among the four oil groups. However, ${\geq}16$ cell embryos were significantly different in fore type oil treatment and blastocyst rate was significantly higher washing paraffin treatment than in other group(p<0.05). Also, the expression of free radical were lower in washing paraffin oil than in other groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, the expression of glutathione were not significant different among paraffin oil with or without washing and mineral oil with or without washing, however washing paraffin oil and washing mineral groups were higher than other treatment groups. In conclusion, the washing oil was expected with positive effects on in vitro development in porcine embryos.

Effect of Paraffin Oil on Prolongation of Green Period in Zoysiagrass (파라핀오일 처리가 한국잔디의 녹색기간 연장에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Dong-Woon;Lee, Suk-Jun;Lee, Chae-Min;Choi, Tae-Hyuk;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Choi, Dae-Hong;Chang, Tae-Hyun
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2012
  • These studies were carried out to ascertain the effects of paraffin oil on prolongation of the green leaf color period in Zoysiagrass. Fifty-fold diluted 98% paraffin oil treatment obtained the lowest reduction rate of green color. In early October we sprayed 50-fold, 100-fold and 200-fold diluted 98% paraffin oil in a Zoysia japonica field in Hapcheon of Gyeongnam and Sangju of Gyeongbuk and in a Z. matrella field in Gumjung of Busan and Anseong of Gyeonggii. Leaf color maintained for 60 days after treatment in Zoysia japonica. Leaf color remained for 60 days after treatment in Anseong, Hapcheon and Sangju when treated in the mid-October. Chlorophyll content was higher in paraffin oil treatment areas than in control areas in early October. Weight reduction rate was lower in the paraffin oil treated than in untreated leaves of Zoysiagrass when sprayed in Gumjung and Anseong in early October and mid-October, respectively. The chlorophyll content in leaves of Z. japonica was increased by increasing the spray volume of paraffin oil in the same dose treated in Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Paraffin oil can be used to prolongate of Zoysiagrass leaf color.

The Functions of Polyoxyethylene Tocopherylethers in the Formulations of Cosmetics (화장품 제형에서 폴리옥시에틸렌 토코페릴에테르의 기능)

  • 김영대;김창규
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.108-126
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    • 1993
  • The functions of polyoxyethylene tocopheryl ethers [POE(n)TEs] in emulsion, solubilization and gel were studied. For emulsification of liquid paraffin, POE(10)TE showed better emulsifying effect in O/W emulsions than others tested. The effects of oil and polyol content on the formulation of W/O and O/W emulsions were also studied. In O/W emulsion, the viscosity was increased by increasing the liquid paraffin content, at about 70%, and slightly increased by increasing the propylene glycol content, However, in W/O emulsion, the viscosity was decreased by increasing the oil content, and also decreased by increasing the propylene glycol content, For solubilization of perfume oil, POE(18)TE showed better solubilizing effect than the others tested. The gelling effect of POE(n)TEs increased with ethylene oxide chain length up to 50 moles. The gelling property was evaluated for hardness and viscosity.

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Friction Assessment of Canola Oil on Contact Bearing Materials

  • Okechukwu, Nicholas Nnaemeka;Byun, JaeYoung;Kim, JongSoon;Park, JongMin;Kwon, SoonGoo;Chung, SungWon;Kwon, SoonHong;Choi, WonSik
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 2020
  • In manufacturing operations, oil plays a crucial role in reducing friction and wear among interacting surfaces at varying velocities, loads, and temperature. Hydrocarbon oil is considered the origin of lubrication oils. However, this base oil has been limited in its use as it is a principal cause of pollution. This research focuses on identifying a biodegradable base oil lubricant that possesses a stable coefficient of friction and viscosity with temperature. Friction analysis is conducted by employing a pin on a disk tribotester with a fixed load of 10 N at varying sliding speeds ranging from 0.06 m/s to 0.34 m/s. Oil viscosity analysis is perfomed at room temperature by using a rotary viscometer. Tests are performed using canola oil and paraffin oil as lubricants. The results indicate that the viscosity of canola oil is more efficient than paraffin oil. The non-dimensional characteristic number according to the Stribeck curve reveals an elastohydrodynamic lubrication regime with canola oil lubrication. A comparison of both lubricants reveals that, the friction efficiency of canola oil and paraffin oil does not differ considerably. However, the friction in canola oil is observed to decrease more than that in paraffin oil at an elevated sliding speed. The tests confirm that canola oil is potent in minimizing the friction coefficient of SCM440 bodies interacting with one another as well as acted upon by load.

Improvement of Control Efficacy of Mancozeb Wettable Powder against Citrus Melanose by Mixing with Paraffin Oil (파라핀유와 혼용 살포에 의한 만코제브 수화제의 감귤 검은점무늬병 방제 효과 증진)

  • Yi, Pyoung-Ho;Hyun, Jae-Wook;Hwang, Rok-Yeon;Kim, Kwang-Sik
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.196-200
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out to determine the effect of mixing with paraffin oil on rainfastness of mancozeb on citrus fruits and assay the improvement of control effect of mancozeb against citrus melanose by mixing with paraffin oil. In artificial rainfall condition (7.2 mm/hr), the attached contents of mancozeb on detached fruits were the most in treatment of mancozeb 0.2% + paraffin oil 0.1% as the contents was $7.43{\mu}g/cm^2$ after treatment of rainfall for 10 hr. In open field condition, the contents of attached mancozeb on fruits were significantly more in treatment of mancozeb 0.2% + paraffin oil 0.1% or 0.25% than the other treatments 1, 15 and 25 days after treatment 2009 and 2010 seasons. The disease incidence was significantly lower in treatment of mancozeb 0.2% + paraffin oil 0.1% or 0.25% than treatment of mancozeb 0.2% only 2009, 2010 and 2011 seasons. Based on this study, it was suggested that the control effect of mancozeb against citrus melanose can be improved by mixing with paraffin oil.

Study on Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Fuel and Low Quality Oil Droplet with Additive Oxygenate and Paraffin (함산소계 및 파라핀계 혼합 경유 및 저질유 액적의 연소특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim Bong-Seock;Ogawa Hideyuki
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.552-561
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    • 2006
  • The single droplet combustion characteristics of diesel fuel and low quality oil with additive oxygenate and paraffin under high ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure were investigated in the study. The results of the study may are concluded as follows: In the combustion of diesel fuel and low quality oil droplet with additive of oxygenate and paraffin. the dimensionless droplet size of $(D/Do)^2$ was linearly decreased with time. A fuel droplet with low boiling temperature additives and in high boiling temperature base fuel evaporates and burns faster than usual base fuel. Especially. these trends were remarkably obtained by decreasing boiling point and increasing blending contents of additives in case of oxygenated agents rather than n-paraffin agents. This rapid burning may result from so-called 'micro-explosion' and its burning intensity varies with the types of additives. The results above may suggest that rapid evaporation of oxygenate additive in the middle stage of combustion can contribute much to combustion improvement of blended fuels.

Application of Paraffin Oil for Control of Large Patch on Zoysia japonica (들잔디 갈색퍼짐병 방제를 위한 파라핀오일의 살포)

  • Lee, Dong-Woon;Lee, Sang-Myeong;Kim, Dong-Su;Choi, Tae-Hyuk;Chang, Tae-Hyun
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2012
  • Large patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 (IV) is one of the most serious diseases in zoysiagrass. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the in vitro fungicidal effect and in field control of large patch disease of Paraffin oil. In the field experiments, paraffin oil was applied with 1 L/$m^2$ after diluted at 5 ml to 20 ml of oil/1 L of water for the control of large patch on Zoysia japonica in golf course. The same material was tested for inhibition of mycelial growth in vitro. Paraffin oil at 0.5% and 2.0% had a fungicidal effect by 43 to 67% on R. solani AG2-2 (IV) in vitro. In two locations of the field experiments, the paraffin oil provided moderate protection of large patch. It was effective in suppressing large patch development by 48.0% in comparison with a water check after one time application on mid-September in golf course. Paraffin oil may be used as an alternative control agent for environment friendly management of large patch on Zoysiagrass in golf course.

Improvement in Water Resistance of Desulfurized Gypsum by Novel Modification of Silicone Oil Paraffin Composite Emulsion-based Waterproofing Agent

  • Cao, Jing-Yu;Li, Jin-Peng;Jiang, Ya-Mei;Wang, Su-Lei;Ding, Yi;Oh, Won-Chun
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.558-565
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    • 2019
  • In this study, dimethyl silicone oil and liquid paraffin were combined and subsequently emulsified; the resulting mixture was innovatively incorporated into desulfurized gypsum to resolve its drawback of a poor water resistance. The waterproof mechanism of the composite emulsion and liquid paraffin emulsion with mass fractions of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% were investigated. The effect of the desulfurized gypsum on the waterproof performance and basic mechanical properties were also investigated. The configuration of the composite waterproofing agent was characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR. The results showed that, compared with the traditional liquid paraffin emulsion-based waterproofing agent, the softening coefficient of the silicone oil paraffin composite emulsion-based water-repellent agent was increased by 60% and attained a value of 0.89. Combined with the waterproof mechanism and microscope morphology analysis of gypsum hydration products, the improvement in the water resistance of water resistance was primarily attributed to the formation of a silicone hydrophobic membrane between the crystals of the gypsum block; this ensured that water could not penetrate the crystal.

Effect of Paraffin Wax Mask Pack on Skin Improvement (파라핀왁스 마스크 팩의 피부 개선 효과)

  • Yi, Ji-Eun;Lee, Sang-Bong
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.237-242
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    • 2019
  • This study examined the effect of paraffin wax mask pack on skin improvement. The subjects were 13 males and females in 20s. Subjects applied the paraffin wax mask pack eight times for four weeks. To determine the effects of paraffin wax mask pack on the skin, we measured oil, moisture, skin surface temperature, softness of skin and satisfaction in subjective skin condition. After using the paraffin wax mask pack, the moisture, oil content of the facial skin, skin surface temperature and softness of skin increased. In addition, the subjects were highly satisfied with the improvement in subjective skin conditons such as dryness, oil and skin tone. Therefore, these results suggest that paraffin wax mask pack has beneficial effects on skin improvement and it will have high utility and value as development of skin care devices for skin care.