• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.922-926
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• 2002

In this paper, in order to investigate the catalytic effect of the sludge exhausted from waterworks as heating temperature for NOx removal, we measure NO, $NO_2$ concentration as increasing temperature of sludge pellets and applying high voltage to sludge pellets in a quartz-glass reactor at the same time. NO initial concentration is 100ppm balanced with air gas in a mixing chamber. The gas flow is 5[l/min] and the heating temperature of sludge pellets in a quartz-glass reactor is adjusted from $200[^{\circ}C]$ $400[^{\circ}C]$ to investigate the effect of sludge pellets for removal NOx$(NO+NO_2)$ as increasing temperature. $BaTiO_3$ pellets is filled in a packed-bed reactor for corona discharge to measure how much NOx$(NO+NO_2)$ is removed after generating $NO_2$ from the packed-bed reactor. AC[60Hz] voltage is supplied to the reactor for discharge. In the result, $NO_2$ concentration is decreased by sludge pellets without heating temperature for sludge pellets in case of sludge pellets done heat treatment, however NO concentration is almost the same to be compared NO initial concentration. As increasing heating temperature for sludge pellets, $NO_2$ adsorbed on the sludge surface done heat treatment is converted to NO by the thermal energy, so NO concentration is extremely increased by reduction decomposition of $NO_2$. Finally, We think the sludge is possible to use for reduction catalysts, however we need to study more about the possibility and endurance of sludge as catalysts for NOx removal.

• 청정기술
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.96-105
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• 1997

본 연구는 유,무연탄 혼합 유동층 석탄연소로에서 폐제지슬러지를 탈황제로 사용하였을 경우 석회석 입자크기, 주입공기 유속, Ca/S 몰비, 무연탄비, 층온도 등에 따른 $SO_2$ 제거 효율에 관해 연구하였으며, 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 폐제지슬러지의 입자크기는 탈황율에 매우 큰 영항을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 입자크기 $1016{\mu}m$ 일 때 가장 높은 탈황율을 보였고, 주입되는 공기의 유속변화에 따른 탈황율에는 큰 차이가 없었다. Ca/S 몰비가 증가할수록 탈황율도 증가하였으며, Ca/S 몰비 3까지는 급격히 탈황율이 증가하였으나 3이상에서는 큰 차이가 없었으므로 Ca/S 몰비는 3이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 층온도는 탈황율에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나 $800^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 탈황율을 보였으며, 무연탄비가 증가할수록 탈황율이 약간 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 유,무연탄 혼합연소시 폐제지슬러지는 매우 높은 탈황율을 보여 탈황제로서의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2001

본 연구는 제지 슬러지 소각재의 보다 근본적이고 장기적인 처리방안으로 인공경량골재를 제조하여 고부가 자원으로의 개발과 대량으로 처리할 수 있는 기술에 관한 연구이다. 따라서 배합비, 성형 및 소성조건을 달리하여 골재를 제조하고 이에 따른 골재의 물성을 평가하고자 하였다. 실험결과 제지 슬러지 소각재 단독으로는 인공경량골재의 원료로 부적합하여 점토, 플라이 애쉬 등의 부원료의 첨가가 필요하였으며, 적정 배합비는 제지 슬러지 소각재 30~50 % , 점토 30~50 %, 플라이애쉬 0~40 %, 제지 슬러지 0~10 %, 산화철 2~3% 이었다. 또한 본 배합비를 이용하여 절건 비중이 약 0.6~l.4의 다양한 경량골재 제조가 가능하였다. 골재의 물성 시험 결과 10% 세립치 파쇄강도 및 흡수율은 5~10 ton 및 10~20%로 나타나 골재의 물성은 비구조용 및 구조용 인공경량골재로 적합하였으며, 외국제품에 비해서도 거의 동등한 물성을 나타내었다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2000

All crude oil carries a little of water, sand, and mineral sediment molecules tightly bounded with hydrocarbons. The result is the gradual precipitation of these heavier elements into thick, granular petroleum by products known as crude oil sludge. The oily sludges in ship tanks and in storage facilities have to be treated efficiently in order to keep the security and the capacity of storage facilities, to protect a serious environmental pollution, and to retrieve lost resource. The oily sludge treatment system should be designed to satisfy requirements mentioned in safe work condition. As a basic study, in this paper, an oily sludge treatment system by ultrasonic waves was proposed. Then, the features of ultrasonic energy and recovery of sludge with ultrasonic waves are investigated by experiments. As results, we found that ultrasonic waves are a new energy to flow oil sludge environment-friendly in safe work condition. In addition, it was shown that ultrasonic energy is more efficient than thermal energy in treating oil sludge, and that the volume of wastes for disposal is reduced remarkably.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.526-531
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• 2009

This paper suggests the dehydration and RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) production of organic sludge, livestock manure and sewerage sludge causing environmental problems, with hydrothermal pre-treatment process. The renewable technology from the organic wastes must involve short treatment time required, reusable energy source, anti-odor and viruses, low cost for the treatment, and well-fertilization. The hydrothermal pre-treatment process promotes to evaporate moisture in the sludge after being shortly treated in a reactor, which is supplied steam and heat by an external boiler, due to the pressure with steam breaks the cell walls of the sludge, so this process removes the internal moisture of the cell. Then, the treated sludge(solid-state) is mixed with waste vinyls called RDF(6,706kcal/kg).

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.255-269
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• 2016

The waste glass sludge is a waste produced in the glass industry. It is in a dust form and disposed with water. In the disposal process, various cohesive agents are incorporated in order to precipitate the glass particles efficiently. In this paper, we investigate the pozzolanic reaction of the waste glass sludge incorporating precipitation additives experimentally. The consumption of calcium hydroxide, the setting time and the compressive strength and the pore structure were tested for two different types of the waste glass sludge depending on whether precipitation additives were used. It was found that the waste glass sludge incorporating the precipitation additives had a higher pozzolanic potential than the reference waste glass sludge without precipitation additives.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2014

It has been previously reported that in principle sludge and blockages can be detected and even characterized by using guided ultrasonic torsional waves, based on an idealized model in which the sludge layer was simplified in terms of geometry and material properties. The work revealed that the presence of a layer inside a pipe scatters the guided wave propagating in the pipe and both the reflection and transmission of the guided wave can be used to effectively detect and characterize the layer. This paper proceeds the work by taking into account more realistic sludge characteristics, including irregular circumferential profiles of the sludge layer and imperfect bonding state between the sludge and the pipe. The influence of these issues is investigated to identify the critical factors that influence the detection and characterization capability of the two measurements.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

This paper presents the numerical analysis of process of sludge drying to know the characteristics of design parameters and develop the new process plant. Finite volume method and $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model were used to analogy the sludge drying furnace. It has been attempted to perform the disposal of sewage sludge such as simple reclaiming and dumping in sea and incineration. Currently, these methods are restricted by national or international government regulations. The drying process is adopted as an effective method for sewage sludge treatment. However sewage sludge makes it difficult to treat with a large volume at the real drying process plant because of its own complicated physical, chemical, and thermal properties. The final design value of moisture content with 10% of the dried sludge can be obtained through the simulated outputs in this study.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.458-464
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• 2008

Bulking phenomena and scum formation are common problem in suspended growth system like the activated sludge plants for wastewater treatment. Apart from wastewater composition, operating conditions, such as mechanical stress by insufficient oxygen supply, are often decisive for the occurrence of a bulking or scumming problem. There were the comparative aeration tanks in terms of sludge bulking caused by the difference of mechanical aeration facilities in the wastewater treatment plant of N paper mill company. In this study the cause of bulking was investigated through not only the biological isolation and identification but also a series of operational data consideration. On the basis of the investigation results for bulking cause, the operational criteria on dissolved oxygen concentration was derived to decrease the bulking problem.

• 기술사
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1985

As the paper industry consumes much water in process and discharge wastewater containing suspended solid and COD(chemical oxygen demand), relevant law against this discharge has been set up to limit the total containment of COD in discharge. This study has been carried out to improve the treatment method for the soluble COD in wastewater produced during the process of paste-board production, which is made of semichemical pulp and waste paper. Applicated methods are, O$_2$AS : O$_2$ activated sludge process DAS : Deep well activated sludge process SAS : standard activated sludge process and proper combination of DAS and SAS 1) As a result of this experiment, we get the following conclusion between in COD sludge loading "X" and COD removable rate in the process of treating waste-water. COD removable rate(％)=(0.778+0.0146/X)${\times}$100(％)……(7) 2) In case that the COD sludge loading is high, it has been cleared out that the COD removable rate shall become low due to unknown unsoluble substances contained in the process. Meanwhile, to increase the efficiency rate of treatment, it is thought to be necessary, to provide long-time contacts with activated sludge. 3) Once the COD of original waste-water and the target COD of treated water are decided, COD sludge loading is obtained from equation(7), and capacity of aeration tank in the effective systems such as O$_2$AS, DAS, to bet the required COD removable rate can be decided. Therefore the choice among SAS, O$_2$AS, DAS methods is made in consideration of required COD removable rate and allowable installation area. 4) In the sedimentation tank with sludge bulking, it is possible to increase the COD removable rate by 3～7％ but still there exist many obstacles to manage this operation.