• 제목/요약/키워드: Paper Recycling

검색결과 874건 처리시간 0.024초

A Novel Method for Calcium Hardness Control of Closed OCC Recycling System

  • Ow, Say-Kyoun;Shin, Jong-Ho;Song, Bong-Keun;Ryu, Jeong-Yong
    • 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC
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    • pp.164-171
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    • 1999
  • A new technique for recycling process water was developed in order to reduce the calcium hardness of the closed OCC recycling system. Calcium ions present in the white water were precipitated as calcium carbonate by a reaction with sodium carbonate and the CaCO$_3$precipitates were easily removed from the system by a dissolved air flotation(DAF) method. After the DAF stage, CO$_2$-gas was purged into the water because the pH of Na$_2$CO$_3$-treated white water was reduced to neutral by CO$_2$gas. Since CaCO$_3$precipitate tends to stick onto the fine fiber surface and then is selectively removed from the water, a proper amount of suspended solid in the process water acts as an important factor in deciding the removal efficiency. By the application of Na$_2$CO$_3$addition - DAF - CO$_2$purging to the short circulated white water the calcium hardness was significantly reduced by 92% and more. The removal of calcium ions with fine fibers led to drainage improvement, reduction of fresh water consumption, and enhanced efficiency of wet-end chemicals.

특허(特許)와 논문(論文)으로 본 폐(廢) 디스플레이 재활용(再活用) 기술(技術) 동향(動向) (Trend on Recycling Technologies for Display Wastes analysed by the Patents and Literature Review)

  • 이성규;이찬기;홍현선;조영주;조봉규
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2012
  • 디스플레이는 액정 디스플레이(LCD), 음극선관(CRT), 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널(PDP), 발광 다이오드(LED), 유기 발광 다이오드(OLED) 등 여러 종류가 있다. 경제적, 효율적 관점에서 폐 디스플레이의 재활용 기술은 폭넓게 연구되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 폐 디스플레이의 재활용 기술에 대한 특허와 논문을 분석하였다. 분석범위는 1980년~2011년까지의 미국, 유럽연합(EU), 일본, 한국의 등록/공개된 특허와 SCI 논문으로 제한하였다. 특허와 논문은 키워드를 사용하여 수집하였고, 기술의 정의에 따라 필터링하였다. 특허와 논문의 동향은 연도, 국가, 기업, 기술에 따라 분석하여 나타내었다.

전하 재활용과 전하 공유를 이용한 저전력 롬 (A Low Power ROM using Charge Recycling and Charge Sharing)

  • 양병도;김이섭
    • 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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    • 제40권7호
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    • pp.532-541
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    • 2003
  • 메모리에서의 대부분의 전력은 프리디코더 라인, 워드 라인, 그리고 비트 라인 등과 같은 커패시턴스가 큰 라인들에서 소모된다. 이 라인들에서의 전력 소모를 줄이기 위하여 전하 재활용과 전하 공유를 사용한 세 가지 기법들이 제안되었다. 이 기법들은 전하 재활용 프리디코더(charge recycling predecoder, CRPD), 전하 재활용 워드 라인 디코더(charge recycling word line decoder, CRWD), 그리고 롬을 위한 전하 공유 비트 라인(charge sharing bit line, CSBL)이다. CRPD와 CRWD는 프리디코더 라인과 워드 라인의 전하를 재활용하여 소모 전력을 반으로 줄여주고, 전하 공유 기법을 사용하는 CSBL은 롬 비트라인의 스윙 전압을 낮춤으로써 소모 전력을 크게 줄여준다. CRPD, CRWD, 그리고 CSBL의 소모 전력은 기존의 82%, 72%, 그리고 64%이다. 제안된 세 가지 기법들을 사용하는 전하 재활용 전하 공유 롬(charge recycling and charge sharing ROM, CRCS-ROM)이 0.35㎛ CMOS공정으로 제작되었다. 제작된 8K×16비트 CRCS-ROM의 코어 크기는 0.51㎟이고 3.3V 전원과 100㎒ 동작 주파수에서 8.63㎽ 을 소모하였다.

자동차 리싸이클링의 현황과 과제 (Current Status and Future Prospects for The Car Recycling System in Korea)

  • 오재현
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.3-13
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    • 2001
  • The Korean Auto industry has developed remarkably over the past 30 years. In 2000 alone, Korea produced 3.11 million vehicles, and the number of vehicles registered surpassed the ten million mark. As the number of vehicles registered in Korea has increased, yew after you, a rising number of cars have been scrapped. In 2000, a total of 455,592 automobiles were scrapped, up dramatically from only 101,158 in 1989. The system for handling of ELV(End-of-Life Vehicles) in Korea is governed by the "Motor Vehicle Control Act". The Act places the responsibility for vehicle scrapping directly on the vehicle owners. h vehicle owner can only can eel a vehicle registration after he gets a certificate from an authorized vehicle dismantler showing that his vehicle was properly scrapped according to the law. The take-back rate of ELV reaches nearly 100% in Korea. The vehicle scrapping process in Korea is very similar to those in other countries. fluids such as fuels and oils are first removed, and recyclable parts are collected and separated. Engines and transmissions are dismantled and recycled for use as raw material. Plastics, which are not easily reused, are generally treated as industrial wastes. The "Motor Vehicle Control Act" prohibits reuse of certain parts in order to guarantee the safety of the used auto parts. However, some restrictions on the reuse of auto parts have recently been eased to promote recycling. In this paper, additionally, car recycling policy of the foreign countries such as Japan, Germany and EU were reviewed.

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Study on the Mixing Behavior of Excavated Soils and Additives in the Mixing Chamber of Excavated Soil-Recycling Machine

  • Takahashi, Hiroshi;Yamanaka, Hayato;Sekino, Satoshi;Hashimoto, Hisayoshi
    • 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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    • pp.97-101
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    • 2001
  • Recently, an excavated soil-recycling machine has been receiving considerable attentions. The mobile type excavated soil-recycling machine is able to improve the soils by adding the additives such as slaked lime and cement at the construction site. However, not only the mechanical factors such as paddle inclination angle and pitch of the paddle but also the physical properties of the excavated soils affect the mixing performance of the excavated soils and additives. In this sense, experimental investigations are uneconomical and ineffective. This paper concerns with the numerical simulator to analyze the mixing behavior of excavated soils and additives in the soil-recycling machine with dual shafts in order to assist the economical and effective design of the optimum soil-recycling machine. By using the simulator, several simulations were carried out, and the effects of some mechanical parameters such as the paddle inclination angle and pitch of the paddle on the mixing performance were made clear.

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Technological and economic study of ship recycling in Egypt

  • Welaya, Yousri M.A.;Abdel Naby, Maged M.;Tadros, Mina Y.
    • International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.362-373
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    • 2012
  • The ship recycling industry is growing rapidly. It is estimated that the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) decision to phase-out single hull tankers by 2015 will result in hundreds of ships requiring disposal. At present, the ship recycling industry is predominantly based in South Asia. Due to the bad practice of current scrapping procedure, the paper will highlight the harm occurring to health, safety and environment. The efforts of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) which led to the signing of the Hong Kong International Convention are also reviewed. The criteria and standards required to reduce the risk and damage to the environment are discussed and a proposed plan for the safe scrapping of ships is then presented. A technological and economic study for the ship recycling in Egypt is carried out as a case study. This includes the ship recycling facility size and layout. The equipment and staff required to operate the facility are also evaluated. A cost analysis is then carried out. This includes site development, human resources, machineries and equipment. A fuzzy logic approach is used to assess the benefits of the ship breaking yard. The use of the fuzzy logic approach is found suitable to make decisions for the ship breaking industry. Based on given constraints, the proposed model has proved capable of assessing the profit and the internal rate of return.

시변 페이딩 이동무선채널에서 Data-Recycling 등화기에 의한 BER 성능 개선 (BER Performance Improvement of Data-Recycling Equalizer in Time-varing Fading Mobile Communication Channel)

  • Kim, Nam-Yong
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제8권6호
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    • pp.581-588
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    • 1997
  • 시변 페이딩 이동무선채널은 전송 선호의 전폭, 주파수 그리고 위상까지 랜덤하게 왜곡시키며 시간적으로 변하는 스펙트럼 null 을 가진다. 이러한 채널에 대해 위상왜곡에 민감한 성질과 느린 수렴속도를 가지는 기존의 등화기는 열악한 에러 성능을 나타낸다. 이 논문에서는, 단순하면서도 빠른 수렴속도의 Data - Recycling 알고리듬 을 위상왜곡에 강한 Fractionally Spaced 동화기(FSE) 구조에 적용하였으며 시변 이동통신 페이딩 채널에 대 해 다른 기존의 둥화기들과 비교하여 그 성능을 평가하였다. 그 결과 Data-Recycling FSE는 시변 이동통신채널의 특성을 빠르게 추적하는 능력과 위상왜곡에 대한 효과적인 보상능력으로 상당한 BER 성능개선을 나타내었다.

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폐가공송전선 Al선재 재활용 기술개발 (The Recycling Technology for Aged Aluminum Wire in Overhead Conductor)

  • 김상수;구재관;이영호;김병걸
    • 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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    • 제26권7호
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    • pp.555-562
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    • 2013
  • The new recycling technology for aged aluminum wires in overhead conductor has been carried out. The authors are attempting to develop remanufacturing method for them for more effective way of recycling in stead of its conventional remelting process. The new recycling technology for aged aluminum wire in overhead conductor was composed of four steps in different develop process, destranding process for conductor, surface cleaning process, welding process and drawing process for aluminum wire. This paper investigates the properties during recycle process of aged aluminum wire. The results of microscopic analysis and mechanical properties were discussed to underscore recycling aluminum wire. Various graphs are presented accompanied by discussion about their relevance on the process. In conclusion, we confirmed the possibility of remanufacturing technique by using new process.

스틸 폐캔 再活用방법과 自動化 처리장치 (A Process for Recycling of Used Steel Can and Automatic Treatment System)

  • 박형규
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 2000
  • 본고는 스틸 폐캔을 재생 스틸로 용해시 금속 회수율을 높이기 위하여 스틸 폐캔을 예비처리하는 방법과 연속적으로 처리하기위한 자동화 장치에 관한 국내 개발 기술사례이다. 본 개발기술은 스틸 폐캔 더미의 와해, 이물질제거, 알루미늄 폐캔 분리, 도료와 락카제거 등의 예비처리 공정들과, 락카제거된 스틸 폐캔들을 다시 압착하여 일정한 크기의 더미로 제조하는 공정으로 구성되어 있으며, 스틸 폐캔 용해시에 적합한 형태로 처리하는 것을 최종목표로 하였다. 또한, 락카 제거시에 부산물로 발생된 철분과 알루미늄 분말 혼합물을 자력선별기를 사용하여 분리 회수하였다. 이와 같은 일련의 처리를 통해서 제강공장에서 재활용하기에 적합한 형태로 스틸 폐캔을 처리할 수 있으며, 전 공정을 자동화시킴으로써 대량의 스틸 폐캔을 효과적으로 처리할 수 있다.

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신발의 재활용을 고려한 비즈니스 모델 (Business Models Considering Recycling of Footwear)

  • 송현수;문광섭;목학수
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.105-111
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    • 2017
  • 본 논문에서는 신발의 잔존수명이 존재함에도 불구하고 매립 및 소각되고 있는 신발의 재활용이 가능한 비즈니스 모델을 제안하기 위해 모델의 구성요소를 도출하고 비즈니스 모델 프레임 워크를 구축한다. 도출된 요소와 프레임워크를 토대로 제시한 비즈니스 모델은 신발 산업의 새로운 비즈니스 영역을 구축할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며 소비자의 가계부담을 최소화 함과 동시에 매립 및 소각으로 인한 환경오염을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.