• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2022

In this study, silkworms fed Cudrania tricuspidata leaves were powdered, and hydrolytic enzymes, including viscozyme, papain, and flavourzyme, were added to verify the functionality of the different mixtures. In the general component analysis, the C. tricuspidata silkworm (CS) group exhibited higher crude protein and ash content than did the other groups, and the enzyme-treated groups exhibited higher carbohydrate content than the CS group. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were significantly higher in the CS treated with viscozyme (CSV) and the CS treated with viscozyme/flavourzyme (CSVF) than in the other groups, with the CSV group showing the highest reducing power. ACE inhibitory activity was significantly higher in the CS treated with visocozyme/papain (CSVP) than in the CS group. In conclusion, rather than using powdered silkworms fed C. tricuspidata leaves, it would be more effective to use hydrolysates from C. tricuspidata silkworms as raw materials for functional foods.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2023

Objectives : Gumiganghwal-tang and its main components have been used for treatment of cough, headache, joint pain and fever. Using a respiratory inflammatory model, we intend to demonstrate the its anti-inflammatory effect and immune mechanism of Gumiganghwal-tang. Methods : We induced the respiratory inflammation mouse model by papain treatment. Female BALB/C mice (8 weeks old) were divided into three groups as follows: saline control group, papain treatment group (vehicle), papain and Gumiganghwal-tang (200 mg/kg) treatment group (n=4). To verify the anti-inflammatory effect of Gumiganghwal-tang extracts, we measured the infiltration of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and nasal lavage fluid (NALF). Additionally, the efficacy of Gumiganghwal-tang extracts on Th2 cell population and alveolar macrophage in lung were analyzed by using flow cytometry. Results : Gumiganghwal-tang extracts administration decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in BALF and NALF, especially of eosinophils. Furthermore, interleukin-5 level was reduced in lung by drug administration. Interestingly, Gumiganghwal-tang extracts treatment also decreased the Th2 cell (CD4⁺GATA3⁺) population and increased the alveolar macrophage (CD11b⁺CD11c⁺) population in lung. Conclusions : Our findings indicate that Gumiganghwal-tang extracts have anti-inflammatory effects by mediating Th2 cell and alveolar macrophage cell activation.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 1986

생사 및 견직물에 대한 효소정련방법을 구명하기 위한 시험 결과 1. 각종 효소정련조건이 정련효율에 비치는 영향에 있어서 정련온도 및 정련용의 산도는 Papain 7$0^{\circ}C$, pH 5-6, Trypsin 4$0^{\circ}C$ pH 8, Alkalase 50-6$0^{\circ}C$, pH 8-9에서 각각 정련효율이 가장 높았다. 2. Alkalase 처리농도가 생사의 정련효율에 미치는 영향에 있어서 처리농도가 0.6-1.0g/l 범위에서 높이면 정련시간을 단축시킬 수 있다. 3. 생사의 Alkalase정련에 있어서 정련전처리(95$^{\circ}C$, 10분 1g/l NaHCO3) 또는 정련후처리(2%, o.w.f. sodium silicate, 8$0^{\circ}C$, 20분)를 행하면 정련효율을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 4. 효소정련견사의 강력(g/d), 신도 및 라우지네스 성적은 비누 정련견사에 비하여 향상되는 경향이었다. 5. Alkalase에 의한 효소정련에 있어서 생견직물의 조련정도가 정련효율에 미치는 영향은 조련연감율이 높을수록 효소정련효율이 높았으며 205 이상에서는 하부다에 및 크\ulcorner데신 모두 완전한 정련이 가능하였다. 6. 조련연감율을 20%로 한 견포에 대하여 3종의 효소정련을 실시한 경우 Papain 및 Trypsin 정련구는 Alkalase 정련구에 비하여 정련효율이 저하되었다. 7. 효소정련견포의 강건도는 크\ulcorner데신의 경우 1.27cm로서 대조인 비누소오다 정련견포 1.53cm에 비하여 17% 저하되었고 Drape 계수는 0.297로서 비누소오다 정련견포의 0.321에 비하여 7% 감소됨으로서 유건한 촉감이 향상되었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.527-530
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• 2000

중국산 야생키위로 total RNA를 추출하고 RT-PCR를 실시해서 증폭된 1.2kb fragment를 얻어 pGEM-T Easy에 cloning한 후 염기서열과 아미노산 서열을 비교 분석한 결과 actinidin gene인 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.188-190
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• 1998

Penicillide, having a 5H, 7H-dibenzo［b,g］［1,5］ dioxocin-5-one skeleton, was isolated from the culture broth of Penicillium sp. F60760 as a nonpeptide inhibitor of calpain, a calcium-activated papain-like protease. The $IC_50$ value for the effect of penicillide against m-calpaln was $7.1{\mu}M$. However, penicillide did not inhibit papain at a concentration of $200{\mu}M$. These results suggest that penicillide is a new class of nonpeptide calpain inhibitor having an eight membered lactone ring.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.87-96
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of hydrolysis by proteolytic enzymes on the functional properties of sesame protein concentrate. Sesame protein concentrate was hydrolyzed with papain, pepsin and trypsin to obtain 10% and 20% degree of hydrolysis. The nirogen solubility in water was increased with increasing the degree of hydrolysis. Bulk density was increased by enzymatic hydrolysis but water absorption capacity was increased only in the case of pepsin-hydrolyzed SPC. Higher fat absorption capacity was found in SPC with 10% DH than SPC with 20% DH. Emulsifying activity was also increased by enzymatic hydrolysis except SPC with 10% DH by papain.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1987

For the manufacture of soybean cheese, curds were made from soy milk using either lactic starter or CaCl$_2$and ripened for 3 weeks. When papain was added during ripening, the amout of soluble protein increased. The yields of 3 soybean cheese were 76~88%, indicating that considerable loss of soy protein did not occur during the processing. During the period of ripening the change of moisture content was about 1 n. Total acidity of 3 soy cheese increased, demonstrating the production of lactic acid through lactic fermentation. Texture determined by Instron showed that 3 soy cheese had their own characteristic texture profile curve and that the cheese without papain treatment received the highest textural parameters. 3 manufactured soy cheese received 3-4 (good-very good) sensory scores in appearance, flavor and texture. General acceptibility of 3 cheese were evaluated as desirable or very desirable.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2006

Protease inhibitor of 72.6 kDa was successively purified from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) eggs by ion exchange, gel permeation, and affinity chromatographies. Protease inhibitor was purified with yield and purification fold of 1.50% and 58.11, respectively. SDS-PAGE results showed purified protease inhibitor consisted of two protein subunits of 54.0 and 18.6 kDa. Chum salmon inhibitor exhibited stability between 20 and $40^{\circ}C$ in weak acid environment (PH 6), and inhibited papain and cathepsin, members of cysteine protease, but not chymotrypsin. The protein inhibited cathepsin more effectively than did egg white protease inhibitor, whereas the reverse was true for papain. These results indicate chum salmon egg inhibitor is heterodimer, thus the inhibitor was classified as cysteine protease inhibitor.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2000

Development of stabilized enzyme was attempted for cosmetic applications. Papain, a proteolytic enzyme, was stabilized through conjugation with a soluble carbohydrate biopolymer, SC-glucan$^{TM}$ . With a novel structure of the conjugation site, stability of the enzyme was significantly enhanced such that more than 90% of the initial activity retained after a month storage at 45$^{\circ}C$, while no activity were detected in native enzyme or enzyme simply mixed with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ after the storage. Conjugation with SC-glucan$^{TM}$ not only extended the half-life of the enzyme on storage at higher temperature, but was also found to protect enzymes against some components contained in cosmetic products for skin care. Cosmetic lotion containing 1 % papain conjugate was more effective and less irritative in exfoliating stratum corneum of human skin than the lotion containing 5% lactic acid, one of the current popular exfoliating agents.gents.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.33-52
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• 2012

To evaluate the efficacy of Keonkangbujatang (KKBT) in osteoarthritis treatments, C57BL/10 mice were treated with papain to induce osteoarthritis, and anti-arthritic effects were measured. To ensure safety of the KKBT sample, ALT, AST, BUN, and creatinine levels were measured, and they were all within the normal range. Based on the fact that suppression of inflammatory cytokines leads to the improvement of arthritis, IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, and MCP-1 production levels were measured. The cytokines were significantly decreased in serum. Also, mRNA levels of IL-1b, IL-6, and iNOS-II were significantly decreased in joint tissues. PGE2, a usual inflammation vector, and LTB4, TXB2, that are involved in the onset and deterioration of inflammation, were all significantly decreased. The levels of white blood cells, neutrophiles, and mononucleophiles also decreased, although the numbers were not significantly large. I*mmune-modulation of KKBT in the pathological mechanism of cartilage deterioration by inflammatory cells and their vectors was proved. This study should provide basis for the development of effective therapeutics as well as use in clinical practice.