• ETRI Journal
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.574-584
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• 2019

A new Mirai variant found recently was equipped with a dynamic update ability, which increases the level of difficulty for DDoS mitigation. Continuous development of 5G technology and an increasing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the network pose serious threats to cyber security. Therefore, researchers have tried to develop better DDoS mitigation systems. However, the majority of the existing models provide centralized solutions either by deploying the system with additional servers at the host site, on the cloud, or at third party locations, which may cause latency. Since Internet service providers (ISP) are links between the internet and users, deploying the defense system within the ISP domain is the panacea for delivering an efficient solution. To cope with the dynamic nature of the new DDoS attacks, we utilized an unsupervised artificial neural network to develop a hierarchical two-layered self-organizing map equipped with a twofold feature selection for DDoS mitigation within the ISP domain.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.95-106
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• 2023

This informative piece delves into the intriguing and crucial history of third-party funding in Nigeria and its application in the Arbitration and Mediation Act of 2023. The article analyses the impact of this funding on cross-border transactions while addressing concerns about mandatory disclosure. The absence of remedies or sanctions for non-disclosure is also a matter of concern that warrants thoughtful examination. The article looks closer at the role of courts, tribunals, and arbitral institutions in addressing gaps in the Act. Ultimately, it presents a well-considered set of recommendations for moving forward. Overall, this piece provides a comprehensive and insightful look into the intricate world of third-party funding and its significance within the Nigerian legal system.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.417-425
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• 1994

Although animal studies have been used most often for quantitative risk assessment, it is generally recognized that well-conducted epidemiologic studies would provide the best basis for estimating human risk. However, there are several features related to the design and analysis of epidemiologic studies that frequently limit their usefulness for quantitating risks. The lack of accurate information on exposure in epidemiologic studies is perhaps the most frequently cited limitation of these studies for risk assessment. However. other features of epidemiologic study design, such as statistical power, length of follow-up, confounding, and effect modification, may also limit the inferences that can be drawn from these studies. Furthermore, even when the aforementioned limitations are overcome, substantial uncertainty exists concerning the choice of an appropriate statistical (or biologic) model for extrapolation beyond the range of exposures observed in a particular study. This paper focuses on presenting a review and discussion of the methodologic issues involved in using epidemiologic studies for risk assessment. This review concentrates on the use of retrospective, cohort, mortality studies of occupational groups for assessing cancer risk because this is the most common application of epidemiologic data for quantitative risk assessment (QRA). Epidemiologic data should not be viewed as a panacea for the problems inherent in using animal bioassay data for QRA. Rather, information that can be derived from epidemiologic and toxicologic studies complement one another, and both data sources need to be used to provide the best characterization of human risk.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

Because the effort to solve space shortage in academic libraries has never been successful, the rapid development of digital technology is being considered as a panacea to revolutionize analog libraries and to open a new era for digital libraries. However, this technology is yet to be perfected. Even with the use of digital technology, we are currently still looking for more space to accommodate newly printed materials and at the same time store valuable resources that are seldomly used. In 1985, Harvard adopted the industrial high-density shelving system into their library. No other retrieving system has proven to be more successful as the Harvard model. Presently, more than 50 colleges have built over 70 high-density library storage facilities. Rice University Library Service Center (RLSC) can be examined as an example of the Harvard-model. This paper will focus on assessing the operating system and architectural requirements of the RLSC which may allow for a more efficient, economical, and fundamental resolution to the library space shortage problem.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.108-114
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• 2014

Male factors account for 20%-50% of cases of infertility and in 25% of cases, the etiology of male infertility is unknown. Effective treatments are well-established for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, male accessory gland infection, retrograde ejaculation, and positive antisperm antibody. However, the appropriate treatment for idiopathic male infertility is unclear. Empirical medical treatment (EMT) has been used in men with idiopathic infertility and can be divided into two categories based on the mode of action: hormonal treatment and antioxidant supplementation. Hormonal medications consist of gonadotropins, androgens, estrogen receptor blockers, and aromatase inhibitors. Antioxidants such as vitamins, zinc, and carnitines have also been widely used to reduce oxidative stress-induced spermatozoa damage. Although scientifically acceptable evidence of EMT is limited because of the lack of large, randomized, controlled studies, recent systematic reviews with meta-analyses have shown that the administration of gonadotropins, anti-estrogens, and oral antioxidants results in a significant increase in the live birth rate compared with control treatments. Therefore, all physicians who treat infertility should bear in mind that EMT can improve semen parameters and subsequent fertility potential through natural intercourse.

• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.6
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• 2020

Since times immemorial, people have been dependant on plants for the various nutritional and pharamacological properties. Folk and traditional medicine recognizes thousands of plant species having miraculous benefits. Fig (Ficus carica Linn.) has been part of folk-lore since centuries. Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) is a huge deciduous tree, with more than 800 species. Different parts of Ficus carica like bark, root, leaves, fruit and latex have their own valuable importance and are frequently used for the treatment of various illnesses. Fruit of Ficus carica is commonly called as fig (anjeer) has various medicinal properties used in Unani, Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional system of medicines. Fig fruit is mostly used in gastro intestinal and respiratory disorders. In Unani medicine, fig is used as a diuretic, mild laxative and expectorant. Phytochemical studies on the leaves and fruits of the plant have shown that they are rich in Phenolics, Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Alkaloids, Saponins, Coumarins, tannins, organic acids, and volatile compounds due to which it is having great antioxidant property. Most interesting therapeutic effects include hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial and hypolipidemic activities.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.17-44
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• 1995

The changing business environment requires that firms reengineer their fundamental processes in order to retain their competitive advantage. Most Business Proess Reengineering (BPR) projects, however, have failed partly because the essential enabler, ie. information technology, was unable to perpetuate the original vision. The information systems were unable to support the collaboration among the workers participating in the process. Workflow Management Systems (WfMS) have the potential to enhance not only individual performance as did traditional information systems, but also the group performance essential to the success of BPR by providing an effective means of communications through connectivity. It also enhances productivitiy through proceduralization of the fundamental processes, thus making it possible to empower the employee even while it controls the flow, and ultimately the delaly that originally made the BPR effort necessary. Therefore, though it is not a panacea, WfMS's can improve chances for the success of BPR projects. Managers who have realized this are faced with another obstacle - that of selecting the WfMS that best meets the particular organization's needs. This paper provids an evaluation structure of WfMS functions with emphasis on those functions that are essential for BPR, classifying the functions into an attribute hierarchy according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. It also suggests specific evaluation criteria for the main workflow functions provided by most vendors today, thus providing managers with a comprehensive guideline to facilitate the decision process.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2001

Though the bamboo salt, called as "JUKYUM" has been widely used in Korea as panacea, it's toxicity were not screened completely. To investigate the toxicity of bamboo salt, we compared with the toxicity of crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl by performing single dose oral toxicity test in SD rats. Crude salt, natural sun-dried salt (crude salt) production, was purchased from the western seashore of Korean peninsular, and reagent-grade NaCl was purchased from Sigma company. Results of the single dose oral toxicity tests on bamboo salt, crude salt and reagent-grade NaCl to SD rats are as follows, $LD_{50}$ of bamboo salt was 4174mg/kg (male) and 4074mg/kg (female), that of crude salt was 4871mg/kg (male) and 4898mg/kg (female) and that of reagent-grade NaCl was 4247mg/kg (male) and 4025mg/kg (female), respectively. There were little differences in clinical signs and gross legions among groups. Finding of gross autopsy and necropsy of bamboo salt treated group were similar to other groups.er groups.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

Plants have developed a sophisticated battery of defence responses to protect themselves against attempted pathogen ingress. Manipulation of these defence mechanisms may provide significant opportunities for crop improvement. While plant resistance genes have had a long service history in plant breeding, they possess significant limitations. Recent advances are now providing significant insights into strategies designed to increase the field durability of this class of genes. Hypersensitive cell death is a common feature underlying the deployment of plant defence responses against biographic pathogens. In contrast, necrotrophic pathogens actively kill plant cells. Recently, transgenic plants have been developed that either promote or suppress cell death, providing resistance against either biotrophic or necrotrophic pathogens respectively. Methyl-jasmonate is a key signalling molecule in the establishment of resistance against some fungal pathogens. Increasing the concentration of this molecule in plant cells has been shown to increase resistance against Botrytis cineria, without significantly imparting plant growth or development. Due to the multifarious infection strategies employed by plant pathogens, how-ever, it is unlikely a single commercial product will prove a panacea for global disease control. Future stategies will more likely entail an integrated disease management approach.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 1996

Ginseng has been used as miraculous panacea since ancient times in oriental countries. In spite of voluminous work, ginseng still remains mysterious herb, but its value is becoming more recognized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of Panax ginseng on wound healing using two experimental methods. First, we studied the effect of ginseng on artificial wound of cultured human keratinocyte monolayer. Indivisual components from ginseng (ginsenoside Rb2, Rc, Re, Rg1, and panasenoside) and giseng extrats were examined. Of them, compared with control, ginsenoside Rb2 and Rg1 needed much shorter time to recover original appearance of momolayer. Second, we investigated the effect of ginseng on acute injury on dorsal skin of hairless mice. We here observed that ginseng has prominent effect than Madecasol(asiaticoside), a well known wound healing agent. These results were deduced that ginseng promoted wound healing in the wound region due to its stimulation of biosynthesis of various endogeneous materials that have relation to wound healing. Furthermore, we conformed that ginsenoside Rg1 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity on rat paw edema induced by carageenan. These results suggest that Panax ginseng C.A Meyer can be used in the cosmetics in that its wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects.