• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cervical deep muscle flexion exercise (CCFE) on craniovertebral angle, pain, and neck disability for patients with chronic neck pain Methods: The subjects of this study were randomly divided into three groups of 30 patients with chronic neck pain: rectus abodominis functional massage (n=10), cervical deep muscle flexion exercises group (n=10), and the control group(n=10). To assess visual analog scale (VAS) was used to test the neck pain, To assess neck posture was used to craniovertebral angle, VAS was used to test the neck pain, neck disability index (NDI) was used to test the neck dysfunction. All measurements were performed before and after each intervention was applied 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Results: In the results of all measurements, 2 groups except for the control group showed a significant change in the recovery of posture, neck pain, neck disability index (p<.05). Conclusions: Our results of this study showed that applying cervical deep muscle flexion exercise and rectus abodominis functional massage to patients with chronic neck pain improved cervical posture, neck pain, neck disability.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.15-20
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• 2001

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of CF herbal acupuncture for low back pain by Oswestry Disability Index Methods: Ten patients with back pain were selected and CF herbal acupuncture was administered one time per 5 days after admission. The degree of improvement was evaluated by Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue scale(VAS). Oswestry Disability Index consisted of eleven items and they were scored as 5 or 6 points per one item. Results: All of the 10 patients, after CF herbal acupuncture, showed decreased score by Oswestry Disability Index and VAS. It means that the patient's satisfaction increased after treatment. Conclusion: These results suggest that the CF herbal acupuncture was effective for low back pain

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the functional category, the item structure and the model-data fit of the neck disability index (NDI) of neck pain subjects by performing a Rasch rating scale analysis. Methods: The data was obtained from the assessments of 71 college students (males: 27, females: 44) with neck pain. The data of the NDI was applied to the Rasch's rating scale model to estimate the difficulty of items, the goodness-of-fit of each item, the separation reliability and index, and the rating scale. Results: The 'sleep' item showed misfit and nine items were founds to be fits for self-reporting of disability due to neck pain. The most difficult item of the remaining 9 items was 'work' and the easiest item was 'headache'. The transformation formula score=(logit score+7.10)/(7.10+0.11)$\times$100. The 6 response levels of the NDI were validated according to the structure of the rating scale. The item and subject reliability of the separation reliability was 0.97 and 0.85, respectively. Conclusion: We proved that the NDI for self-reporting of disability of daily activities due to mild neck pain was valid and reliable. This study suggests that individuals with mild neck pain may be assessed by using the modified NDI that does not include the 'sleep' item in the 10 items of NDI.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.324-329
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• 2000

Objective : Psychological factors may have a major influence on the outcome of treatment for back pain. We investigated the relationship between the outcome and some psychological factors, such as self-reported pain intensity, disability, sleep disturbance and fatigue. Method : The study was conducted as a survey using a questionnaire and telephone interviews. The survey included consecutive 294 patients who visited the neurosurgical out-patient department complaining of low back pain and contacted by telephone on average seven months after the first visit. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale, and disability was assessed by Waddell's chronic disability index. Results : The outcome of treatment for back pain was recovered in 36.7%, improved in 30.6%, almost same in 28.6%, and aggravated in 4.1%. Overall rate of improvement was 67.3%. The rate of improvement was related to the duration, patterns and intensity of the symptom, and Waddell index. It was not influenced by the doctors, special studies, and methods of treatment. When the duration was more than 6 months, there were the symptoms of both back and legs, and the self-reported Waddell index was 1-3, the rate of improvement was relatively low. Although the intensity of the pain and disability was closely related to the degree of sleep disturbance, fatigue, appetite, or indigestion, the outcome of treatment for back pain was not always bad in patients with high psychological stress. Actually the outcome of the patients who complained severe pain and disability was better than the outcome of the others. Conclusion : The outcome of the back pain can be predicted by the duration, patterns and intensity of the symptom, and Waddell index. The multidisciplinary treatment will be necessary for the patients whose expected outcome is not good to reduce not only the physical symptoms but also the psychological stress.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hamstring eccentric exercise on pain and functional activity in patients with chronic low back pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: Participants comprised 27 subjects with back pain persisting for 3 months. They were randomly assigned to the experimental group (Eccentric exercise: n=13) and the control group (Stretching: n=14). The experimental group performed gastrocnemius, iliopsoas, and quadratus lumborum stretching along with hamstring eccentric exercise, while the control group engaged in the same stretches along with hamstring stretching. The eccentric exercise for the hamstrings was Nordic curl exercise. Each group practiced for 1 hour a day, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks. Pain, disability index, balance, and hamstring length were measured. Results: Significant differences were observed in the comparison of changes in back pain, back disability index, and hamstring length before and after exercise within each group (p<0.05). The balance ability of the experimental group showed a difference before and after exercise (p<0.05), whereas no significant difference in the control group. There were no significant differences in back pain and hamstring length between the groups. Changes in back disability index and balance ability significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Hamstring eccentric exercise using Nordic curls has a positive effect on back pain, back disability index, balance ability, and hamstring length changes.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of a early exercise program on the pain, disability and balance after single-level lumbar discectomy. Methods: Forty patients were randomized into experimental(N=20) and control(N=20) groups. Three days after surgery, patients in the experimental group undertook a 4-week exercise program. Assessments were performed in all patients during the week before surgery and at 4 weeks after. The assessment included measures of back and leg pain(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI), stability index(SI) and weight distribution index(WDI). Results: At 4 weeks, VAS, ODI, SI, WDI were significantly reduced in both groups(p<.01). Also the experimental group was significantly reduced back and leg pain(VAS), ODI and WDI were better than the control group(p<.05). Conclusion: It seems that early exercise program is more effective in patients who undergo single-level lumbar discectomy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to compare the effects of spinal manipulation combined with medication on low back pain (LBP), range of motion, and disability in patients with chronic LBP. Methods : Twenty patients with chronic LBP were included in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to the spinal manipulation with medication group (n=10) or the medication only group (n=10). The intervention group received spinal manipulation for 15 minutes, twice a week, and took medication twice a day for eight weeks. The control group received the medication twice daily for eight weeks. Pain intensity assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), range of motion, and disability due to LBP assessed using the Oswestry disability index were measured before and after the intervention. Results : The intervention group showed a significant improvement in pain intensity compared to the control group (p<.05), and the intervention and control groups significantly improved low back pain after the intervention (p<.05). The intervention group showed a significant improvement in the range of motion in flexion, extension, right lateral flexion, left lateral flexion, and right rotation (p<.05). The intervention group also showed a significant improvement in the change of disability in total score, pain intensity, personal care, lifting and standing compared to the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : This study showed that the combination of spinal manipulation and medication can benefit patients with chronic LBP, as evidenced by significant improvements in pain intensity, ROM, and disability. These findings suggest that utilizing both spinal manipulation and medication can positively affect individuals with chronic LBP. The results of this study should be applied in clinical settings to optimize treatment outcomes in patients with chronic LBP.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.225-234
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• 2021

Objective: We aimed to identify the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: In total, 45 patients with chronic low back pain were randomly divided into a conventional stretching group (n=22) and a PNF stretching group (n=23). Both interventions were performed three times per week for 6 weeks. Assessments were made using the visual analog scale, Flexion-Abduction-External Rotation test, modified Thomas test, prone hip extension test, and Oswestry disability index before and after the 6-week intervention period. We conducted a paired t-test to compare the within-group findings before and after the intervention. An independent t-test was used to compare the between-group differences. The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05, for all variables. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability after the intervention (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients belonging to the PNF stretching group (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the application of PNF stretching can effectively reduce pain and improve hip range of motion and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-113
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effect of stabilization exercise with abdominal breath on Balance and Oswestry Disability Index for Low Back Pain Patients. METHODS: The subjects were 18 low back pain patients in their twenties. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. Control group and experimental group both participated in 30 minutes of stabilization exercise for 8 weeks(5 times/week), and experimental group participated in stabilization exercise with abdominal breath. The subjects were tested balance and pain using BioRescue and Oswestry Diability Index respectively, before and after intervention. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a statistical significance in movement areas of the body's center(p<.05), but there was no significant differences between groups (p>.05). The experimental group showed a statistical significance in movement distances of the body's center with eyes open(p<.05), and there was significant differences between groups(p<.05). Both groups showed a statistical significance in ODI between pre and post test(p<.05) but there was no significant differences between groups(p>.05). CONCLUSION: As a result, the group participating in stabilization exercise with abdominal breath had a more effective improvement than the control group. Therefore, the stabilization exercise with abdominal breath may be used improving balance and pain in low back pain patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-137
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• 2003

A single subject experimental design (alternating treatment design) was used to compare the effects of only ultrasound and ultrasound combined with stretching of the joint capsule on the ROM increase and pain reduction in patients with frozen shoulder. Two subjects were included in each group. In the only ultrasound treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint in supine position. In the ultrasound combined with stretching treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint positioned in external rotation and abduction in sitting position. Only ultrasound treatment and ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were alternately performed on each patient. Pain and disability was measured by shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), and range of motion (ROM) was measured by scratch test. The results of this study showed that ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were more effective than only ultrasound treatment in ROM increase and pain reduction. However, disability score was not significantly different.