• 공업화학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.341-348
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• 1992

PVC에 acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBR), 가교제, 가소제를 첨가하여 블렌딩하고 난 다음 방사선 조사하여 이들의 겔화율, 신장률, 열변형률 및 열수축 특성을 검토하였다. 가교제의 종류에 따른 겔화율은 단위중량당 불포화도가 높은 가교제일수록 컸으며, PVC에 NBR을 혼합하면 가교제나 가소제의 종류에 관계없이 NBR을 혼합하지 않은 것에 비해 월등히 향상되었다. 겔화율과 열변형률과의 관계에서 겔화율은 방사선 조사량의 증가에 따라 증가하였고 열변형률은 현격히 감소하였다. 열수축률은 연신온도가 낮을수록 또한 annealing 온도가 높을수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2023

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and has been considered as a substitute for continuous power supply due to its high performance, simple structure and eco-friendliness. Recently, it is important to develop a TENG using a non-toxic material in order to use it as a power source for wearable, attachable, and body-embeddable electronics. Here, we developed a human friendly TENG using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel containing acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), a non-toxic plasticizer. PVC gels were fabricated using various ratios of PVC and ATBC, and optimized by investigating dielectric properties, surface potential, output performance, and durability. The PVC gel based TENG generates output signals of 73 V and 4.3 μA, i.e., a 5-fold enhancement in the output power compared to pristine PVC-based TENG. In addition, the PVC gel can be stretched over 500% of strain. This study is expected to be helpful in the future development of non-toxic wearable TENG.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

Mesoporous titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) thin films were prepared using poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVC-g-PVP) as a templating agent via sol-gel process. Grafting of PVC chains from PVC backbone was done by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The successful grafting of PVP to synthesize PVC-g-PVP was checked by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The carbonyl group interaction of PVC-g-PVP graft copolymer with $TiO_2$ was confirmed by FT-IR. The porous morphologies of the $TiO_2$ films genereated after calcination at $450^{\circ}C$ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mesoporous $TiO_2$ films with 580 nm in thickness were used as a photoelectrode for solid state dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and showed an energy conversion efficiency of 1.05% at 100 $mW/cm^2$.

• 분석과학
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2024

As polymers became very important in our lives, their negative impact on general health and the environment raised a serious issue. Here, enhancing their life term is presented as a compromise solution between the need and harm. In the study, six PVC films, the plain and five filled with improvers, underwent radiation exposure for 300 hours at room temperature to investigate their photodegradation rates. The modified films were embedded with organotin(IV) complex derivatives (Ph₃SnL, Ph₂SnL₂, Bu₃SnL, Bu₂SnL₂, and Me₂SnL₂ (where L is levofloxacin)), and their effectiveness was evaluated. The PVC films were compared before and after exposure to various tests including UV-Vis spectroscopy, gel content analysis, theoretical calculations, and EDX microscopy. Findings indicated that the presence of organotin(IV) complex derivatives, particularly Ph3SnL, notably decreased UV light absorbance and the amount of gel content in PVC sheets in comparison to untreated PVC. Furthermore, EDX analysis showed that the PVC-Ph₃SnL blend exposed to radiation exhibited the highest chlorine content, reaching 30 %. This blend demonstrated superior efficacy in stabilizing the polymeric materials.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2009

Organic-inorganic hybrid sol-gel matrices were used as hosts for chloro (5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylporphyrinato) cobalt (III) (Co[TPP]Cl), a known ionophore for nitrite. The sol-gel precursor was prepared by the reaction of (3-isocyanopropyl) triethoxysilane with 1,4-butanediol. An appropriate amount of the anion-exchanger, tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (TDMAC) and the plasticizer, tributylphosphate (DBP) were used as membrane additives. On mixing with an acidic catalyst, the sol-state precursors slowly gelled, yielding a membrane in which the active components, Co[TPP]Cl and TDMAC, were encapsulated. The performances of the sol-gel membrane-based electrodes were compared to those of Co[TPP]Cl-based poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrodes. Membranes with a molar ratio of Co[TPP]Cl: TDMAC (1 : 0.1) showed reasonable response slopes toward nitrite. The response slopes were typically 53 mV/decade between $10^{-5.4}$ and $10^{-1.0}\;M$. Selectivities toward nitrite over hydrophilic and small anions such as chloride were somewhat inferior to those observed with PVC-based membranes, but selectivities over lipophilic anions were quite similar. Reduced asymmetry potentials due to protein adsorption were found to occur with the sol-gel matrix relative to PVC-based films when the sensors were employed as a detector in flow-through configuration.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.615-618
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• 2011

탄소나노튜브(CNT)는 뛰어난 전기적, 물리적인 특성으로 인해 차세대 소재로서 관심을 끌어 왔다. 그러나 탄소나노튜브들 사이에는 본질적으로 강한 소수성 상호작용이 내재하여 불규칙한 결합체를 생성하기 때문에 다양한 분야로의 응용이 어려웠다. 본 연구에서는 양친성 가지형 공중합체, poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(oxyethylene methacrylate), PVC-g-POEM를 합성하였고 극성 용매에서 단일벽 탄소나노튜브를 분산시킬 수 있는 용이한 방법을 제시하였다. PVC-g-POEM는 원자전달 라디칼중합(ATRP)으로 중합되었고 gel permeation chromatography(GPC)와 $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy를 통해 성공적인 합성되었음을 확인하였다. 단일벽 탄소나노튜브는 분산제인 PVC-g-POEM와의 친화력으로 인해 극성 용매 dimethylsiloxane(DMSO)에서 균일하게 분산되었으며 transmission electron microscopy(TEM) 분석으로 단일벽 탄소나노튜브와 PVC-g-POEM의 상호작용으로 생성된 나노복합체의 분산 형태를 관찰하였다. 또한 용매증발 과정을 거쳐 우수한 균질성을 보이는 free-standing 나노복합체 막을 제조하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3508-3508
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• 2012

• 멤브레인
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2011

원자전달 라디칼 중합(ATRP)에 의해 poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) 주사슬과 poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) 곁사슬로 되어있는 양쪽성 PVC-g-PSSA 가지형 공중합체를 합성하였다. PVC-g-PSSA 가지형 공중합체 고분자를 템플레이트로 사용하고 졸겔법을 적용하여, 결정성 아타네제상의 미세기공 이산화티타튬 필름을 제조하였다. $TiO_2$ 전구체인 TTIP를 친수성인 PSSA 영역과 선택적으로 작용시켜 $TiO_2$ 메조기공 필름을 성장하였으며, 이를 주사전자 현미경 (SEM)과 엑스레이회절 (XRD)분석을 통해 분석하였다. 스핀코팅 횟수와 P25 도입에 따른 염료감응 태양전지 성능을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 준고체 고분자 전해질을 이용하였을 때, 100 mW/$cm^2$ 조건에서 에너지 변환 효율이 2.7%에 이르렀다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2014

A graft copolymer of poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (PVC-g-POEM) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and used as a structure-directing agent to prepare $Al@Fe_2O_3$ core-shell nanocomposites through a sol-gel process. The amphiphilic property of PVC-g-POEM allows for good dispersion of Al particles and leads to specific interaction with iron ethoxide, a precursor of $Fe_2O_3$. Secondary bonding interaction in the sol-gel composites was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The well-organized morphology of $Al@Fe_2O_3$ core-shell nanocomposites was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the elemental composition and crystallization structure of the composites.

• 센서학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.243-253
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• 1998

전해질 센서 감지막으로 사용되어 온 PVC 감지막은 센서 표면과의 낮은 부착력으로 인하여 센서 수명을 단축시켰고, 감지막의 규격화와 양산화가 어려웠다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 감지막 용액은 중성 캐리어(ionophore), 고분자 지지체(TEOS:DEDMS=1:3), 용매(에탄올) 그리고 촉매(염산)들을 혼합하여 sol-gel 방법으로 제조하였다. 그리고 감광성 고분자물질(THB30)로 만들어진 마이크로풀(micropool)내에 리프트-오프(lift-off) 기법으로 감지막을 형성하였다. 제작된 전해질 센서는 MISFET(metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor)의 전형적인 전기적 특성을 보였다. K-, Ca-, Na-ISFET은 넓은 농도범위에서 각각 53, 25, 50 mV/decade의 감도를 보였다. 감응시간은 약 90초이며 드리프트는 약 0.05 mV/hour였다. Sol-gel 법과 리프트-오프 기법은 감지감 형성에 적용될 수 있었으며, 센서의 규격화와 양산화를 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.