• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.320-329
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• 2016

An implicit method of solving the six degree-of-freedom rigid body motion equations based on the second order Adams-Bashforth-Moulten method was utilised as an improvement over the leapfrog scheme by making modifications to the rigid body motion solver libraries directly. The implementation will depend on predictor-corrector steps still residing within the hybrid Pressure Implicit with Splitting of Operators - Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations (PIMPLE) outer corrector loops to ensure strong coupling between fluid and motion. Aitken's under-relaxation is also introduced in this study to optimise the convergence rate and stability of the coupled solver. The resulting coupled solver ran on a free floating object tutorial test case when converged matches the original solver. It further allows a varying 70%-80% reduction in simulation times compared using a fixed under-relaxation to achieve the required stability.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2012

Defect generation during organic bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC) in the photo lithography process is closely related to humidity control in the BARC coating unit. Defects are related to the water component due to the humidity and act as a blocking material for the etching process, resulting in an extreme pattern bridging in the subsequent BARC etching process of the poly etch step. In this paper, the lower limit for the humidity that should be stringently controlled for to prevent defect generation during BARC coating is proposed. Various images of defects are inspected using various inspection tools utilizing optical and electron beams. The mechanism for defect generation only in the specific BARC coating step is analyzed and explained. The BARC defect-induced gate pattern bridging mechanism in the lithography process is also well explained in this paper.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1052-1054
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• 2003

RAZAKSAT is a second micro-satellite mission by Malaysian Satellite Program and is expected for launch in June 2004. Designed to orbit the earth at low-equatorial orbit, RAZAKSAT will meet Malaysia’s immediate needs to rapid data acquisition (real time and more repetitions) to address many operational issues of remote sensing applications, which require availability of current data sets. RAZAKSAT will be among the first remote sensing satellite to orbit the earth at low inclination along the equator, 9$^{\circ}$ with 685km altitude, hence, allows optimal geographical information and environment change within equatorial region be observed with a unique revisit characteristics. The satellite primary payload is MAC, a push-broom type camera with 2.5m of ground sampling distance (GSD) in panchromatic band and 5m of GSD in four multi-spectral bands. This paper describes on the variation of illumination anticipated from simulated RAZAKSAT image, examine its implication to its ground leaving radiances for major applications.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2001

The consequence of water system closure and reduced water consumption in Paper Mills is increased white-water conductivity associated with increased total dissolved solids. This leads to difficulties man-aging the wet end chemistry of paper machines, mainly due to stearic hindrance effects on wet end chemical additives. This in turn causes poor productivity and Inefficient chemicals usage. The success of a number of projects is reported. The application and development of new multi-component micro-particle systems which can further assist in achieving a significant degree of system closure or Zero Effluent is described.

• Journal of Hydrospace Technology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.89-110
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• 1995

The enactment of OPA90 (Oil Pollution Act of 1990) in the USA and the consequent moves by IMO(International Maritime Organization) to introduce new Regulations for the design of oil tankers led the oil transportation industry to undergo a period of big change. This resulted in the introduction of double hull tankers. This paper introduces the design for the 300, 000 DWT double hull VLCC of World-Wide Shipping Agency Pte Ltd. in Hong Kong, which is the first of this type constructed by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Heavy Machinery Ltd.(DSHM). The characteristics of the compartment and structural arrangement of this vessel are briefly described, and the scope of structural analysis is illustrated. In addition, the merits/demerits of different crosstie arrangements are described in the appendices.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2019

In this paper, Blockchain is mentioned as the next-generation core IT technology. As an immature technology, there are not many practical use cases, but it is expected to be widely applied in various industries such as cryptocurrency, finance, public, etc. to increase efficiency and enable new services that did not exist in the past. Nevertheless, the generalization of blockchain technology is still difficult. In particular, from the viewpoint of personal information protection, GDPR of Europe, etc., is becoming stronger. Considering that the core of the blockchain is the change of information sharing and processing method, it is very important how the blockchain can affect, especially from the viewpoint of privacy, and how the Privacy Act can be applied to the blockchain. However, the discussion on this part also seems to be insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, blockchain By analyzing the implications and implications of technologies and services using them from the perspective of the Privacy Act, we will discuss how the blockchain will be used to prevent leakage of privacy.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.150-159
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• 2007

More often than not, cost claims which are legitimately due and entitled to the contractor for works done, or for loss and expense incurred arising from disruption, prolongation and delay, are surprising not successfully recovered, whether in whole or in part, or none at all. One of the main reasons attributing to such scenario, is due to either the contractor, employer or the consultants and their poor understanding of and adherence to established and proper contractual rubric that is embodied in the building construction contract for the works. This paper explores some such pitfalls that could very well spell the ultimate financial disaster for many contractors, and highlights salient and essential intimations that contractors and consultants should watch out for.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.299-310
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• 2007

When it comes to construction, the UAE leads the way. The UAE's construction industry is valued at US$ 221 billion (about AED 811.73 billion) - the highest in the region. The construction boom has caused a shortage of both manpower and materials, leading to rise in input prices not only in UAE but in the entire region. The prices of materials have reportedly increased more than manpower. Consequently, there has been an escalation in project costs, which have increased by 10-20 per cent since last three years. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges faced by the developers, consultants, contractors and suppliers due to the construction boom at UAE for the last five years. The paper summarizes that inspite of challenges faced, UAE expects the construction and real estate sectors to remain upbeat for the next ten years.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2009

연구배경: 폐혈전색전증 환자에서 혈전용해제의 효과는 차이가 없는 것으로 보고되어 있으나 출혈 등의 부작용에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구는 한 병원에서 중증 폐혈전색전증환자들에 사용한 alteplase와 urokinase의 치료효과 및 출혈 유발 정도를 비교하였다. 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2008년 7월까지 대상 환자 40명을 urokinase군(16명)과 alteplase군(24명)으로 나누어 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 혈전용해제 사용한 이유는 혈역학적 불안정 23명, 중증 우심실부전 7명 그리고 헤파린 사용에도 불구하고 진행하는 저산소증 10명이었다. 두 군간 나이, APACHE II, SOFA score, 혈전용해제에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 혈전용해제를 사용 후 승압제의 사용기간에서 aletplase군이 urokinase군보다 더 짧았으나, 인공호흡기 사용 기간과 중환자실 입원기간에서는 양 군간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 입원기간 동안 사망한 환자수는 13명(30%)으로 urokinase와 alteplase군 5명, 8명으로 유의한 차이는 없었고, 폐혈전색전증과 연관된 사망한 환자수에서도 urokinase와 alteplase군에서 1명, 4명으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 혈전용해제 사용 후 수술적 치료가 필요한 환자 수도 urokinase군 2명, alteplase군 1명으로 차이가 없었다. 혈전용해제 사용 후 발생한 출혈은 14명(35%)에서 관찰되었고 urokinase군 3명(7.5%), alteplase군 11명(27.5%)으로 urokinase군에서 적은 경향을 보였다. 중증 출혈은 2명으로 모두 alteplase군에서 발생하였으며 1명은 뇌출혈로 사망하였다. 결론: 중증 폐색전혈전증환자에서 urokinase 사용은 alteplase에 비하여 치료효과는 차이가 없으면서 출혈의 위험은 낮을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.121-142
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• 1996

한석산(1,119.1m)은 동경 $128^{\circ}15'31'$, 북위 $38^{\circ}02'55'$에 위치하며 행정적으로는 강원도 인제군 인제읍 남동쪽에 자리하는 산으로 본 지역에 분포하는 유용자원식물상 및 식생에 관한 조사 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 유용자원식물상을 파악하기 위해 1995년 8월, 10월 그리고 1996년 4월에 사이에 수집하여 분류 동정하였다. 또한 자원식물의 유용도는 각 식물의 용도에 따라 8개 항목으로 나누어 조사하였다. 식생의 특성을 파악하기 위해 Z-M 방식에 의한 식물사회학적조사를 실시하여 군락표를 작성하였다. 본 지역에 자생하는 양치식물 이상의 관속식물자원은 85과 229속 370종 72변종 10품종으로, 총 452분류군이 분포하며, 이는 우리나라 관속식물자원의 10.8%에 해당하는 양치식물계수(PteQ)는 1.34이었다. 자원식물의 유용도는 식용자원이 43.8%, 목초용자원이 38.1%, 약용자원이 33.2%등의 순으로 나타났고 용도를 알지 못하는 자원도 18.6%로 분포하였다. 한국특산식물은 할미밀망, 참꿩의다리, 애기바위솔, 매화말발도리, 터리풀, 풀싸리, 노랑갈퀴, 회양목(재), 산앵도나무, 참배암차즈기, 오동나무(재), 개쑥부쟁이, 고려엉겅퀴, 금강애기나리, 지리대사초 등 15분류군으로 우리나라 특산산물 570종류의 2.6%에 해당한다. 그 외 회귀식물로는 석송, 늦고사리삼, 독활, 구상난풀, 왜솜다리 등이 분포한다. 한석산의 식생은 1군목, 1군단, 2군단으로 분류되었다. 신갈나무아군강(Quercenco - mongolicae Kim 1990) 신갈나무-철쭉군목 (Lindero - Quercion mongolicae Kim 1990) A. 신갈나무-조록싸리군락 (Lespedeza maximowiczii - Quercus mongolica Community) B. 소나무-산거울군락 (Carex humilis v. nana - Pinus densiflora Community)