• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 1985

To evaluate the effect of dopaminergic activity on aldosterone secretion, the plasma renin activity, serum cortisol and aldosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay in 6 normal controls and 12 patients who had hyponatremia and generalized edema or ascites with possible condition with secondary aldosteronism before and after(15, 30, and 60 min) 15 mg of metoclopramide by iv bolus injection and same method with 500 mg of L-dopa by per oral in 6 normal controls and 12 patients with edema ascites. The result were as follows; 1) The basal level of PRA was higher in patients rather than normal controls but PRA was not influenced by MC or L-dopa administration on both normal controls and patients group. 2) The serum cortisol level was significantly elevated at 30 min after MC injection compared with basal level in normal controls but no significant change was noted in patients group. After L-dopa administration the serum cortisol level was not changed in both normal controls and patients group. 3) The serum aldosterone level was significantly elevated in 15, 30 and 60 min after MC injection in normal controls, and there also same tendency of aldosterone secretion was noticed in patients group. On the other hands, there was no changes in aldosterone level in both normal controls and patients group with L-dopa administration. Above result means that MC stimulate aldosterone secretion by dopaminergic antagonist and aldosterone secretion in normal subject is controlled by maximal tonic dopaminergic inhibition. In edematous patients, however, both of the dopaminergic inhibitory and stimulating effect of PRA, ACTH etc on the aldosterone secretion seems to be variable.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.896-908
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• 2022

As a part of probabilistic risk (or safety) assessment (PRA or PSA) of nuclear power plants (NPPs), the primary role of human reliability analysis (HRA) is to provide credible estimations of the human error probabilities (HEPs) of safety-critical tasks. In this regard, it is vital to provide credible HEPs based on firm technical underpinnings including (but not limited to): (1) how to collect HRA data from available sources of information, and (2) how to inform HRA practitioners with the collected HRA data. Because of these necessities, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute independently developed two dedicated HRA data collection systems, SACADA (Scenario Authoring, Characterization, And Debriefing Application) and HuREX (Human Reliability data EXtraction), respectively. These systems provide unique frameworks that can be used to secure HRA data from full-scope training simulators of NPPs (i.e., simulator data). In order to investigate the applicability of these two systems, two papers have been prepared with distinct purposes. The first paper, entitled "SACADA and HuREX: Part 1. The Use of SACADA and HuREX Systems to Collect Human Reliability Data", deals with technical issues pertaining to the collection of HRA data. This second paper explains how the two systems are able to inform HRA practitioners. To this end, the process of estimating HEPs is demonstrated based on feed-and-bleed operations using HRA data from the two systems.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.1686-1697
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• 2022

As a part of probabilistic risk (or safety) assessment (PRA or PSA) of nuclear power plants (NPPs), the primary role of human reliability analysis (HRA) is to provide credible estimations of the human error probabilities (HEPs) of safety-critical tasks. Accordingly, HRA community has emphasized the accumulation of HRA data to support HRA practitioners for many decades. To this end, it is critical to resolve practical problems including (but not limited to): (1) how to collect HRA data from available information sources, and (2) how to inform HRA practitioners with the collected HRA data. In this regard, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) independently initiated two large projects to accumulate HRA data by using full-scale simulators (i.e., simulator data). In terms of resolving the first practical problem, the NRC and KAERI developed two dedicated HRA data collection systems, SACADA (Scenario Authoring, Characterization, And Debriefing Application) and HuREX (Human Reliability data EXtraction), respectively. In addition, to inform HRA practitioners, the NRC and KAERI proposed several ideas to extract useful information from simulator data. This paper is the first of two papers to discuss the technical underpinnings of the development of the SACADA and HuREX systems.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.645-650
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• 2008

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) is involved in multiple signaling pathways in mammalian systems, including G-protein signaling. Arabidopsis NDPK2, like its mammalian counterparts, is multifunctional despite its initial discovery phytochrome-interacting protein. This similarity raises the possibility that NDPK2 may play a role in G-protein signaling in plants. In the present study, we explore the potential relationship between NDPK2 and the small G proteins, Pra2 and Pra3, as well as the heterotrimeric G protein, GPA1. We report a physical interaction between NDPK2 and these small G proteins, and demonstrate that NDPK2 can stimulate their GTPase activities. Our results suggest that NDPK2 acts as a GTPase-activating protein for small G proteins in plants. We propose that NDPK2 might be a missing link between the phytochrome-mediated light signaling and G protein-mediated signaling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2005

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.129-141
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• 1987

The possibility of human error in operation of nuclear power plant has been proved to be one of the most important factors for safety analysis. This study established the HRA methodology according to THERP steps for performing PRA(probabilistic risk assessment) of nuclear power plants and made two sample calculations : Availibility of auxiliary diesel generator, possibility of Davis-Bess #1 accident in 1985.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-253
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of an abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) with a light load while sitting on transverse abdominis contraction in subjects with and without low back pain. Methods: In this study, 20 participants with chronic low back pain and 20 controls participated. Ultrasonography was used to assess the thickness of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transversus abdominis (TrA) muscles. Muscle thickness was measured at rest and during ADIM in three different sitting postures: (1) just sitting, (2) sitting loaded position (holding a 1 or 2 kg dumbbell in each hand), and (3) sitting loaded shoulder flexion position (holding a 1 or 2 kg dumbbell in each hand). Results: The contraction ratio (CR) and preferential activation ratio (PAR) of the TrA during ADIM had no significant interactional effect between the group and the sitting postures. However, the CR and PRA of the TrA during the ADIM showed significant differences among the three different sitting postures. The CR of the TrA during the ADIM in the sitting loaded shoulder flexion position was significantly increased compared to that in the sitting position (p<0.05). Moreover, the PRA of the TrA muscle during ADIM in sitting loaded and sitting loaded shoulder flexion positions was significantly higher than that in the sitting position (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that ADIM in the sitting-loaded shoulder flexion position should be implemented to facilitate TrA activity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 2000

To describe the prevalence of binocular anomalies in adult Koreans. Patients included were 19 to 40 years of age, 41 males and 60 females and living in Kwang-Ju Korea. Refractive correction was estimated objectively with an autorefractometer and subjectively refined without cycloplegia. Myopia was defined as a refractive error less than -0.50 diopters hyperopia was defined as a refractive error greater than +0.50 diopters. 101 no strabismic patients who had a refractive error and a near lateral phoria(46%) and an AC/A(accommodative convergence/accommodation) anomaly(50.4%). The prevalence of a near vergence anomaly(52.5%) was higher than a near divergence anomaly(55.5%). The prevalence of a positive relative accommodation(PRA) anomaly(61.4%) was higher than a negative relative accommodation(NRA) anomaly(54.5%). According to Morgan's analysis method, patients with vergence anomaly(21.7%) were seen slightly less frequently than those with accommodative interaction anomaly(29.7%). 34.6% of patients had both vergence anomaly and accommodative interaction anomaly. These results indicate that full prescription for a refractive corrections should be considered as these can improve binocular visual function for ametropia.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 1991

To evaluate the acute and chronic effects of potassium on aldosterone response to different amounts of sodium intake, two series of experiments were conducted. In the first series of experiments, when the plasma K level was increased acutely by KCI infusion $(20\;{\mu}g/kg/min\;for\;20 min)$, plasma aldosterone concentration increased in both low Na and high Na groups. However, the aldosterone response to K infusion was significantly greater in the low Na than in the high Na groups. In the second series of experiments, rats fed a high K diet chronically showed a significantly higher plasma K level than those fed a low K diet. However, plasma Na level was maintained relatively constant independent of the Na intake. Both the plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone levels were inversely related to the Na intake. There was a highly positive correlation between aldosterone level and PRA over a wide range of sodium intakes. However, the slope of the correlation line was distinctly steeper in the K-repleted than in the K-depleted rats. The above results indicate that the adrenotropic action of acute K load was augmented in the presence of high plasma renin levels. However, when plasna K level was elevated chronically by a high-K diet, aldosterone secretion was markedly stimulated, although the plasma lenin levels were suppressed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2005

To evaluate the reliability of binocular vision measurements by phorometry. 90 students volunteered to participate in this study. 25 subjects were males, and 65 were females, they ranged in ages from 21 to 30 years. All subjects had normal ocular and systematic health, and all of them had at least 1.0 visual acuity with their best correction. At negative relative convergence(NRC) measurement in distance, the percentage of subjects is included in expected value(blur point/break point/recovery point) was 78%/61%/67%, divergence excess(DE) was 9%/31%/33%, and divergence insufficience(DI) was 13%/8%/9%, respectively. And positive relative convergence(PRC) measurement, includes expected value was 20%/46%/39%, convergence excess(CE) was 22%/14%/16%, and convergence insufficience(CI) was 35%/40%/45%. AC/A ratios of 42 subjects were normal. 38 were low, and the rest of them high. A low AC/A ratio is usually the result of a small vergence response in relation to accommodation. Negative relative convergence(NRC) at near, includes expected value was 26%/29%/44%, divergence excess(DE) was 61%/33%/24%, and divergence insufficience(DI) was 3%/38%/32%. And PRC at near, includes expected value was 33%/40%/31%, convergence excess(CE) was 61%/23%/42%, and convergence insufficience(CI) was 6%/37%/27%. For the near point of convergence(NPC) test, 58% of their subjects had a break of ${\leq}8cm$ with the accommodative target. In case of NRA(PRA) measurement, the expected value was 41%(33%). Accommodative insufficiency (AI) was 33%(43%), and accommodative excess(AE) was 26%(24%), respectively. AE was related to respectively low values of NRA. AI and CE are associated with high value of NRA, and the dysfunction of convergence excess combined with AE was related to a normal-high values of NRA. PRA in AI was related to a low value, wheres the dysfunction are associated with high values of PRA.